Setiono, Ardi (2017) Perancangan Unit Produksi Pakan Konsentrat Ruminansia Pada Skala Menengah. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Konsumsi daging di Indonesia tercatat lebih rendah dibandingkan dua negara lain di ASEAN, yakni Malaysia dan Filipina. Masyarakat Indonesia hanya mengkonsumsi 1,8 kg per kapita, Malaysia sebesar 15 kg per kapita dan Filipina 7 kg per kapita pertahun. Rendahnya konsumsi daging disebabkan telah terjadi krisis daging di Indonesia. Terdapat berbagai kendala yang sering dijumpai pada ternak ruminansia salah satunya adalah pakan. Dimana pakan memiliki kontribusi sebesar 70-80% terhadap keseluruhan biaya produksi. Sehingga perluh adanya perancangan unit produksi pakan konsentrat dari limbah agroindustri pertanian. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui kelayakan teknis meliputi bahan baku dan bahan tambahan, kapasitas produksi, teknologi proses, mesin dan peralatan, proses produksi, layout, lokasi, dan kebutuhan utilitas dari industri pakan konsentrat ruminansia dan mengetahui kelayakan finansial meliputi Harga Pokok Produksi (HPP), efisien usaha (R/C Ratio), Break Even Point (BEP), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) dan payback Period (PP) dari industri pakan konsentrat ruminansia. Pada penelitian perancangan unit produksi pakan konsentrat ruminanasia pada skala menengah memiliki kapasitas sebanyak 3.001,8 ton pertahun. Bahan baku yang digunakan berupa bekatul, kulit kopi, bungkil sawit, roti BS (Barang Sortir), kulit ari coklat, molase, kulit kacang, dan ampas bir. Rancangan tata letak produksi yang digunakan adalah product layout dan memiliki pola aliran bahan odd-angle. Dimana bahan yang di produksi secara masal dan variasi produk hanya satu. Pemilihan teknologi yang digunakan meliputi proses penimbangan menggunakan timbangan duduk, proses pengecilan ukuran menggunakan disk mill, proses pencampuran menggunakan mixer, proses fermentasi menggunakan fermentor, proses pencetakan pellet menggunakan ekstruder, proses pengeringan menggunakan rotary dryer, dan proses pengayakan mengunakan sifter. Hasil perhitungan finansial Harga Pokok Produksi (HPP) sebesar 1.971,64 produk dengan harga jual sebesar Rp. 2.600,00. Break Even Point (BEP) unit sebesar 2.388.932,91 produk, Break Even Point (BEP) rupiah sebesar Rp. 6.211.225.570,28. Efisien usaha (R/C Ratio) lebih dari 1 yaitu 1,32, Net Present Value (NPV) sebesar Rp. 2.252.336,97, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) sbesar 48,44% dan payback Period (PP) sebesar 2,03 tahun. Berdasarkan perhitungan aspek finansial tersebut pendirian pabrik konsentrat ruminansia layak untuk di jalankan.
English Abstract
Meat consumption in Indonesia is lower than the two other countries in ASEAN, such as Malaysia and the Philippines. Indonesians consume only 1,8 kg in each capita, Malaysia at 15 kg in each capita and the Philippines 7 kg in each capita in each year. The low consumption of meat is caused by the crisis of meat in Indonesia. There are various obstacles that are often found in ruminant livestock one of them is feed. Where feed has a contribution of 70-80% of the overall production costs. So it is necessary to design the concentrate feed production unit from agriculture agro-industry waste. The objectives of the research are to find out technical feasibility including raw material and additional material, production capacity, process technology, machinery and equipment, production process, layout, location, and utility requirement from ruminant concentrate feed industry and know financial feasibility covering Cost of Production (HPP) , Efficient business (R / C Ratio), Break Even Point (BEP), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and payback Period (PP) from the ruminant concentrate feed industry. In the research of designing the production unit of ruminanasia concentrate feed on the medium scale has a capacity of 3.001,8 tons in each year. Raw materials that used such as rice bran, coffee skin, palm meal, BS bread (Goods Sort), brown shell, molasses, peanut shell, and beer waste. The design of production layout used is product layout and has flow pattern of odd-angle material. Where the material in mass production and product variation is only one. Selection of technology used include weighing process using seated scales, process size reduction using disk mill, mixing process using mixer, fermentation process using fermentor, pellet molding process using extruder, drying process using rotary dryer, and screening using sifter process. The result of financial calculation of Cost of Production (HPP) are 1.971,64 products with selling price of Rp. 2.600,00. Break Even Point (BEP) units are 2.388.932,91 products, Break Even Point (BEP) are Rp. 6.211.225.570,28. Efficient business (R / C Ratio) more than 1 that is 1,32, Net Present Value (NPV) are Rp. 2.252.336,97, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) are 48,44% and Payback Period (PP) in 2,03 years. Based on the calculation of financial aspect, the establishment of ruminant concentrate factory is feasible to run.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2017/467/051709315 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Aspek Finansial, Aspek Teknis, Konsentrat |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 636 Animal husbandry > 636.08 Specific topics in animal husbandry > 636.085 Feeds and applied nutrition > 636.085 5 Feeds > 636.085 56 Feed from wastes |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Industri Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 17 Oct 2017 06:07 |
| Last Modified: | 09 Dec 2021 07:58 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/3814 |
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