Nadia, Astidhia (2017) Penerapan Pupuk Hayati dan Crotalaria juncea L. terhadap Populasi Mikroba Tanah dan Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Tanaman Tebu RC-1. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Industri gula nasional pernah menempati posisi yang penting dalam sejarah perkembangan dan perindustrian di Indonesia pada tahun 1930-an. Akan tetapi kini keadaan berbalik, peningkatan kebutuhan gula tidak diimbangi dengan peningkatkan produksi gula nasional. Kementrian Pertanian RI memperkirakan kebutuhan gula nasional di tahun 2017 sebesar 6,17 juta ton, sementara produksi gula nasional di tahun yang sama sebesar 3,03 juta ton. Salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi kesenjangan tersebut adalah dengan cara intensifikasi lahan, salah satunya yaitu perbaikan kesuburan tanah dilakukan dengan aplikasi berbagai dosis pupuk anorganik, yang dikombinasikan dengan pupuk hayati dan pupuk hijau berbahan Crotalaria juncea L., sehingga kualitas tanah meningkat dan secara tidak langsung dapat meningkatkan produktivitas tebu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) Mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi pupuk hayati dan C. juncea L. terhadap peningkatan populasi mikroba tanah, dan 2) Mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi pupuk hayati dan C. juncea L. terhadap peningkatan pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman tebu RC-1. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Karangploso dan Laboratorium Bioprocessing Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat (Balittas), Malang, serta Laboratorium Kimia Tanah Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, pada bulan Februari 2017 hingga Juni 2017. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 11 perlakuan. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga diperoleh 33 satuan percobaan. Perlakuan yang diberikan antara lain: 1) tanpa pemberian pupuk, 2) 100% N + 100% P, 3) 100% N + 100% P + pupuk hayati, 4) 75% N + 75% P + pupuk hayati, 5) 50% N + 50% P + pupuk hayati, 6) 100% N + 100% P + C. juncea L., 7) 75% N + 75% P + C. juncea L., 8) 50% N + 50% P + C. juncea L., 9) 100% N + 100% P + pupuk hayati + C. juncea L., 10) 75% N + 75% P + pupuk hayati + C. juncea L., 11) 50% N + 50% P + pupuk hayati + C. juncea L.. Parameter yang diamati meliputi pH, C-organik, NH4+, NO3-, P-tersedia, jumlah anakan, tinggi tanaman, panjang batang produktif, jumlah ruas, diameter batang, populasi bakteri Azospirillum sp., Azotobacter sp., dan bakteri pelarut fosfat. Analisis data menggunakan analisis sidik ragam atau Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dengan software Genstat 12th edition dan apabila berpengaruh nyata maka dilakukan uji lanjut DMRT taraf 5%. Untuk mengetahui hubungan antar dua variabel dilakukan uji korelasi dan regresi linier menggunakan software Ms. Excel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi perlakuan 50% N (250 kg/ha ZA) + 50% P (300 kg/ha Phonska) + 100 kg/ha pupuk hayati, mampu meningkatkan populasi bakteri pelarut fosfat sebesar 236,8%, populasi bakteri Azospirillum sp. sebesar 84,3%, populasi bakteri Azotobacter sp. sebesar 136,1% serta meningkatkan jumlah anakan sebesar 35,8% dibandingkan perlakuan kontrol.
English Abstract
Indonesian sugar industry was an important sector in the history of development and industry in Indonesia. However, after 1930’s the increase in sugar demand was not followed by the improvement of the national sugar supply. Ministry of Agriculture RI calculated that national sugar demand in 2017 is 6.17 million tons, while domestic sugar production in the same year is 3.03 million tons. An effort to increase sugarcane yield is by land intesification. Soil fertility improvement is done by application of various doses of inorganic fertilizer, which combined with biofertilizer and green manure made from Crotalaria juncea L., thus increasing soil quality and can indirectly increase the productivity of sugarcane. The aims of this study was: 1) determine the influence of a combination of biofertilizer and C. juncea L. on soil microbial population, and 2) determine the influence of a combination of biofertilizer and C. juncea L. on vegetative growth of RC-I. The study was conducted at Karangploso Experimental Garden and Bioprocessing Laboratory of Indonesian Research Institute for Sweetness and Fibre Crops, Malang, and Soil Chemistry Laboratory, Soil Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya, Malang, from February 2017 to June 2017. This research using Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 11 treatments. Each treatment was repeated 3 times so that obtained 33 units of experiment. Treatments include: 1) without fertilizer, 2) 100% N + 100% P, 3) 100% N + 100% P + biofertilizer, 4) 75% N + 75% P + biofertilizer, 5) 50% N + 50% P + biofertilizer, 6) 100% N + 100% P + C. juncea L., 7) 75% N + 75% P + C. juncea L., 8) 50% N + 50% P + C. juncea L., 9) 100% N + 100% P + biofertilizer + C. juncea L., 10) 75% N + 75% P + biofertilizer + C. juncea L., 11) 50% N + 50% P + biofertilizer + C. juncea L.. The parameters observed include pH, C-Organic, ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3-), P-available, the number of tillers, plant height, stem length productive, the number of segments, stem diameter, the bacterial population of Azospirillum sp., Azotobacter sp., and phosphate solvent bacteria. Data analysis using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with GENSTAT 12th edition software and if the ANOVA significant then do a further test DMRT level of 5%. To determine the relationship between two variable use correlation and linear regression using Ms. Excel software. This research showed that treatment of 50% N (250 kg/ha ZA) + 50% P (300 kg/ha Phonska) + biofertilizer (100 kg/ha) is the best combination to increase the soil microbial population, such as phosphate solvent bacteria by 236,8%, Azospirillum sp. by 84,3%, and Azotobacter sp. by 136,1%, and increased the number of tillers by 35,8% compared to the control treatment.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2017/786/051711003 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.6 Sugar, syrup, starch crop > 633.63 Sugar beets / Sugar beet > 633.638 9 Sugar beet--Fertilizers |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Dec 2017 03:00 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Oct 2020 10:25 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/7477 |
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