Ifadah, Nisfi Fariatul (2019) Analisis Erodibilitas Tanah pada Lahan Tanaman Bawang Putih (Allium sativum L.) di Kecamatan Pujon, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Lahan sangat penting untuk memenuhi segala kebutuhan hidup, sehingga dalam pengelolaannya harus sesuai dengan kemampuannya agar tidak menurunkan produktivitas lahan dengan salah satu jalan perencanaan penggunaan lahan yang sesuai dengan kemampuannya. Namun apabila lahan tidak diolah dengan baik maka akan mengakibatkan degradasi lahan dan akan menurunkan kesuburan tanah. Degradasi lahan umumnya disebabkan oleh erosi yang dipercepat oleh aktivitas manusia. Banyak faktor yang menyebabkan erosi salah satunya adalah erodibilitas, jika erodibilitas tinggi erosi juga tinggi dan lapisan permukaan tanah akan cepat terlimpas ke daerah bawah, dengan besarnya nilai erodibilitas pada lahan petanian akan mengakibatkan penurunan produksi pertanian. Salah satu produksi tanaman yang dipengaruhi oleh besaran nilai erodibilitas adalah bawang putih. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Pujon, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur mulai Oktober 2018 – Februari 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei yang dilakukan dengan beberapa tahapan pelaksanaan penelitian, antara lain kegiatan persiapan, pra-survei, survei, dan pasca survei. Kegiatan persiapan dan pra-survei meliputi, administrasi, pengumpulan bahan, pembuatan peta kerja, dan survei pendahuluan. Penentuan titik pengamatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan kriteria lahan yang sedang atau pernah ditanami bawang putih dan memiliki data produksi tanaman. Kegiatan survei lapangan meliputi groundcheck, pengamatan minipit, pengambilan sampel, dan wawancara kepada petani pada 5 SPL dengan dua titik pengamatan pada masing-masing SPL. Kemudian, kegiatan analisis data pasca survei meliputi analisis laboratorium (tekstur, permeabilitas, kemantapan agregat, bahan organic dan berat isi tanah) , perhitungan nilai erodibilitas menggunakan metode USLE, modifikasi USLE dan The clay Ratio dan analisis data statistik dengan Ms. Excel 2010 untuk uji korelasi antara erodibilitas tanah dengan produksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik lahan bawang putih di Kecamatan Pujon memiliki perbedaan antara titik pengamatan, antara lain elevasi lahan dimulai dari 861–1.213 mdpl, kemiringan lahan 3–36%, mempunyai tekstur tanah berlempung sampai liat, kemantapan agregat tanah sangat stabil, struktur tanah granular halus sampai gumpal membulat, permeabilitas lambat, bahan organik 2,94 – 3,60%, dan berat isi tanah 1,03 – 1,58 g cm-3. Berdasarkan karakteristik tanah tersebut besaran nilai erodibilitas tanah di Kecamatan Pujon termasuk ke dalam kelas sedang sampai sangat tinggi (0.25 – 0.62). Adanya hubungan dari yang sangat rendah sampai sangat kuat antar erodibilitas tanah dengan faktor yang menentukannya. Hubungan erodibilitas dengan fraksi pasir menunjukan hubungan yang sangat rendah (r= 0,11) dan hubungan yang sangat kuat kemantapan agregat (r=0,82). Sementara hubungan erodibilitas dan produksi tanaman bawang putih tergolong rendah (r= -0,34).
English Abstract
Land is very important to meet all the needs of life, so that its management must be in accordance with its ability so as not to reduce land productivity with one of the ways of land use planning in accordance with its capabilities. However, if the land is not cultivated properly it will result in land degradation and will reduce soil fertility. Land degradation is generally caused by accelerated erosion by human activities. Many factors cause erosion, one of which is erodibility, if erodibility is high, erosion is also high and the surface layer of the soil will quickly run off into the lower area, with the large value of erodibility on agricultural land will result in a decrease in agricultural production. One of the crop production which is affected by the magnitude of the erodibility is garlic. This research was conducted in Pujon district, Malang starting from October– December 2018. In the activities of research using survey method with some phase of the research were carried out preparatory activities, survey, and post survey. The preparatory activities, include the adiministration, collection of materials, work map, and preliminary surveys. Determination the point of observation was performed using the method of purposive sampling with criteria of the land was being or had been planted with garlic and have production data. Survey activities include groundcheck, minipit observation, sampling, and interviews to the farmers on 5 SPL with two observations on each SPL. Later, post-survey data analysis activities include laboratory analysis (texture, permeability, aggregate stability, organic material and bulk density), calculation of Erosionist value using USLE method, USLE modification and The clay Ratio and Statistical data analysis with Ms. Excel 2010 to test correlates between eroibility of land with production. The results showed that the characteristics of garlic land in Pujon District had differences between observation points, including land elevation starting from 861-1.213 meters above sea level, land slope of 3–36%, having a loam to clay texture, soil aggregate stability was very stable, soil structure fine granular to subangular blocky, slow permeability, organic matter 2,94 – 3,60%, and bulk density of 1,03 – 1,58 g cm-3. Based on these soil characteristics, the magnitude of the soil erodibility value in Pujon District is included in the moderate to very high class (0,25 – 0,62). There is a relationship from very low to very strong between soil erodibility and the factors that determine it. The relationship of erodibility with the sand fraction showed a very low relationship (r = 0,11) and a very strong relationship in aggregate stability (r = 0,82). While the relationship between erodibility and production of garlic is relatively low (r = -0,34).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/199/051906942 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 641 Food and drink > 641.3 Food > 641.35 Spesific food from plant crops > 641.352 1 Potaoes > 641.352 6 Garlic |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Aug 2020 06:47 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Aug 2020 06:47 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173519 |
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