Khodijah, Siti (2019) Studi Kemampuan Tanah Menyimpan Air Tersedia Di Sentra Bawang Putih Kecamatan Pujon, Kabupaten Malang. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman bawang putih (Allium sativum L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas pangan penting di Indonesia. Tanaman bawang putih mempunyai tingkat konsumsi yang besar. Produksi bawang putih dan kebutuhan konsumsi di Indonesia semakin meningkat dari tahun ke tahun, namun demikian kebutuhan juga masih tetap tinggi. Akibatnya, pemerintah harus mengimpor bawang putih untuk mencukupi kebutuhan domestik setiap tahunnya. Produksi bawang putih di Indonesia perlu ditingkatkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dalam negeri. Upaya pemenuhan kebutuhan bawang putih di Indonesia terkonsentrasi di Pulau Jawa, khususnya Jawa Timur dan Jawa Tengah. Upaya tersebut telah dilakukan oleh Kementan BPTP Jawa Timur di tahun 2018 dengan melakukan perluasan areal penanaman bawang putih. Salah satu daerah penyebaran bawang putih di Indonesia yaitu Kecamatan Pujon, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Sumberdaya alam yang sangat penting untuk kebutuhan tanaman adalah air. Air yang berada di dalam tanah merupakan air yang dimanfaatkan oleh tanaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat kurva pF di sentra bawang putih, mengetahui kemampuan tanah menyimpan air tersedia pada tanaman bawang putih, mengetahui pengaruh sebaran pori terhadap kadar air tersedia pada tanaman bawang putih di Kecamatan Pujon, Kabupaten Malang. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan September 2018 – Januari 2019 di Kecamatan Pujon, Kabupaten Malang. Penentuan titik pengamatan dan pengambilan contoh tanah dilakukan berdasarkan peta SPL di sentra bawang putih yang tersebar di 5 desa yaitu Desa Pandesari, Desa Pujon Lor, Desa Madiredo, Desa Sukomulyo dan Desa Bendosari. Sampel tanah selanjutnya dianalisis di laboratorium untuk diketahui tekstur, berat isi, berat jenis, kurva pF, air tersedia, sebaran pori dan porositas. Data yang telah diperoleh dari hasil analisis laboratorium selanjutnya dilakukan analisis korelasi untuk mengetahui keeratan hubungan antar parameter yang ada di tiap titik pengamatan dan analisis regresi untuk mengetahui pengaruh sebaran pori terharap kadar air tersedia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kurva pF yang spesifik di setiap titik pengamatan. Sebaran status kadar air tersedia di sentra bawang putih pada lapisan atas di SPL 1 dan SPL 2 termasuk tinggi sedangkan pada SPL 3, 4, dan 5 termasuk sedang. Sebaran status kadar air tersedia di sentra bawang putih pada lapisan bawah di SPL 2 dan SPL 3 termasuk tinggi sedangkan di SPL 1 dan SPL 5 termasuk sedang dan di SPL 4 termasuk rendah. Selanjutnya sebaran pori yaitu pori makro dan pori meso merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar air tersedia. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai acuan dalam pengelolaan tanah dan diharapkan pengelolaan tanah di sentra bawang putih Kecamatan Pujon, Kabupaten Malang mengikuti pengelolaan tanah sesuai dengan SPL 2 agar mampu meningkatan produksi bawang putih.
English Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the essential food commodities in Indonesia. Garlic plants have massive levels of consumption. Garlic production and consumption needs in Indonesia has increased from year to year; however, the needs remain high. As a result, the Government has to import garlic for insufficient domestic needs each year. Garlic production in Indonesia needs to be improved to meet the needs of the country. The effort to meet the garlic needs in Indonesia is concentrated in Java, especially Central Java and East Java. The effort was undertaken by BPTP Kementan, East Java in 2018 by expanding the planting area of garlic. One of the deployment areas of garlic in Indonesia is Pujon sub-district, Malang, East Java. The natural resource that is essential for plants is water. Water in the soil is utilized by the plants. The purpose of this research was to create pF curves in the garlic centre, to find out the soil available water content on garlic, to find out the impact of pore distribution to the soil available water content on garlic plant in Pujon sub-district, Malang. The research was conducted from September 2018 to January 2019 in Pujon sub-district, Malang. The determination of the observation point and the soil sampling were carried out based on the land mapping unit of garlic centre spread in 5 villages; They were in Pandesari, Madiredo, Pujon Lor, Sukomulyo and Bendosari. The soil samples were analyzed in the laboratory to find out the soil texture, soil bulk density, soil specific gravity, soil available water content, pF curve, the distribution of pores and soil porosity. After that, the obtained data were analyzed by using correlation analysis to find the proximity relationship among parameters in each observation point. Also, regression analysis was conducted to see the impact of pore distribution to the available water content. The result of the research showed that there was a specific pF curve at each observation point. Status distribution of soil available water content in garlic centre at the upper layer of land mapping unit 1 and 2 was high, while in the land mapping unit 3,4, and 5 was medium. The status distribution of soil available water content in garlic centre at the bottom layer of land mapping unit 2 and 3 was high, in the land mapping unit 1 and 5 was medium, while in the land mapping unit 4 was low. Furthermore, the pore distribution which includes macropore and mesopore was a factor that influenced the soil available water content. The result of this research is expected to be able to give beneficial information that can be used as a reference in land management. Also, it is expected that the land management in the garlic centre, Pujon sub-district, Malang will take land mapping unit 2 as the land management to improve the garlic production.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/678/05197452 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 641 Food and drink > 641.3 Food > 641.35 Spesific food from plant crops > 641.352 1 Potaoes > 641.352 6 Garlic |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Aug 2020 06:50 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Aug 2020 06:50 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173857 |
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