Pengaruh Berbagai Jenis Media Tanam dan Pupuk Organik Cair terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Anggrek Dendrobium (Dendrobium lasianthera)

Jannah, Nurul Miftahul and Prof. Dr. Ir. Eko Widaryanto,, SU. (2023) Pengaruh Berbagai Jenis Media Tanam dan Pupuk Organik Cair terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Anggrek Dendrobium (Dendrobium lasianthera). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Anggrek Dendrobium (D. lasianthera) merupakan salah satu genus anggrek favorit bagi pecinta tanaman anggrek karena memiliki keindahan dan keunikan yang menjadi ciri khas, yaitu sepal dan petal yang menyerupai spiral dan memiliki perpaduan warna yang sangat cantik, indah dipandang, dan unik. Anggrek Dendrobium tergolong tumbuhan epifit yang biasanya ditemukan tumbuh pada pohon dan ranting-ranting tanaman inang. Dalam usaha perkebunan tanaman anggrek dapat digunakan beberapa macam media tanam yang sesuai dengan karakteristik akarnya sehingga memudahkan akar tanaman dalam menyerap air dan kebutuhan unsur hara, seperti arang, pakis, sabut kelapa, dan moss. Upaya mencukupi kebutuhan nutrisi tanaman anggrek dapat dilakukan melalui pengaplikasian pupuk organik cair (POC) yang mengandung bahan-bahan organik dengan unsur makro dan mikro lengkap yang berasal dari bahan alami, tanpa masukan bahan kimia yang dapat mencemari lingkungan. Pemilihan media tanam yang baik dan sesuai, serta pengaplikasian pupuk organik cair diharapkan dapat membantu tanaman dalam proses pertumbuhannya dan meningkatkan kualitas tanaman anggrek sehingga dilakukan penelitian ini. Penelitian dilaksanakan di DD Orchids Nursery, Kota Batu, Jawa Timur pada bulan Juni hingga Oktober 2022 yang terletak pada ketinggian 700 mdpl dan memiliki suhu 18oC–30oC. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah soft pot ukuran kecil, ember, pinset, sendok takar, kertas label, dan penggaris. Bahan yang digunakan adalah bibit anggrek Dendrobium lasianthera, POC, arang, sabut kelapa, moss hitam dan pakis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu media tanam dan faktor kedua adalah pemberian POC. Sehingga diperoleh 8 perlakuan di antaranya moss + POC, moss, pakis + POC, pakis, sabut kelapa + POC, sabut kelapa, arang + POC, dan arang. Setiap perlakuan terdiri atas 6 tanaman contoh dan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Parameter pengamatan yang diamati antara lain panjang tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, panjang akar, jumlah akar, jumlah tunas anakan, dan indeks klorofil daun. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan interval waktu sekali dalam 1 bulan, yaitu pada awal tanam, 30, 60, 90, dan 120 HST. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA dengan taraf 5% dan apabila hasil berbeda nyata dilanjutkan uji lanjut dengan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengaplikasian POC tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap pertumbuhan anggrek Dendrobium. Media moss dan media pakis dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman anggrek dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. Media moss menunjukkan peningkatan jumlah daun sebesar 25,08%, jumlah anakan sebesar 33,37%, dan indeks klorofil sebesar 34,01%. Media pakis menunjukkan peningkatan jumlah daun sebesar 45,49%, luas daun sebesar 54,55%, panjang akar sebesar 69,27%, jumlah akar sebesar 74,90%, jumlah tunas anakan sebesar 30,01%, dan indeks klorofil daun sebesar 50,25%.

English Abstract

Dendrobium orchid (D. lasianthera) is one of the favorite orchid genera for orchid lovers because it has beuty and uniqueness that characterizes it, there are sepals and petals that resamble spirals and have a very beautiful color combination. Dendrobium orchids are classified as epiphytic plants that are usually found growing on trees and twigs of host plants. In the orchid plantation business, several types of planting medium can be used according to the characteristics of the roots, making it easier for plant roots to adsorb water and nutrient requirements, such as charcoal, ferns, coconut fiber, and moss. Liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) can supply nutritional needs of orchid which contains organic materials with complete macro and micro elements from natural ingridients without chemicals input that can pollute the environment. Selection of a good and appropriate planting media, as well as the application of liquid organic fertilizer is expected to help plants in the growth process and improve the quality of orchid plants, so this research was carried out. The research was conducted in DD Orchids Nursery, Batu City, East Java from June to October 2022 with an altitude of 700 MSAL and has an average daily temperature of 18oC-30oC. The tools used in this research are small soft pots, buckets, tweezers, measuring cups, meters, paper labels, stationery, and documentation tools. While the material used in this research are bottled seeds of Dendrobium lasianthera orchid, liquid organic fertilizer, water, charcoal, coconut fiber, black moss, and fern. This research used a completely randomized design factorial method with 2 factors. The first factor is planting medium and the second factor is the provision of LOF. So that were 8 treatments including moss + LOF, moss, fern + LOF, fern, coconut fiber + LOF, coconut fiber, charcoal + LOF, and charcoal. That treatment consisted of 6 sample plants and was repeated in 3 times. The observed parameters included plant length, number of leaves, leaf area, root length, number of roots, number of shoots, and index chlorophyll. Observations were made at intervals of once in a month, that are at before planting, 30, 60, 90, and 120 DAT. The observational data were analyzed using ANOVA with a level of 5% and if the results were significally different, the tested continuation of the Honest Significant Difference (HSD) at 5% level. The result showed that the application of LOF did not have a significant effect on the growth of Dendrobium orchids. Moss media and fern media can increase the growth of orchid plants compared to other treatments. Moss media showed an increase in the number of leaves by 25,08%, the number of shoots by 33,37%, and the chlorophyll index by 34,01%. Fern media showed an increase in the number of leaves by 45,49%, leaf area by 54,55%, root length by 69,27%, number of roots by 74,90%, number of shoots by 30,01%, and leaf chlorophyll index by 50,25%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	0523040120
Subjects:	300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi
Depositing User:	PKN 01 UB
Date Deposited:	09 Jun 2023 06:48
Last Modified:	09 Jun 2023 06:48
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/201347

Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO) Nurul Miftahul Jannah.pdf Restricted to Registered users only until 31 December 2025. Download (3MB)

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