Astutik, Puji and Prof. Dr. Ir. Abdul Latief Abadi, and Ali Pramono, (2023) Pengaruh Pengelolaan Air Dan Bahan Organik Terhadap Intensitas Penyakit Dan Produksi Padi (Oryza Sativa L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Jumlah penduduk yang semakin meningkat juga akan berdampak pada semakin meningkatnya kebutuhan pangan dan air. Efisiensi penggunaan air dapat dilakukan dengan menerapkan pengelolaan air AWD (Alternate Wetting and Drying), dan MiDi (Mid Season Drainage). Penambahan bahan organik dalam budidaya tanaman padi dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produksi padi dan untuk menekan perkembangan penyakit. Penerapan pengelolaan air dan aplikasi bahan organik yang berbeda akan berdampak pada perbedaan lingkungan disekitar tanaman sehingga akan menyebabkan perbedaan kemunculan penyakit, intensitas penyakit, dan produksi padi. Beberapa penyakit penting pada tanaman padi yaitu penyakit bercak cokelat yang disebabkan oleh Helminthosporium oryzae, blas yang disebabkan oleh Pyricularia oryzae, dan Hawar Daun Bakteri yang disebabkan oleh Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mempelajari apakah terdapat pengaruh pengelolaan air dan bahan organik terhadap awal kemunculan, intensitas penyakit blas, bercak cokelat, dan hawar daun bakteri, serta produksi padi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2022 sampai Januari 2023 di Balai Penelitian lingkungan Pertanian (Balingtan). Alat yang dibutuhkan dalam penelitian ini yaitu pipa piezometer, meteran, thermometer max-min, ombrometer, termohigrometer, grain moisture meter, timbangan, dan pipa paralon. Bahan yang dibutuhkan yaitu benih padi varietas Inpari 32, bahan organik (jerami), pupuk anorganik (Urea, SP36, dan KCl), dan plastik. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial (RAKF) dengan faktor pertama yaitu pengelolaan air dan faktor kedua yaitu bahan organik. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data primer dan sekunder. Pengumpulan data primer meliputi awal kemunculan penyakit, intensitas penyakit bercak cokelat, blas, dan hawar daun bakteri, serta produksi padi. Data sekunder meliputi data cuaca yaitu suhu dan kelembaban udara serta curah hujan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa awal kemunculan penyakit bercak cokelat di seluruh perlakuan menunjukkan hasil yang sama, awal kemunculan penyakit blas tercepat terdapat pada perlakuan CF dengan penambahan bahan organik, dan awal kemunculan penyakit hawar daun bakteri tercepat terdapat pada perlakuan CF, AWD, dan MiDi tanpa bahan organik serta perlakuan AWD dengan bahan organik. Perlakuan CF, AWD, MiDi, dan penambahan bahan organik 5 ton/ha, serta interaksi antara kedua perlakuan tersebut menunjukkan hasil tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap intensitas penyakit blas, sedangkan perlakuan CF, AWD, dan MiDi dengan penambahan bahan organik serta CF tanpa bahan organik berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan AWD dan MiDi tanpa bahan organik pada intensitas penyakit hawar daun bakteri 9 MST. Intensitas penyakit bercak cokelat pada perlakuan CF, AWD, dan MiDi dengan penambahan bahan organik berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan CF, AWD, dan MiDi tanpa penambahan bahan organik. Pengaruh pengelolaan bahan organik berpengaruh nyata terhadap produksi padi yaitu hasil Gabah Kering Panen (GKP) dan hasil Gabah Kering Giling (GKG).
English Abstract
The increasing population will also have an impact on the increasing need for food and water. Water use efficiency can be achieved by implementing AWD (Alternate Wetting and Drying) and MiDi (Mid Season Drainage) water management. The addition of organic matter in rice cultivation is carried out to increase rice production and to suppress disease development. The application of water management and the application of different organic matter will have an impact on differences in the environment around the plants so that it will cause differences in disease occurrence, disease intensity, and rice production. Some important diseases in rice plants are brown spot disease caused by Helminthosporium oryzae, blast caused by Pyricularia oryzae, and Bacterial Leaf Blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. The aim of the research was to study whether there was an effect of water and organic matter management on the onset, intensity of blast, brown spot, and bacterial leaf blight, and rice production. The research was carried out from October 2022 to January 2023 at the Agricultural Research Institute. The tools needed in this study are piezometer pipes, meters, max-min thermometers, ombrometers, thermohygrometers, grain moisture meters, scales, and paralon pipes. The materials needed are rice seeds of the Inpari 32 variety, organic materials (straw), inorganic fertilizers (Urea, SP36, and KCl), and plastic. The research design used in this study was a randomized factorial block design with the first factor being water management and the second factor being organic matter. Data collection is done by collecting primary and secondary data. Primary data collection included the onset of disease, intensity of brown spot, blast, and bacterial leaf blight, and rice production. Secondary data includes weather data, namely temperature and humidity as well as rainfall. The results showed that the initial appearance of brown spot disease in all treatments showed the same results, the fastest onset of blast disease was found in the CF treatment with the addition of organic matter, and the fastest onset of bacterial leaf blight was in the CF, AWD, and MiDi treatments without material. organic matter and AWD treatment with organic matter. Treatments CF, AWD, MiDi, and the addition of 5 tons/ha of organic matter, as well as the interaction between the two treatments showed no significant effect on the intensity of blast disease, while the CF, AWD, and MiDi treatments with the addition of organic matter and CF without organic matter were different. significantly with AWD and MiDi treatment without organic matter on bacterial leaf blight intensity 9 WAP. The intensity of brown spot disease in the CF, AWD, and MiDi treatments with the addition of organic matter was significantly different from the CF, AWD, and MiDi treatments without the addition of organic matter. The influence of organic matter management has a significant effect on rice production, namely the yield of dry harvested grain and the yield of dry milled grain.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523040224 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 08 Aug 2023 01:44 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Aug 2023 01:44 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/202342 |
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