Gozali, Hito Nixon (2019) Pengaruh Jumlah Tanaman Per Polybag Dan Pupuk Nitrogen Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Tanaman Sawi Pakchoy (Brassica Rapa L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Sawi Pakchoy (Brassica rapa L.) merupakan tanaman sayuran yang banyak digemari oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Selain itu memiliki nilai ekonomis, prospek dan nilai komersial yang cukup tinggi (Khodriyah et al, 2017). Sawi Pakchoy mengandung beragam zat gizi makanan yang essensial bagi kesehatan tubuh diantaranya protein, lemak, karbohidrat, Ca, P, Fe, provitamin A, Vitamin B, Vitamin C, mineral dan serat (Barokah et al, 2017). Karena tanaman sawi Pakchoy mengandung banyak zat gizi, sehingga masyarakat Indonesia banyak mengkonnsumsi sawi Pakchoy. Berdasarkan data Direkrotat Jendral Hortikultura pada tahun 2011 dalam Murtiawan, 2011 menunjukkan bahwa produksi sayuran di Indonesia sebanyak 11.133.200 ton dan sebanyak 663.834 ton adalah sayuran impor. Dari data tersebut diperlukan teknik budidaya yang tepat untuk dapat meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman. Suparman (2015), menyatakan bahwa pada tanaman Pakchoy yang tidak diberi unsur hara Nitrogen tanaman tetap kecil dan daun lebih cepat berubah menjadi kuning, karena Nitrogen yang tersedia tidak cukup untuk membentuk protein dan klorofil sehingga menyebabkan kemampuan tanaman menjadi berkurang dan produksi karbohidratnya berkurang. Selain itu, penelitian Sari (2016), menyatakan bahwa pemupukan harus tepat jenis, cara dan dosis. Selain, pemberian pupuk Nitrogen diimbangi dengan jumlah tanaman per polybag. Tingkat kepadatan tanaman sangat mempengaruhi terjadinya kompetisi. Tingkat kepadatan tanaman yang rendah memacu tumbunya gulma jika dibandingkan dengan tingkat kepadatan tanaman yang tinggi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Universitas Brawijaya Kampus III yang bertempat di Desa Mrican, Kecamatan Mojoroto, Kota Kediri, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Ketinggian tempat penelitian yaitu 74 meter diatas permukaan laut, suhu ratarata 25oC- 30oC, curah hujan rata-rata berkisar 1000 – 2000 mm pertahun. Jenis tanah pada tempat penelitian yaitu Litosol coklat kemerahan. Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan Mei - Juni 2019. Alat yang digunakan pada penelitian meliputi cangkul, meteran, gembor, papan petak, penggaris, gunting, timbangan, kertas label, kalkulator, alat tulis dan kamera. Bahan yang digunakan pada penelitian meliputi bibit sawi Pakchoy, kompos, tanah, polybag, pupuk kandang kotoran ayam 20 ton/ha, pupuk Nitrogen 100 kg/ha, 125 kg/ha dan 150 kg/ha, dan pupuk daun 3 liter/ha. Penelitian dirancang dengan menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi (RPT) berupa yaitu J0P0 : jumlah benih 3 per polybag dengan pupuk N 100 kg/ha ; J0P1 : jumlah benih 3 per polybag dengan pupuk N 125 kg/ha ; J0P2 : jumlah benih 3 per polybag dengan pupuk N 150 kg/ha ; J1P0 : jumlah benih 5 per polybag dengan pupuk N 100 kg/ha ; J1P1 : jumlah benih 5 per polybag dengan pupuk N 125 kg/ha ; J1P2 : jumlah benih 5 per polybag dengan pupuk N 150 kg/ha ; J2P0 : jumlah benih 7 per polybag dengan pupuk N 100 kg/ha ; J2P1 : jumlah benih 7 per polybag dengan pupuk N 125 kg/ha ; J2P2 : jumlahbenih 7 per polybag dengan pupuk N 150 kg/ha. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Pengamatan pertumbuhan yang dilakukan meliputi tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun. Pengamatan hasil meliputi luas daun, bobot segar total tanaman dan bobot segar konsumsi. Data yang didapatkan dari hasil pengamatan dianalisa dengan mengunakan uji F dengan taraf 5% apabila terdapat pengaruh pada setiap perlakuan, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada taraf 5% untuk mengetahui adanya perbedaan antar perlakuan. Perlakuan jumlah tanaman sebanyak 3 dan 5 tanaman nyata lebih tinggi dibandingkan jumlah tanaman sebanyak 7 tanaman, pada parameter panjang tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, bobot basah/tanaman dan bobot konsumsi pada tanaman Pakchoy. Perlakuan pupuk Nitrogen sebanyak 150 kg/ha nyata lebih tinggi dibandingkan pupuk Nitrogen sebanyak 100 kg/ha dan 125 kg/ha, pada parameter panjang tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, bobot basah/tanaman, dan bobot konsumsi pada tanaman Pakchoy. Kombinasi perlakuan jumlah tanaman sebanyak 3 tanaman diikuti dengan pupuk Nitrogen sebanyak 150 kg/ha menunjukkan hasil bobot basah/tanaman dan bobot konsumsi nyata lebih tinggi sebesar 1.26 kg ; 1.01 kg dibandingkan dengan jumlah tanaman sebanyak 3 tanaman diikuti dengan pupuk Nitrogen sebanyak 100 kg/ha sebesar 0.80 kg ; 0.55 kg. Sehingga diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai pengaturan jumlah tanaman dan pupuk Nitrogen agar dapat mencapai optimal.
