Al Banjari, Muhammad Haidar and Prasasti, Berlian and Ir. Aji Hendra Sarosa, ST., MT. and Ir. Luthfi Kurnia Dewi, S.T., M.T. (2023) Ekstraksi Senyawa Fenolik pada Rimpang Lengkuas Merah (Alpinia sp.) dengan Metode Soxhletasi. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Indonesia memiliki berbagai jenis rempah-rempah yang melimpah, salah satu rempahrempah yang banyak dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan tambahan pangan atau obat tradisional yaitu lengkuas merah (Alpinia sp.). Lengkuas merah pada bagian rimpang mengandung senyawa golongan flavonoid, fenol, dan terpenoid yang bermanfaat untuk obat-obatan dan sebagai bahan konsumsi atau pengawet makanan (Hernani, Marwati T., dan Winarti, C., 2007). Hasil penelitian terdahul menyebutkan pemilihan pelarut berpengaruh terhadap kadar fenol dari ekstraksi rimpang lengkuas merah menggunakan metode maserasi, Hernani, Tri Marwati, dan Christina Winarti, (2007). Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian Eksperimen Kuantitatif (True Eksperiment Reserch) dengan rancangan penelitian 2k Desain Faktorial. Faktor yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu penambahan jenis pelarut dengan 3 variasi berbeda (Etanol (A1), Etil asetat (A2), dan Metanol (A3)) dan jumlah siklus dalam proses ekstrasi yakni; (3 siklus (B1), 5 siklus (B2), 7 siklus (B3), dan 9 siklus (B4)). Penelitian ini akan dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Hayati Teknik Kimia, Universitas Brawijaya Malang pada Juni-Juli 2022. Proses perisapan bahan baku dimulai dengan membersihkan kotoran-kotoran yang menempel hingga rimpang lengkuas merah bersih yang kemudian dirajang dan dikeringkan menggunakan oven vacuum dan dikontrol pada temperature 40OC. setelah kering, simplisia lengkuas merah dihaluskan dan disaring menggunakan ayakan 100 mesh. Ekstraksi simplisia rimpang lengkuas merah pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode soxhletasi. Rerata presentase nilai rendemen secara berturut-turut pada ekstrak dengan pelarut etil asetat, etanol, dan metanol sebesar 3,875%, 7,3175%, dan 13,375%. Hasil pengukuran kadar total fenol dari ekstrak dengan pelarut metanol 3,5,7,dan 9 siklus dengan nilai secara berturut-turut 121,903, 188,677, 179,323, 159,968 ppm, pelarut etil asetat 3,5,7, dan 9 siklus sebesar 83,194, 113,516, 133,516, dan 174,806 ppm, dan pelarut etanol 3,5,7, dan 9 siklus dengan nilai sebesar 115,452, 117,387, 130,935, dan 125,774 ppm. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan jumlah siklus mempengaruhi kadar total fenol, yakni semakin banyak jumlah siklus yang digunakan dalam proses ekstraksi akan menurunkan kadar fenol yang terkandung dalam ekstrak. ekstraksi senyawa fenolik rimpang lengkuas merah (Alpinia sp.) dengan metode soxhletasi mendapatkan hasil rerata presentase rendemen tertinggi pada pelarut metanol yakni 13,375%, dan nilai total fenol tertinggi diperoleh dari pelarut metanol 5 siklus dengan nilai sebesar 188,677 ppm.
English Abstract
Compounds of Red Galangal Rhizomes (Alpinia sp.) Using the Soxhletation Method. Indonesia has an abundance of various types of spices, one of which is widely used as a food additive or traditional medicine, namely red galangal (Alpinia sp.). Red galangal in the rhizome contains compounds from the class of flavonoids, phenols and terpenoids which are useful for medicines and as ingredients for consumption or food preservatives (Hernani, Marwati T., and Winarti, C., 2007). The results of the previous study stated that the choice of solvent affected the phenol content of red galangal rhizome extraction using the maceration method, Hernani, Tri Marwati, and Christina Winarti, (2007). This type of research uses a Quantitative Experimental Research method (True Experimental Research) with a 2k Factorial Design research design. The factors used in the study were the addition of solvent types with 3 different variations (Ethanol (A1), Ethyl acetate (A2), and Methanol (A3)) and the number of cycles in the extraction process namely; (3 cycles (B1), 5 cycles (B2), 7 cycles (B3), and 9 cycles (B4)). This research will be carried out at the Chemical Engineering Biological Laboratory, Brawijaya University Malang in June-July 2022. The raw material preparation process begins by cleaning the dirt adhering to the clean red galangal rhizomes which are then chopped and dried using a vacuum oven and controlled at a temperature of 40oC. After drying, the red galangal simplicia was crushed and filtered using a 100 mesh sieve. Simplicia extraction of red galangal rhizome in this study used the soxhletation method. The average percentage of yield values respectively in extracts with ethyl acetate, ethanol and methanol solvents were 3.875%, 7.3175% and 13.375%. The results of measuring the total phenol content of the extract with methanol solvent 3,5,7, and 9 cycles with values of 121,903, 188,677, 179,323, 159,968 ppm, ethyl acetate solvent 3,5,7, and 9 cycles were 83,194, 113,516 , 133,516, and 174,806 ppm, and ethanol solvents 3,5,7, and 9 cycles with values of 115,452, 117,387, 130,935, and 125,774 ppm. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the number of cycles affects the total phenol content, that is, the more number of cycles used in the extraction process, the lower the phenol content contained in the extract. Extraction of phenolic compounds from red galangal rhizome (Alpinia sp.) using the soxhletation method yielded the highest average percentage yield in methanol solvent, namely 13.375%, and the highest total phenol value was obtained from methanol solvent 5 cycles with a value of 188.677 ppm.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 052307 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Kadar Fenol, Rimpang Lengkuas Merah (Alpinia sp.), Soxhletasi, Jenis Pelarut, Jumlah Siklus |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 664 Food technology > 664.02 Processes > 664.022 Extraction |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Kimia |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username tunjungsari |
| Date Deposited: | 16 Jan 2024 06:02 |
| Last Modified: | 16 Jan 2024 06:02 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/210931 |
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