Febriantika, Pipit Tandyana and Prof. Ir. Didik Suprayogo, M.Sc., Ph.D (2023) Pengaruh Fitoremediasi terhadap Penurunan TDS (Total Dissolved Solids), TSS (Total Suspended Solids) dan Deterjen dalam Air Irigasi. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Air merupakan salah satu sumber daya yang berperan besar dalam memenuhi kebutuhan manusia. Pemanfaatan sumber daya air dalam pertanian berupa air irigasi memiliki peranan penting salah satunya untuk pertumbuhan tanaman dan mendukung produktivitasnya, namun adanya pencemaran yang timbul dalam air untuk sumber irigasi dapat menimbulkan penurunan kualitas air irigasi yang kemudian berdampak buruk terhadap kualitas lahan maupun bagi hasil tanaman yang dibudidayakan. Kualitas air sebagai sumber irigasi merupakan faktor penting terutama untuk keperluan pertanian organik memerlukan kualitas air yang tinggi sehingga harus disesuaikan dengan standar baku mutu yang telah ditetapkan. Perlu dilakukan upaya perbaikan kualitas air, salah satunya adalah melalui sistem fitoremediasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan kombinasi 12 jenis tanaman fitoremediasi terhadap penurunan TDS, TSS dan Deterjen dalam air irigasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di lahan kolam percobaan air irigasi di Desa Sukorejo, Kabupaten Malang, analisis laboratorium dilakukan di Laboratorium Fisika Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya dan Laboratorium Lingkungan PT Jasa Tirta I Malang. Tanaman fitoremediasi yang digunakan di antaranya yaitu Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia stratiotes L., Equisetum hyemale, Echinodorus palaefolius, Limnocharis flava, Fimbristylis globulosa, Nymphaea sp., Cyperus alternifolius L., Ipomoea aquatica Forssk, Typha angustifolia, Colocasia esculenta dan Vetiveria zizanioides. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 5 perlakuan yang diulang sebanyak 4 kali. P0 perlakuan tanpa tanaman (kontrol), P1 perlakuan kombinasi 3 tanaman, P2 kombinasi 6 tanaman, P3 kombinasi 9 tanaman serta P4 dengan kombinasi 12 tanaman. Parameter TDS diamati setiap satu kali dalam 7 hari sementara untuk parameter TSS serta Deterjen pengamatan dilakukan pada waktu awal dan akhir pemberian perlakuan sistem fitoremediasi. Pemberian perlakuan fitoremediasi dengan memanfaatkan 12 jenis tanaman berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap pernurunan nilai TDS, TSS dan deterjen dalam air irigasi. Penurunan paling tinggi terdapat di perlakuan P1 kombinasi 3 jenis tanaman (eceng gondok, selada air dan kangkung air) terhadap ketiga parameter TDS, TSS dan deterjen. Korelasi antara parameter TDS, TSS serta deterjen dalam air menunjukkan nilai positif di mana nilai tertinggi terdapat antara parameter TSS dengan deterjen (R= 0,9189). Nilai korelasi positif juga diperoleh antara parameter peningkatan biomassa tanaman dengan tingkat penurunan kontaminan dalam air. Nilai korelasi tertinggi adalah antara peningkatan biomassa dengan penurunan deterjen (R= 0,4505). Penerapan fitoremediasi lebih optimal dalam menurunkan kontaminan dengan memanfaatkan tanaman yang memiliki pertumbuhan cepat dan perakaran serabut karena hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan biomassa tanaman dapat melakukan penyerapan kontaminan lebih baik dibandingkan perlakuan dengan perbedaan tingkat keragaman jenis tanaman.
English Abstract
Water is a resource that has major roles in fulfilling human needs. Utilization of water resources in agriculture in the form of irrigation water has important roles, one of which is for plant growth and stabilizing crop yields, but with the pollution that arises in water for irrigation sources over time it may cause decrease in the quality of irrigation water which then has negative impacts on land quality and the yield of cultivated plants. The quality of irrigation water is an important factor, especially for the purposes of organic farming which requires high water quality so that it must be adjusted to the quality standards that have been set. Efforts need to be made in order to improve water quality, one of which is through a phytoremediation system. This study aims to determine the effect of different combinations from 12 types of phytoremediation plants on reducing TDS, TSS and detergent contaminants in irrigation water. This research was conducted in an irrigation water test pond in Sukorejo Village, Malang Regency, laboratory analysis was done at the Laboratory of Soil Physics, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University and at the Environmental Laboratory of PT Jasa Tirta I Malang. The phytoremediation plants used included Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia stratiotes L., Equisetum hyemale, Echinodorus palaefolius, Limnocharis flava, Fimbristylis globulosa, Nymphaea sp., Cyperus alternifolius L., Ipomoea aquatica Forssk, Typha angustifolia, Colocasia esculenta and Vetiveria zizanioides. The Research design used was a randomized block design (RBD) with 5 treatments which were repeated 4 times. P0 treatment without plants (control), P1 treatment with a combination of 3 plants, P2 with a combination of 6 plants, P3 a combination of 9 plants and P4 with a combination of 12 plants. TDS parameter was observed once every 7 days while for TSS and Detergent parameters observations were done at the initial and final week of the phytoremediation system treatment. Treatment of the phytoremediation system using 12 types of plants had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the decrease of TDS, TSS and detergent levels in irrigation water. The highest effect was found in the P1 treatment with a combination of 3 types of plants (water hyacinth, watercress and water spinach) on the three parameters of TDS, TSS and detergent. The correlation between the parameters TDS, TSS and detergent in water shows a positive value where the highest value is between the TSS parameter and detergent (R = 0.9189). A positive correlation value was also obtained between the increase in plant biomass and the decrease in the level of contaminants in the water. The highest correlation value is between the increase in biomass and the decrease in detergent (R= 0.4505). The application of the phytoremediation system is more optimal in reducing contaminants by utilizing plants that have fast growth and fibrous roots because the results of the study show that the effect of increasing plant biomass on increasing the absorption of contaminants is more significant than the effect of differences in the level of diversity of plant species.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523040125 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | PKN 01 UB |
| Date Deposited: | 09 Jun 2023 07:48 |
| Last Modified: | 09 Jun 2023 07:48 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/201368 |
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