Retnowati, Dian (2019) Pembuatan Kertas Seni Dari Rumput Gajah (Pennisetum Purpureum) Dan Kertas Hvs Bekas Dengan Chemical Pulping (Kajian Konsentrasi Larutan Naoh Dan Penambahan Kertas Hvs Bekas). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Rumput gajah merupakan tanaman hijauan yang telah dikenal manfaatnya sebagai pakan ternak pemamah biak (Ruminansia). Di Indonesia produksi segar rumput gajah mencapai 277 ton/ha/tahun (36 ton/ha/tahun bahan kering). Di Desa Bokor, Kecamatan Tumpang, Kabupaten Malang luas tanaman pakan ternak yang salah satunya rumput gajah sekitar 4 ha (Dinas komunikasi dan Informatika Kabupaten Malang, 2019). Menurut Nasution et al. (2016) serat kasar rumput gajah sebesar 40,85%. Dengan adanya serat maka rumput gajah dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan pulp untuk kertas seni (Tahirzadeh et al., 2008). Kertas seni merupakan kertas dengan penampilan estetik yang berbeda dengan kertas tipis biasa yang kebanyakan polos teksturnya. Pada pembuatan pulp rumput gajah menggunakan proses pulping secara kimiawi dengan NaOH. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi larutan NaOH dan penambahan kertas HVS bekas terhadap kadar air, rendemen, ketahanan tarik, ketahanan sobek dan warna kertas seni yang dihasilkan serta mengetahui perlakuan terbaik pada parameter kadar air, rendemen, ketahanan tarik, ketahanan sobek dan warna kertas seni yang dihasilkan. Rancangan penelitian pembuatan kertas seni menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 2 faktor. Faktor Pertama adalah konsentrasi larutan NaOH yang terdiri dari 3 level yaitu konsentrasi larutan NaOH 8%, 9% dan 10%. Faktor kedua adalah penambahan kertas HVS bekas yang terdiri dari 3 level, yaitu 40%, 50% dan 60%. Setiap perlakuan dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak dua kali sehingga diperoleh 18 satuan percobaan. Parameter yang diamati yaitu kadar air, rendemen, ketahananvii tarik, ketahanan sobek dan warna kertas seni. Analisis data menggunakan analisis sidik ragam Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari setiap perlakuan. Jika hasilnya berbeda nyata maka dilakukan uji lanjut dengan BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil) dengan nilai (α=0,05) dan uji DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) dengan taraf kepercayaan 95% atau α=0,05 apabila terdapat interaksi antara kedua faktor. Analisis perlakuan terbaik pada sampel diuji menggunakan metode Zeleny. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan konsentrasi NaOH berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ketahanan tarik, ketahanan sobek dan warna kekuningan (b*). Faktor penambahan kertas HVS bekas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kadar air, rendemen, ketahanan tarik, ketahanan sobek dan warna kekuningan (b*). Interaksi antara kedua faktor konsentrasi NaOH dan penambahan kertas HVS bekas tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kadar air, rendemen, ketahanan tarik, ketahanan sobek dan warna kekuningan (b*). Perlakuan terbaik diperoleh pada kombinasi konsentrasi NaOH 9% dan penambahan kertas HVS bekas 60% (A2B3) dengan nilai kadar air 8,570%, rendemen 11,535%, ketahanan tarik 0,072 kgf.cm-2, ketahanan sobek 94,235 gf dan warna kekuningan (b*) 8,540
English Abstract
Pennisetum purpureum is a forage plant that has known benefits as ruminant livestock feed (Ruminansia). In Indonesia fresh Pennisetum purpureum production reaches 277 tons / ha / year (36 tons / ha / year dry matter). In Bokor Village, Tumpang District, Malang Regency, the area of animal feed plants, one of which is Pennisetum purpureum, is around 4 ha (Communication and Information Office of Malang Regency, 2019). According to Nasution et al. (2016) crude fiber of Pennisetum purpureum by 40,85%. With the presence of fiber, Pennisetum purpureum can be used as a raw material for making pulp for art paper (Tahirzadeh et al., 2008). Art paper is a paper with aesthetic appearance that is different from ordinary paper which is mostly plain in texture. In making Pennisetum purpureum pulp using a chemical pulping process with NaOH. This study aims to determine the effect of the concentration of NaOH solution and the addition of used HVS paper on water content, yield, tensile resistance, tear resistance and color of the resulting art paper and determine the best treatment on water content parameters, yield, tensile resistance, tear resistance and paper color art that is produced. Art paper making research design using Randomized Block Design with 2 factors. The first factor is the concentration of NaOH solution which consists of 3 levels, which consists of the concentration NaOH solution 8%, 9% and 10%. The second factor is the addition of used HVS paper which consists of 3 levels, 40%, 50% and 60%. Each treatment was repeated twice so there were 18 experimental units obtained. The parameters observed were water content, yield, tensile resistance, tear resistance and color of art paper. Data analysis used Analysis of Variance Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to determine the effectix of each treatment. If the results are significantly different, further tests are performed with LSD (Least Significant Difference) with a value (α = 0,05) and DMRT test (Duncan Multiple Range Test) with a confidence level of 95% or α = 0.05 if there is an interaction between the two factors. Analysis of the best treatment on the sample was tested using the Zeleny method. The results showed that the treatment of NaOH concentration significantly affected the tensile resistance, tear resistance and yellowish color (b *). The addition factor of used HVS paper has a significant effect on water content, yield, tensile resistance, tear resistance and yellowish color (b *). The interaction between the two NaOH concentration factors and the addition of used HVS paper did not significantly influence water content, yield, tensile resistance, tear resistance and yellowish color (b *). The best treatment was obtained at a combination of 9% NaOH concentration and the addition of 60% used HVS paper (A2B3) with a moisture content of 8.570%, yield of 11.535%, tensile resistance of 0.072 kgf.cm-2, tear resistance of 94.235 gf and a yellowish color (b *) 8,540.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2019/12/052002330 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Chemical Pulping, Kertas HVS Bekas, Kertas Seni, Rumput Gajah, Chemical Pulping, Used HVS Paper, Art Paper, Pennisetum purpureum |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 664 Food technology > 664.02 Processes > 664.024 Manufacturing processes |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Industri Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Aug 2020 06:56 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Oct 2021 08:00 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/180371 |
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