Ximenes, Liborio (2018) Respon Fisiologis Dan Performa Broiler Periode Starter Akibat Cekaman Panas Dan Perbedaan Awal Waktu Pemberian Pakan. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Suhu pemeliharaan pada masa brooder dan awal waktu pemberian pakan pasca menetas merupakan salah satu faktor utama yang mempengaruhi ketercapaian performa produksi yang optimal pada broiler periode starter. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi respon fisiologis (glukosa darah dan T3) dan performa (pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi pakan, dan konversi pakan) broiler periode starter akibat cekaman panas dan perbedaan awal waktu pemberian pakan. Materi penelitian ini adalah 64 ekor DOC broiler jantan strain Lohmann dengan rataan bobot badan 47,98 ± 2,24 g. Metode penelitian adalah penelitian experimental in vivo menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) faktorial (2x2) dengan 4 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah perlakuan cekaman suhu (S) dan faktor kedua adalah awal waktu pemberian pakan (W). Kombinasi perlakuan sebagai berikut: S1W1= suhu rendah, diberi pakan 12 jam pasca menetas; S1W2= suhu rendah, diberi pakan 24 jam pasca menetas; S2W1= suhu tinggi, diberi pakan 12 jam pasca menetas; S2W2= suhu tinggi, diberi pakan 24 jam pasca menetas. Ternak dipelihara selama 21 hari yang terbagi dalam 16 unit kandang percobaan masing-masing berukuran 1x1x1 m dan dilengkapi dengan tempat pakan, tempat minum, thermometer, thermostat dan lampu pemanas 60 Watt. Data respon fisiologis diambil pada hari ke-0 dan 14 sedangkan data performa diambil secara mingguan. Data yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan uji sidik ragam (ANOVA) dengan bantuan Program Microsoft Excel 2016. Apabila berbeda nyata (P<0,05) atau sangat nyata (P<0,01) dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan’s. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa perlakuan suhu cekaman panas berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap kadar triiodotironin (T3) sedangkan perlakuan awal waktu pemberian pakan tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata. Kadar glukosa darah juga tidak terdapat perbedaan nyata akibat perlakuan. Konsumsi pakan terdapat perbedaan sangat nyata (P<0,01) akibat perlakuan suhu cekaman panas dan awal waktu pemberian pakan. Perlakuan awal waktu pemberian pakan memberikan pengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi pakan. Secara umum, perlakuan terbaik dari penelitian ini adalah S1W1 yang memiliki nilai kadar glukosa darah 246,25 ± 9,91 mg/dl, T3 2,05 ± 0,14 ng/ml, konsumsi pakan 1181,04 ± 8,71 g/ekor, PBB 978,19 ± 51,32 g/ekor dan konversi pakan (FCR) sebesar 1,21 ± 0,06. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah cekaman panas berdampak negatif terhadap respon fisiologis dan performa broiler periode starter. Perbedaan awal waktu pemberian pakan pasca menetas tidak mempengaruhi respon fisiologis namun mempengaruhi konsumsi pakan, PBB dan FCR broiler periode starter.
English Abstract
Temperature during brooder period and initial-time feeding towards post-hatching period is main factor affects the achievement of optimum performance for broilers in starter period. The study was conducted to know psychological (blood glucose and triiodothyronine) and performance (body weight gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion) response of broiler starter due to heat stress and different initial feeding. The material used in this study was 64 male DOC broilers of Lohmann strain with average of initial weight 47.98 ± 2.24 g. The experiment was designed based on Randomized Blok Design with 2x2 factorial and four replications. The first factor was temperature treatment (S) and the second factor was initial feeding (W). The treatment combinations as follow: S1W1= low temperature, feeding 12 hours post-hatching; S1W2 = low temperature, feeding 24 hours post-hatching; S2W1= high temperature, feeding 12 hours post-hatching; S2W2 = high temperature, feeding 24 hours post-hatching. The broilers treated for 21 days divided into 16 units of experimental chicken house with size 1x1x1 m and completed with feeder, drinker, thermometer, thermostat, and heating lamp 60 watt. Data of broiler’s psychological response taken from 0 and 14th day, while data of broiler’s performance taken weekly. The data were analyzed by using ANOVA with the assistance of Microsoft Excel 2016. If there was significant effect (P<0.05) or very significant effect (P<0.01) followed by Duncan’s test. The result showed that heat stress treatment affected significantly (P<0.05) to the triiodothyronine level, while initial-time feeding treatment had no significant effect. Blood glucose level also had no significant effect due to the treatments. Feed consumption had very significant effect (P<0.01) due to heat stress treatment and initial-time feeding. The initial-time feeding treatment had significant effect (P<0.05) to the body weight gain and feed conversion. Over all, the best result from this study was S1W1 treatment with blood glucose 246.25 ± 9.91 mg/dl, T3 2.05 ± 0.14 ng/ml, feed consumption 1181.04 ± 8.71 g/bird, body weight gain 978.19 ± 51.32 g/bird and feed conversion (FCR) 1.21 ± 0.06. It concluded that heat stress affected negatively to the psychological and performance response of broiler starter. The initial-time feeding has no effect to the psychological response; however, it is significantly affected to the feed consumption, body weight gain and FCR in broiler starter period.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | TES/636.5/XIM/r/2018/041802400 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | BROILERS (chickens), FEEDING AND FEEDS, HEAT, TEMPERATURE |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 636 Animal husbandry > 636.5 Chickens and other kinds of domestic birds |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Ilmu Ternak, Fakultas Peternakan |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Apr 2018 06:32 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Oct 2021 00:47 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/9939 |
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