Maharani, Octavia Arum and Syahrul Kurniawan, SP.,MP.,Ph.D (2023) Efek Aplikasi Berbagai Dosis Pupuk NPK terhadap Kandungan Unsur Hara Tanah, Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Jagung Manis (Zea mays L. saccharata). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman jagung manis (Zea mays L. saccharata) merupakan salah satu tanaman pangan yang cukup digemari oleh masyarakat karena memiliki rasa yang lebih manis daripada jenis jagung lainnya. Produksi jagung manis di Indonesia masih belum mampu memenuhi kebutuhan jagung nasional dan berakibat pada peningkatan angka impor jagung manis sebesar 6,26% per tahun. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa produksi jagung di Indonesia perlu dioptimalkan melalui upaya perbaikan manajemen pemupukan budidaya jagung. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh pemberian pupuk NPK terhadap kandungan unsur hara tanah, pertumbuhan, dan produksi tanaman jagung manis, serta menentukan dosis optimal untuk pemberian pupuk NPK pada tanaman jagung manis. Penelitian dilakukan di Kelurahan Dadaprejo, Kecamatan Junrejo, Kota Batu, Jawa Timur pada bulan Oktober-Desember 2021. Penelitian dilakukan dengan percobaan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 10 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan untuk setiap perlakuan, sehingga didapatkan 30 plot penelitian. Adapun perlakuan yang diberikan yaitu W0 (kontrol), W1 (100% pupuk tunggal), W2 (25% pupuk majemuk NPK), W3 (50% pupuk majemuk NPK), W4 (75% pupuk majemuk NPK), W5 (100% pupuk majemuk NPK), W6 (125% pupuk majemuk NPK), W7 (150% pupuk majemuk NPK), W8 (175% pupuk majemuk NPK), dan W9 (200% pupuk majemuk NPK). Variabel tanaman yang diamati yaitu tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter tongkol, panjang tongkol, berat tongkol dengan klobot, berat tongkol tanpa klobot dan produksi per ha. Analisis kimia tanah terdiri dari 5 variabel yaitu N-total, P-tersedia, K-dd, pH H2O, dan C-Organik. Analisis data terdiri dari ANOVA (taraf 5%), uji lanjut DMRT (taraf 5%), dan uji korelasi (taraf 5%) menggunakan software Tinn-R. Aplikasi berbagai dosis pupuk NPK memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap kandungan unsur hara, pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman jagung manis. Pengaruh tidak nyata terdapat pada variabel N-total tanah dengan perlakuan 100% pupuk tunggal yang memiliki hasil tertinggi dengan persentase peningkatan terhadap kontrol sebesar 9,67%. Perlakuan 125% pupuk majemuk NPK memiliki hasil tertinggi untuk pH tanah dengan persentase peningkatan terhadap kontrol sebesar 9,67%, perlakuan 175% pupuk majemuk NPK memiliki hasil tertinggi untuk P-tersedia dengan persentase peningkatan terhadap kontrol sebesar 48,8% dan perlakuan 200% pupuk majemuk NPK memiliki hasil tertinggi untuk K-dd dengan persentase peningkatan terhadap kontrol sebesar 60,34%. Tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun juga mengalami peningkatan setiap pengamatan. Perlakuan 200% pupuk majemuk NPK memiliki hasil tertinggi untuk tinggi tanaman pada umur 6 MST (minggu setelah tanam) dengan persentase peningkatan terhadap kontrol sebesar 74,49% dan perlakuan 25% pupuk majemuk NPK memiliki hasil tertinggi untuk jumlah daun pada umur 6 MST (minggu setelah tanam) dengan persentase peningkatan terhadap kontrol sebesar 52,94%. Aplikasi 125% pupuk majemuk NPK mampu menghasilkan produksi per ha lebih tinggi daripada perlakuan lainnya dengan persentase peningkatan terhadap kontrol sebesar 283,34%.
English Abstract
Sweet corn plant (Zea mays L. saccharata) is one of the most cultivated food crops in Indonesia and quite popular with the public because it has sweeter taste than other types of corn. Sweet corn production in Indonesia is still unable to fulfill national corn needs and resulted in an increase in the import rate of sweet corn by 6,26% per year. This shows that corn production in Indonesia needs to be optimized through efforts to improve corn cultivation fertilization management. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of NPK fertilizer application on soil nutrient, growth, and production of sweet corn plants, also to determine the optimal dose for applying NPK fertilizer to sweet corn plants The research was conducted in Dadaprejo Village, Junrejo District, Batu City, East Java in October-December 2021. The study was conducted with a Randomized Block Design (RBD) experiment with 10 treatments and 3 repetitions for each treatment, so that 30 research plots were obtained. The treatments given are W0 (control), W1 (100% single fertilizer), W2 (25% NPK compound fertilizer), W3 (50% NPK compound fertilizer), W4 (75% NPK compound fertilizer), W5 (100% NPK compound fertilizer), W6 (125% NPK compound fertilizer), W7 (150% NPK compound fertilizer), W8 (175% NPK compound fertilizer), and W9 (200% NPK compound fertilizer). The observed plant variables were plant height, number of leaves, cob diameter, cob length, cob weight with clobot, cob weight without clobot and production per ha. Soil chemistry analysis consists of 5 variables which are N-total, P-available, K-dd, pH H2O, and C-Organic. Data analysis consisted of ANOVA (level 5%), DMRT advanced test (level 5%), and correlation test (level 5%) using Tinn-R software The application of various doses of NPK fertilizer has a noticeable influence on the soil nutrient, growth and production of sweet corn crops. The unreal influence was found in the N-total variable with the 100% single fertilizer treatment which had the highest result with 9,67% increase against the control treatment. The 125% NPK compound fertilizer treatment had the highest result for soil pH with 4,38% increase against the control treatment, the 175% NPK compound fertilizer treatment had the highest result for P-available with 48,8% increase against the control treatment and the 200% NPK compound fertilizer treatment had the highest result for K-dd with 60,34% increase against the control treatment. Plant height and number of leaves also increased in every observation. The 200% NPK compound fertilizer treatment had the highest result for plant height at 6 WAP (weeks after planting) with 74,49% increase against the control treatment and the 25% NPK compound fertilizer treatment had the highest result for the number of leaves at 6 WAP (weeks after planting) with 52,94% increase against control treatment. The application of 125% NPK compound fertilizer was able to reach higher production per ha than other treatments with 283,34% increase against control treatment.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523040121 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | PKN 01 UB |
| Date Deposited: | 09 Jun 2023 06:52 |
| Last Modified: | 09 Jun 2023 06:52 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/201351 |
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