English Abstract
Sawi Pakchoy (Brassica rapa L.) is a vegetable plant that is much favored by the people of Indonesia. Besides that it has high economic value, prospects and commercial value (Khodriyah et al, 2017). Sawi Pakchoy contains a variety of essential food nutrients for the health of the body including protein, fat, carbohydrates, Ca, P, Fe, provitamin A, Vitamin B, Vitamin C, minerals and fiber (Barokah et al, 2017). Because Pakchoy mustard plants contain many nutrients, so many Indonesians consume Pakchoy mustard. Based on Direkrotat General Horticulture data in 2011 in Murtiawan, 2011 showed that vegetable production in Indonesia amounted to 11,133,200 tons and as many as 663,834 tons were imported vegetables. From these data, appropriate cultivation techniques are needed to increase plant productivity. Suparman (2015), states that in Pakchoy plants that are not given nutrients the nitrogen plants remain small and the leaves turn yellow faster, because the available nitrogen is not enough to form proteins and chlorophyll which causes the plant's ability to decrease and carbohydrate production decreases. In addition, Sari's research (2016) stated that fertilization must be of the right type, method and dosage. In addition, Nitrogen fertilizer is balanced with the number of plants per polybag. The level of plant density greatly affects the occurrence of competition. The low level of plant density stimulates the growth of weeds when compared with the high level of plant density. The research was conducted at the University of Brawijaya Campus III Experimental Garden located in Mrican Village, Mojoroto District, Kediri City, East Java Province. The height of the research site is 74 meters above sea level, the average temperature is 25oC-30oC, the average rainfall ranges from 1000 - 2000 mm per year. The type of soil at the research site is Litosol reddish brown. The research was conducted in May - June 2019. The tools used in the study included hoes, meters, hoops, plot boards, rulers, scissors, scales, label paper, calculators, stationery and cameras. The materials used in the study included Pakchoy mustard seeds, compost, soil, polybags, chicken manure 20 tons / ha, Nitrogen 100 kg / ha, 125 kg / ha and 150 kg / ha, and leaf fertilizer 3 liters / ha. The study was designed using Factorial Randomized Group Design (RAK-F) in the form of J0P0: number of 3 seeds per polybag with N fertilizer 100 kg / ha; J0P1: number of 3 seeds per polybag with N fertilizer 125 kg / ha; J0P2: number of 3 seeds per polybag with N fertilizer 150 kg / ha; J1P0: number of seeds 5 per polybag with N fertilizer 100 kg / ha; J1P1: number of seeds 5 per polybag with N fertilizer 125 kg / ha; J1P2: number of seeds 5 per polybag with N fertilizer 150 kg / ha; J2P0: number of seeds 7 per polybag with N fertilizer 100 kg / ha; J2P1: number of seeds 7 per polybag with N fertilizer 125 kg / ha; J2P2: number of seeds 7 per polybag with N fertilizer 150 kg / ha. Each treatment was repeated 3 times. Observation of growth carried out includes plant height and numberof leaves. Observation of results includes leaf area, total fresh weight of plants and fresh weight of consumption. Data obtained from observations were analyzed using the F test with a level of 5% if there was an effect on each treatment, then continued with the Smallest Significant Difference test (LSD) at the level of 5% to find out the differences between treatments. The treatment of the number of plants as much as 3 and 5 plants was significantly higher than the number of plants as much as 7 plants, on the parameters of plant length, number of leaves, leaf area, wet weight / plant and consumption weight on Pakchoy plants. The treatment of Nitrogen fertilizer as much as 150 kg / ha was significantly higher than Nitrogen fertilizer as much as 100 kg / ha and 125 kg / ha, on parameters of plant length, leaf number, leaf area, wet weight / plant, and consumption weight in Pakchoy plants. The combination of treatment of the number of plants as much as 3 plants followed by Nitrogen fertilizer as much as 150 kg / ha showed the results of wet weight / plant and real consumption weight higher by 1.26 kg; 1.01 kg compared to 3 plants followed by 100 kg Nitrogen / ha 0.80 kg; 0.55 kg. So that more research is needed on regulating the number of plants and Nitrogen fertilizer in order to achieve optimal.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/916/052002021 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 664 Food technology > 664.8 Fruits and vegetables |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Aug 2020 07:54 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Oct 2021 02:33 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/179123 |
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