Harini, Dwi Suryo (2019) Pembuatan Detergen Ramah Lingkungan Berbahan Minyak Goreng Bekas: Kajian Konsentrasi Surfaktan (Mes) Dan Konsentrasi Antibusa Propilen Glikol. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Status pencemaran air di Indonesia pada tahun 2016 dan 2017 tergolong tercemar berat, pencemaran tersebut sebagian besar diakibatkan oleh limbah detergen sintetis yang mengandung fosfat. Sebagai upaya minimasi penggunaan detergen sintetis, detergen berbahan baku minyak goreng bekas dapat dijadikan alternatif detergen ramah lingkungan dengan cara mengkonversi minyak goreng bekas menjadi Methyl Ester Sulfonate (MES) dan penambahan antibusa propilen glikol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bahan antibusa propilen glikol terhadap penurunan busa detergen goreng bekas, dengan kajian konsentrasi surfaktan (MES) dan konsentrasi antibusa propilen glikol serta untuk mengetahui formulasi terbaik dan mengetahui karakeristik detergen yang dihasilkan. Penelitian dirancang dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama konsentrasi surfaktan (10%, 20%, 30%) b/b dan faktor kedua konsentrasi antibusa (0,2%, 0,3%, 0,4%, 0,5%) b/b dan diulang sebanyak dua kali. Parameter pengamatan berupa rendemen, kadar air, pH, bahan tidak larut, serta tinggi dan stabilitas busa. Data di analisa sidik ragam (ANOVA) dengan taraf kepercayaan 95% serta uji lanjut DMRT dan BNT. Pemilihan alternatif terbaik dalam penelitian menggunakan metode Multiple Attribute. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa formulasi terbaik detergen yaitu formulasi konsentrasi sufaktan 20% dan konsentrasi surfaktan 0,4% dengan rendemen 55,734%, kadar air 0,275%, bahan tidak larut 0,150%, pH 10, serta stabilitas busa 0,633%. Formulasi konsentrasi surfaktan 20% dan konsentrasi antibusa 0,4% menghasilkan detergen dengan kadar air rendah, sehingga memiliki tekstur kering, dengan tingkat kelarutan dalam Dwi Suryo Harini. 155100300111048. Pembuatan Detergen Ramah Lingkungan Berbahan Minyak Goreng Bekas: Kajian Konsentrasi Surfaktan (MES) Dan Konsentrasi Antibusa Propilen Glikol. Tugas Akhir. Pembimbing: Dr. Ir. Maimunah Hindun Pulungan, MS., Sri Suhartini STP, M.Env.Mgt, PhD.vii air baik serta nilai pH yang memenuhi SNI 4594;2017. Formulasi terbaik yang dihasilkan dihitung dalam neraca massa. Minyak goreng bekas 150 ml dikonversikan menjadi MES menghasilkan sebanyak 20 ml (rendemen 35,324 %), sedangan untuk detergen didapatkan rendemen total 55,734%.
English Abstract
The status of water pollution in Indonesia on 2015 and 2016 is classified as heavily polluted, mostly due to phosphatebased synthetic detergents contamination. To minimize the use of synthetic detergents, ecofriendly detergents can be one of the alternatives. Various waste materials, in particular used cooking oil can be used to produce ecofriendly surfactants, by converting it into Methyl Ester Sulfonate (MES) using sulfonation and methanolysis process with addition of antifoam propylene glycol agent. This study aimed to determine the effect of antifoaming propylene glycol on foam reduction, as well as to identify the best detergent formulation and the characteristic of detergent that has been produced. Randomized block design was used in this study, with two factors include concentration of surfactant (10%, 20%, 30%) w/w, and concentration of antifoaming agent (0,2%, 0,3%, 0,4%, 0,5%) w/w. Each treatment was carried out in duplicate. Quality parameters observed were yield, water content, pH, insoluble material, height and stability of foam. Two-ways analysis of variance (ANOVA) with confidence intervals 95% was used to analyse the experimental data, following post hoc analysis data using Duncan multiple range test (DMRT) or least significance difference (LSD). The data was compared with the standard quality of synthetic detergent powder based on Indonesian National Standard Number 4594 Year 2017 (SNI-4549-2017). The best treatment was selected using Multiple Attribute method. The results showed that the best alternative treatment was S2Ab4 formulation (surfactant 20%: antifoam 0.4%), resulted detergent with the following quality: yield (55.734%), water content (0.275%), insoluble materials (0.150%), pH (10) and Dwi Suryo Harini. 155100300111048. The Making of Ecofriendly Detergent from Used Cooking Oil: Study on Concentration of Surfactant (MES) and Concentration of Antifoaming Propylene Glycol. Undergraduates Thesis. Supervisor: Dr. Ir. Maimunah Hindun Pulungan, MS., Sri Suhartini STP, M.Env.Mgt, PhD.ix stability of foaming (0.633%), respectively. This finding confirmed that the resulted detergents have met the quality requirement based on (SNI-4594-2017). The addition of propylene glycol antifoam agent did not have impact in decreasing foam of the resulted detergent. Mass balance analyses, based on the best formulation selected, showed that 150 mL of used cooking oil can produce 20 mL of MES (35.324%) with the total yield of detergent was 55.734%
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2019/16/052002334 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Antibusa, Detergen, Methyl Ester Sulfonate (MES), Minyak Goreng Bekas, Propilen glikol, Antifoaming, Detergent, Methyl Ester Sulfonate (MES), Used Cooking Oil, Propylene Glycol |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 664 Food technology > 664.02 Processes > 664.024 Manufacturing processes |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Industri Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Aug 2020 06:44 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Oct 2021 08:03 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/180516 |
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