Ningrum, Nanda Surya and Dr.Agr.Sc Hagus Tarno, SP.MP. (2023) Keanekaragaman Arthropoda Pada Tanaman Singkong di Kecamatan Pogalan, Kabupaten Trenggalek, Jawa Timur. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman singkong ((Manihot esculenta) berasal dari Brasil, Amerika Selatan, dan merupakan pertanian penting di daerah tropis dan subtrropis (Soetanto, 2008). Merupakan salah satu komoditas pangan alternatif dengan produksi yang tinggi, Indonesia masuk dalam 3 negara penghasil singkong terbesar di dunia. Kabupaten Trenggalek merupakan salah satu daerah di Jawa Timur dengan penghasil singkong terbesar, pada tahun 2018 tercatat mampu menghasilkan produksi 264.430 ton (BPS Kabupaten Trenggalek, 2018). Pada proses budidaya mengalami beberapa kendala dari beberapa factor. Seprti faktor aspek budidaya, iklim, lingkungan dan serangan hama penyakit. Perlu adanya informasi mengenai keanekaragaman arthropoda khususnya di Kecamatan Pogalan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli 2022 sampai bulan Agustus 2022. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada lahan singkong monokultur dan polikultur. Metode yang digunakan untuk pengambilan sampel arthropoda dilakukan dengan 2 cara yaitu pengambilan langsung pada daun dan perangkap pitfall. Pengambilan langsung pada daun bagian atas, tengah dan bawah, dengan mengambil 25 sampel tanaman pada masing-masing lahan. Perangkap pitfall setiap plot pengamatan terdapat 5 petak lahan dengan ukuran masing-masing petak 5 x 5 m. Setiap petak dipasang 4 perangkap pit fall yang ditempatkan secara acak. Pengamatan 1 kali dalam seminggu hingga 5 kali pengamatan. Arthropoda yang ditemukan diidentifikasi. Variabel yang diamati yaitu jumlah ordo, famili serta jumlah individu dari setiap ordo dan famili arthropoda yang diperoleh yang selanjutnya dilakukan analisa data. Data dianalisa dengan Uji T menggunakan Microsoft Excel 2019 . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan arthropoda yang didapat secara keseluruhan berjumlah 2030 individu yang terdiri dari 6 ordo serta terdapat 11 famili dan 17 genus. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan Indeks Keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener (H’) didapatkan pada monokultur 1 (1,54), monokultur 2 (1,61), polikultur 1 (1,73) dan polikultur 2 lebih tinggi dari yang lain (1,75) akan tetapi semuanya berada pada kategori sedang. Pada indeks Dominasi didapatkan hasil lahan monokultur 1 (0,19), lahan monokultur 2 (0,24), lahan polikultur 1 (0,21) dan lahan polikultur 2 (0,22) berada pada kategori rendah di semua penggunaan lahan. Sedangkan indeks kemerataan didapatkan hasil lahan monokultur 1 sebesar (0,64), pada lahan monokultur 2 (0,67), lahan polikultur 1 sebesar (0,72) dan paling tinggi pada lahan polikultur 2 sebesar (0,73). Dengan hasil indeks keanekaragaman lahan singkong polikultur lebih tinggi daripada lahan singkong monokultur, meskipun pada kategori yang sama yaitu sedang. Tidak ada dominansi suatu arthropoda pada masing-masing lahan. Sehingga nilai indeks kemerataan menunjukkan persebaran arthropoda pada masing-masing lahan merata. Hasil analisis data uji T menunjukkan nilai P (< 0,08) tidak berbeda nyata. Bahwa tidak ada pengaruh signifikan pada pola petanaman singkong monokultur dan polikultur, karena pada masing-masing tanaman tidak dilakukan perawatan yang intensif.
English Abstract
The cassava plant (Manihot esculenta) originates from Brazil, South America, and is an important agriculture in the tropics and subtropics (Soetanto, 2008). It is one of the alternative food commodities with high production, Indonesia is included in the 3 largest cassava producing countries in the world. Trenggalek Regency is one of the areas in East Java with the largest cassava producer, in 2018 it was recorded as capable of producing 264,430 tonnes (BPS Trenggalek Regency, 2018).The cultivation process experienced several obstacles from several factors, such as aspects of cultivation, climate, environment and pest attack There is a need for information on the diversity of arthropods, especially in the District of Pogalan. This research was conducted from July 2022 to August 2022. Sampling was carried out on monoculture and polyculture cassava fields. The method used for sampling arthropods was carried out in 2 ways, namely direct collection on leaves and pitfall traps. Direct collection of the upper, middle and lower leaves, by taking 25 plant samples from each field. Pitfall traps in each observation plot there are 5 plots of land with the size of each plot 5 x 5 m. Each plot has 4 randomly placed pit fall traps. Observations 1 time a week up to 5 observations. The arthropods found were identified. The variables observed were the number of orders, families and the number of individuals from each order and family of arthropods obtained, which were then analyzed for data. Data was analyzed by T-test using Microsoft Excel 2019. The results showed that the total number of arthropods obtained was 2030 individuals consisting of 6 orders and there were 11 families and 17 genus. Based on the results of the calculation of the Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (H'), it was found that monoculture 1 (1.54), monoculture 2 (1.61), polyculture 1 (1.73) and polyculture 2 were higher than the others (1.75). but all are in the medium category. In the dominance index, the yields of monoculture 1 land (0.19), monoculture 2 land (0.24), polyculture 1 land (0.21) and polyculture 2 land (0.22) were in the low category for all land uses. While the evenness index obtained the yield of monoculture 1 land was (0.64), in monoculture 2 land (0.67), polyculture 1 land was (0.72) and the highest was in polyculture 2 land was (0.73). With the results of the diversity index of polyculture cassava land is higher than monoculture cassava land, even though it is in the same category, namely medium. There is no dominance of an arthropod in each land. So the evenness index value shows the distribution of arthropods in each land evenly. The results of the T-test data analysis showed that the P value (<0.08) was not significantly different. That there is no significant effect on monoculture and polyculture cassava planting patterns, because each plant is not treated intensively.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523040112 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | PKN 01 UB |
| Date Deposited: | 09 Jun 2023 02:58 |
| Last Modified: | 09 Jun 2023 02:58 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/201283 |
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