Yamami, Julyana Marbella and Puji Wicaksono, SP.,MP.,Ph.D (2022) Pengaruh Warna Sungkup Plastik terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Bayam Merah (Alternanthera sp.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Bayam merah (Alternanthera sp.) digemari oleh semua lapisan masyarakat karena memiliki banyak kegunaan bagi kesehatan tubuh manusia. Tanaman sayuran ini mengandung sumber protein, vitamin A dan vitamin C serta sedikit vitamin B dan mengandung garam-garam mineral seperti kalsium, pospor, dan besi. Bayam merah juga bermanfaat sebagai zat pewarna, tanaman hias, obat pencuci perut dan sebagainya. Seiring berjalannya waktu, produksi bayam semakin meningkat setiap tahunnya karena kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya mengkonsumsi sayuran dan berkembangnya usaha yang menggunakan bahan baku bayam merah. Cahaya matahari adalah sumber energi utama bagi kehidupan makhluk hidup. Bagi tumbuhan, cahaya matahari sangat menentukan proses fotosintesis. Fotosintesis merupakan proses dasar tumbuhan untuk menghasilkan makanan. Tidak semua energi cahaya matahari dapat diabsorpsi oleh tanaman. Hanya cahaya tampak saja yang dapat berpengaruh pada tanaman dalam kegiatan fotosintesisnya. Cahaya itu disebut dengan PAR (Photosynthetic Activity Radiation) dan mempunyai panjang gelombang 400 mili micron sampai 750 mili micron atau dengan kata lain cahaya tampak ungu hingga merah. Tanaman juga memberikan respon yang berbeda terhadap tingkatan pengaruh cahaya. Penggunaan sungkup plastik dapat memodifikasi penyerapan kualitas cahaya matahari dan menyebabkan penyerapan sinar matahari menjadi relatif lebih sempurna. Sinar matahari menjadi salah satu faktor penting yang dibutuhkan tanaman dalam proses metabolisme melalui fotosintesis. Penggunaan plastik transparan berwarna dapat menyaring sinar matahari yang akan diserap oleh tanaman. Sehingga tanaman tidak akan menerima kelebihan cahaya ataupun mengalami keterhambatan fotosintesis. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Karangploso, Desa Kapuharjo, Telasih, Kecamatan Karangploso, Kota Malang, Jawa Timur pada bulan April sampai dengan Juni 2019. Penelitian dilaksanakan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan tersebut ialah S0: Tanpa Sungkup (kontrol), S1 : Sungkup plastik warna merah, S2 : Sungkup plastik warna kuning, S3 : Sungkup plastik warna hijau, S4 : Sungkup plastik warna biru, dan S5 : Sungkup plastik warna putih. Variabel pengamatan pertumbuhan dilakukan dengan mengamati enam tanaman contoh secara berkala untuk setiap perlakuan pada saat tanaman berumur 7,14, 21, dan 28 hst yaitu pengamatan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun dan pengamatan hasil panen saat 35 hst yaitu bobot segar total panen, dan bobot kering total panen. Data hasil pengamatan selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA) dari rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan taraf 5% dan uji BNT. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, penggunaan sungkup plastik berwarna biru memberikan pertumbuhan dan hasil produksi terbaik pada tanaman bayam merah (Alternanthera sp.)
English Abstract
Red spinach (Alternanthera sp.) is favored by all levels of society because it has many uses for the health of the human body. This vegetable plant contains a source of protein, vitamin A and vitamin C and a little vitamin B and contains mineral salts such as calcium, phosphorus, and iron. Red spinach is also useful as a coloring agent, ornamental plants, laxatives and so on. Red Spinach production increases every year due to public awareness of the importance of consuming vegetables and the development of businesses that use raw ingredients of red spinach. In general, red spinach cultivation is carried out by farmers in an open environment. One of the impacts during the rainy season was that it was hit by the heavy rain that made farmers lose their yield, while during the dry season farmers experienced a decline in quality due to being attacked by pests and diseases. Therefore it is necessary to improve cultivation technology through engineering microclimates to increase growth and optimum crop yield. One of them is the use of home plants, namely convex plastic cover. The cost of making plastic cover is more efficient than conventional methods. The use of plastic causes the absorption of sunlight to be relatively more perfect. Sunlight is one of the important factors needed by plants in metabolic processes through photosynthesis. The use of transparent colored plastic can filter sunlight which will be absorbed by plants. So that plants will not receive excess light or experience photosynthetic inhibition. This research was conducted at Karangploso District, Malang in March 2019 until May 2019. This research will be carried out using a Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments are S0: No Convex Plastic (control), S1: Red plastic lid, S2: Yellow plastic lid, S3: Green plastic lid, S4: Blue plastic lid, and S5: White color plastic lid. Growth observation variables were carried out by observing six sample plants periodically for each treatment when plants were 7.14, 21, and 28 days old, namely observations of plant height, number of leaves, leaf area and observation of yield when 35 days after planting, which is the fresh weight of total harvest and total dry weight of the harvest. In addition, environmental observations were carried out including measurements of soil moisture, soil temperature and light intensity. The results of the observations were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) from a randomized block design (RBD) with a level of 5% and BNT test. Based on the results of the study, the use of blue plastic covers provided the best growth and yield for red spinach (Alternanthera sp.).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522040584 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | PKN 01 UB |
| Date Deposited: | 07 Jun 2023 06:29 |
| Last Modified: | 07 Jun 2023 06:29 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/201089 |
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