Pengaruh Fitoremediasi terhadap Penurunan Kandungan COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) dan DO (Dissolved Oxygen) Air Irigasi

Barokah, Novita Sintia and Prof. Ir. Didik Suprayogo, M. Sc., Ph.D. (2023) Pengaruh Fitoremediasi terhadap Penurunan Kandungan COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) dan DO (Dissolved Oxygen) Air Irigasi. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Syarat pertanian berkelanjutan yaitu salah satunya kualitas air irigasi yang digunakan dalam pertanian. Adanya pencemaran pada air irigasi menyebabkan kualitas air irigasi menurun. Upaya yang dapat diterapkan untuk membantu dalam meningkatkan kualitas air irigasi yaitu dengan fitoremediasi. Fitoremediasi mampu membantu dalam meningkatkan kualitas air irigasi seperti penurunan COD dan peningkatan DO. Penerapan penggunaan fitoremediasi dengan kombinasi tanaman dapat membantu dalam meningkatkan kualitas air irigasi. Penelitian dilakukan di Lahan pertanian Desa Sukorejo, Kecamatan Gondanglegi, Kabupaten Malang pada Mei hingga Agustus 2022. Selanjutnya, sampel air akan dianalisis di Laboratorium Fisika Tanah Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya dan Laboratorium Perum Jasa Tirta II Malang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi berbagai tanaman (diversitas) pada sistem fitoremediasi dalam menurunkan kandungan COD pada air irigasi dan meningkatkan kualitas air. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 5 perlakuan dan ulangan sebanyak 4 kali. Perlakuan tersebut meliputi perlakuan kontrol (tanpa tanaman), fitoremediasi kombinasi 3 tanaman, fitoremediasi kombinasi 6 tanaman, fitoremediasi kombinasi 9 tanaman, dan fitoremediasi kombinasi 12 tanaman. Jenis tanaman yang digunakan meliputi tanaman kayu apu, tanaman kangkung air, tanaman genjer, tanaman eceng gondok, tanaman bambu air, tanaman rumput vetiver, tanaman lembang, tanaman mendong, tanaman siperus, tanaman teratai, tanaman melati air, tanaman talas. Rancangan penelitian dibuat dengan ukuran masing-masing plot 4,5 x 1,8 x 1,3 m. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada perlakuan fitoremediasi dengan 12 jenis tanaman (P4) memiliki kandungan COD paling kecil. Namun perlakuan fitoremediasi dengan 3 jenis tanaman (P1) didapatkan tidak berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan fitoremediasi dengan 12 jenis tanaman (P4). Artinya, perlakuan fitoremediasi dengan 3 jenis tanaman (P1) ini merupakan perlakuan terbaik dalam menurunkan kandungan COD. Pengamatan peningkatan DO didapatkan hasil perlakuan fitoremediasi dengan 12 jenis tanaman (P4) memiliki nilai paling tinggi. Namun, perlakuan fitoremediasi dengan 9 jenis tanaman (P3) memiliki hasil yang tidak berbeda dengan perlakuan fitoremediasi 12 jenis tanaman (P4) dan fitoremediasi dengan 3 jenis tanaman (P1). Artinya, perlakuan fitoremediasi dengan 3 jenis tanaman (P1) merupakan perlakuan terbaik dalam meningkatkan DO. Biomassa tanaman tiap perlakuan mengalami peningkatan yaitu (P1) sebanyak 98,27 kg, (P4) 92,17 kg, (P3) 68,73 kg, serta (P2) sebanyak 14,63 kg. Hubungan korelasi antara biomassa dengan kandungan COD didapatkan sebesar -0,4953 dan korelasi dengan kandungan DO sebesar 0,3199.

English Abstract

One of the conditions for sustainable agriculture is the quality of the irrigation water used in agriculture. Pollution in irrigation water causes the quality of irrigation water to decrease. Efforts that can be implemented to assist in improving the quality of irrigation water is by phytoremediation. Phytoremediation can help improve the quality of irrigation water, such as decreasing COD and increasing DO. The application of the use of phytoremediation with a combination of plants can assist in improving the quality of irrigation water. The research was conducted in the agricultural land of Sukorejo Village, Gondanglegi District, Malang Regency from May to August 2022. Furthermore, water samples will be analyzed at the Soil Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University and the Laboratory of Perum Jasa Tirta II Malang. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the effect of a combination of various plants (diversity) in the phytoremediation system in reducing the COD content in irrigation water and improving water quality. The research was conducted using a randomized block design (RBD) method with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments included control treatment (without plants), phytoremediation combination of 3 plants, phytoremediation of combination of 6 plants, phytoremediation of combination of 9 plants, and phytoremediation of combination of 12 plants. Types of plants used include water spinach plants, water spinach plants, genjer plants, water hyacinth plants, water bamboo plants, vetiver grass plants, lembang plants, mendong plants, siperus plants, lotus plants, water jasmine plants, taro plants. The research design was made with a plot size of 4.5 x 1.8 x 1.3 m. The results showed that the phytoremediation treatment with 12 types of plants (P4) had the lowest COD content. However, the phytoremediation treatment with 3 types of plants (P1) was not significantly different from the phytoremediation treatment with 12 types of plants (P4). This means that the phytoremediation treatment with 3 types of plants (P1) is the best treatment in reducing COD content. Observations of an increase in DO obtained from the results of phytoremediation treatment with 12 types of plants (P4) had the highest value. However, the phytoremediation treatment with 9 types of plants (P3) did not differ from the 12 types of plants (P4) and 3 types of plants (P1). This means that the phytoremediation treatment with 3 types of plants (P1) is the best treatment for increasing DO. Plant biomass for each treatment increased (P1) by 98,27 kg, (P4) 92,17 kg, (P3) 68,73 kg, and (P2) by 14,63 kg. The correlation between biomass and COD content was -0,4953 and the correlation with DO content was 0,3199.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	0523040116
Subjects:	300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi
Depositing User:	PKN 01 UB
Date Deposited:	09 Jun 2023 06:21
Last Modified:	09 Jun 2023 06:21
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/201329

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