Kelimpahan dan Keanekaragaman Bakteri Endofit pada Dua Spesies Paku Tanduk Rusa (Platycerium spp.) serta Potensinya sebagai Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria

Mufidah, Khansa Naura and Luqman Qurata Aini, SP., M.Si., Ph.D (2023) Kelimpahan dan Keanekaragaman Bakteri Endofit pada Dua Spesies Paku Tanduk Rusa (Platycerium spp.) serta Potensinya sebagai Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Tanaman paku tanduk rusa atau yang memiliki nama latin Platycerium spp. di Indonesia umumnya dikenal sebagai tanaman hias yang banyak dibudidayakan pada taman atau kebun. Selain dikenal dengan nama paku tanduk rusa tanaman ini juga seringkali disebut simbar menjangan atau dalam bahasa Inggris dikenal sebagai staghorn fern dan elkhorn fern. Paku tanduk rusa merupakan genus tanaman dari famili Polypodiiaceae atau suku paku sejati (Schoch, 2020). Terdapat sebanyak 18 spesies paku tanduk rusa yang tersebar di berbagai wilayah di dunia. Sebanyak 7 dari 18 spesies dapat ditemukan di Indonesia (Kreier & Schneider, 2006). Informasi mengenai bakteri endofit pada tanaman paku tanduk rusa memiliki potensi yang cukup baik mengingat tanaman ini memiliki harga jual yang cukup baik dan mampu meningkatkan perekonomian terutama bagi warga yang tinggal di sekitaran hutan. Eksplorasi dan isolasi bakteri endofit ini nantinya mampu memberikan wawasan baru mengenai bakteri yang bermanfaat bagi perbanyakan paku tanduk rusa, sehingga mampu mengurangi input kimia tambahan, melestarikan kelimpahan tanaman tersebut di alam, dan juga berpotensi sebagai bakteri PGPB bagi tanaman lain. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2022 – Desember 2022. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan mengambil sebagian perakaran tanaman paku tanduk rusa yang terdapat di kebun Lily Harvest yang bertempat di Jalan Raya Selekta No. 87, Kelurahan Punten, Kecamatan Bumiaji, Kota Batu, Jawa Timur. Adapun isolasi bakteri, karakterisasi dan identifikasi bakteri, serta uji aktivitas PGPB dilakukan di Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh 40 isolat dari spesies Platycerium wandae dan 23 isolat dari Platycerium coronarium. Penentuan isolat didasarkan pada karakteristik morfologi koloni bakteri. Terdapat perbedaan kelimpahan pada dua spesies yang dikaji. Platycerium wandae memiliki kelimpahan bakteri endofit sebanyak 2,11 x 105 CFU/ml dan Platycerium coronarium sebanyak 1,09 x 105 CFU/ml. Perbedaan kelimpahan ini dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa hal di antaranya usia tanaman, genotipe tanaman, ketinggian tanaman pada pohon inang, serta faktor lingkungan baik biotik maupun abiotik. Berdasarkan perhitungan indeks keanekaragaman, diketahui bahwa kedua spesies memiliki indeks keanekaragamn yang tergolong ke dalam kategori sedang, sehingga perbedaan nilai tersebut tidak dapat dikatakan signifikan. Hasil perhitungan indeks dominansi pada kedua spesies juga tidak berbeda secara signifikan, yang keduanya menunjukkan indikasi bahwa tidak terdapat isolat yang mendominasi. Selanjutnya berdasarkan hasil perhitungan keseragaman diketahui bahwa keduanya memiliki indeks keseragaman yang rendah dan tidak berbeda secara signifikan. Adapun kelimpahan bakteri berpotensi PGPB diketahui lebih tinggi pada P. wandae yaitu 1,001 x 106 CFU/ml dibandingkan dengan P. coronarium yaitu 2,100 x 103 CFU/ml. Berdasar pada pemaparan tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa perbedaan indeks keanekaragaman, dominansi, dan keseragaman tidak berbeda secara signifikan. Hal ini dikarenakan, tanaman sampel berada pada tempat yang sama dalam kurun waktu tertentu setelah diambil dari habitat aslinya. Hal ini berpengaruh terhadap tingkat keanekaragaman, dominansi, dan keseragaman yang tidak berbeda jauh pada masing – masing spesies

English Abstract

Deer antler ferns or those with the scientific name Platycerium spp. in Indonesia it is generally known as an ornamental plant which is widely cultivated in parks or gardens. Besides being known as staghorn ferns, this plant is also often called simbar menjangan or in English known as staghorn fern and elkhorn fern. Staghorn ferns are a genus of plants from the family Polypodiiaceae or the true fern tribe (Schoch, 2020). There are as many as 18 species of deer antler spikes scattered in various regions of the world. As many as 7 out of 18 species can be found in Indonesia (Kreier & Schneider, 2006). Information on endophytic bacteria in deer antler ferns has good potential considering that these plants have a fairly good selling price and are able to improve the economy, especially for residents who live around the forest. Exploration and isolation of these endophytic bacteria will be able to provide new insights about bacteria that are beneficial for the propagation of deer antler ferns, thereby reducing additional chemical input, preserving the abundance of these plants in nature, and also having the potential as PGPB bacteria for other plants. This research was conducted in September 2022 – December 2022. Sampling was carried out by taking some of the roots of the staghorn ferns found in the Lily Harvest garden which is located on Jalan Raya Selekta No. 87, Punten Village, Bumiaji District, Batu City, East Java. The isolation of bacteria, characterization and identification of bacteria, as well as PGPB activity tests were carried out at the Laboratory of Plant Diseases, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya. Based on the research that has been done, 40 isolates were obtained from the species Platycerium wandae and 23 isolates from Platycerium coronarium. The determination of isolates is based on the morphological characteristics of the bacterial colonies. There are differences in the abundance of the two species studied. Platycerium wandae had an abundance of 2.11 x 105 CFU/ml endophytic bacteria and 1.09 x 105 CFU/ml for Platycerium coronarium. This difference in abundance can be influenced by several things including plant age, plant genotype, plant height on the host tree, as well as environmental factors both biotic and abiotic. Based on the calculation of the diversity index, it is known that both species have a diversity index belonging to the medium category, so that the difference in value cannot be said to be significant. The results of the dominance index calculations for the two species were also not significantly different, both of which indicated that there were no isolates that dominated. Furthermore, based on the results of uniformity calculations, it is known that both have a low uniformity index and are not significantly different. The abundance of potential PGP bacteria is known to be higher in P. wandae, which is 1.001 x 106 CFU/ml compared to P. coronarium, which is 2.100 x 103 CFU/ml. Based on this explanation, it can be concluded that the differences in diversity, dominance, and uniformity indices were not significantly different. This is because the sample plants are in the same place for a certain period of time after being taken from their natural habitat. This affects the level of diversity, dominance, and uniformity which is not much different in each species.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	0523040086
Subjects:	300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi
Depositing User:	PKN 01 UB
Date Deposited:	07 Jun 2023 06:44
Last Modified:	07 Jun 2023 06:44
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/201095

Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO) Khansa Naura Mufidah.pdf Restricted to Registered users only until 31 December 2025. Download (3MB)

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