Potensi Limbah Industri Kertas dalam Meningkatkan Unsur Hara Makro Sekunder, Pertumbuhan, dan Kualitas Umbi Tanaman Bawang Merah

Swastyayana, Galuh and Syahrul Kurniawan and Novalia Kusumarini (2023) Potensi Limbah Industri Kertas dalam Meningkatkan Unsur Hara Makro Sekunder, Pertumbuhan, dan Kualitas Umbi Tanaman Bawang Merah. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Produksi bawang merah mengalami peningkatan dalam 5 tahun terakhir. Peningkatan produksi harus diikuti dengan perbaikan kesuburan tanah melalui peningkatan bahan organik serta unsur hara makro esensial di dalam tanah. Industri kertas dalam kegiatannya menggunakan bahan baku kayu dan bubur kertas yang berasal dari kertas bekas lain yang memiliki potensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber bahan organik dan unsur hara makro esensial sekunder (Ca, Mg, S) tanah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni untuk menganalisis pengaruh aplikasi kombinasi limbah kertas sludge dengan pupuk anorganik terhadap ketersediaan hara tanah dan serapan hara Ca, Mg, dan S, serta mempelajari pengaruh aplikasi kombinasi limbah kertas sludge dengan pupuk anorganik terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman bawang merah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli 2021 - Maret 2022 di lahan percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya yang terletak di Kelurahan Jatimulyo, Kota Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 9 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari: (L0) kontrol, (L1) 100% pupuk anorganik, (L2) 100% pupuk anorganik + 100% sludge limbah kertas, (L3) 75% pupuk anorganik + 50% sludge limbah kertas, (L4) 75% pupuk anorganik + 100% sludge limbah kertas, (L5) 75% pupuk anorganik + 150% sludge limbah kertas, (L6) 50% pupuk anorganik + 50% sludge limbah kertas, (L7) 50% pupuk anorganik + 100% sludge limbah kertas, (L8) 50% pupuk anorganik + 150% sludge limbah kertas. Parameter pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman yang diamati yaitu panjang tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter umbi per rumpun, jumlah umbi per rumpun,dan berat kering umbi per rumpun. Parameter serapan unsur hara tanaman dan kandungan unsur hara tanah yang diamati yaitu kandungan Ca, Mg, dan S. Data dianalisis ragam (ANOVA) taraf 5%, apabila hasil analisis ragam terdapat beda nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut DMRT taraf 5%. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan software Rstudio dan Microsoft Excel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi kombinasi sludge limbah kertas dan pupuk anorganik dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi bawang merah. Pemberian kombinasi sludge limbah kertas dan pupuk anorganik dapat meningkatkan diameter umbi sebesar 33,5% dan berat kering umbi 121,3% dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Sludge memiliki potensi untuk digunakan sebagai bahan pembenah tanah organik karena dapat meningkatkan kesuburan tanah serta serapan hara tanaman bawang merah. Perlakuan L5 (75% pupuk anorganik + 150% sludge limbah kertas) memberikan peningkatan terbaik untuk semua parameter pertumbuhan tanaman, produksi tanaman, kesuburan tanah, dan serapan hara tanaman.

English Abstract

Shallot production has increased in the last 5 years. The increased of production must be followed by improving of soil fertility by increasing organic matter and essential macronutrients in the soil. The paper industry in its activities uses wood and pulp as raw materials from other waste paper which has the potential to be used as a source of organic matter and secondary essential macronutrients (Ca, Mg, S) in the soil. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the combined application of sludge paper waste with inorganic fertilizer on soil nutrient availability and nutrient uptake of Ca, Mg, and S, and to study the effect of the combined application of sludge paper waste with inorganic fertilizer on the growth and production of shallots. This research was carried out in July 2021 - March 2022 in the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya, located in Jatimulyo Village, Malang City. This study used a randomized block design with 9 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments consisted of: (L0) control, (L1) 100% inorganic fertilizer, (L2) 100% inorganic fertilizer + 100% paper waste sludge, (L3) 75% inorganic fertilizer + 50% paper waste sludge, (L4) 75% inorganic fertilizer + 100% paper waste sludge, (L5) 75% inorganic fertilizer + 150% paper waste sludge, (L6) 50% inorganic fertilizer + 50% paper waste sludge, (L7) 50% inorganic fertilizer + 100% paper waste sludge , (L8) 50% inorganic fertilizer + 150% waste paper sludge. The parameters of plant growth and production observed were plant length, number of leaves, tuber diameter per clump, number of tubers per clump, and dry weight of tuber per clump. The parameters of plant nutrient uptake and soil nutrient content observed were the content of Ca, Mg, and S. The data were analyzed for variance (ANOVA) at 5% level, if the results of the analysis of variance were significantly different, then proceed with the DMRT further test at 5% level. The analysis was carried out using Rstudio software and Microsoft Excel. The results showed that the application of a combination of paper waste sludge and inorganic fertilizer could increase the growth and production of shallots. The combination of paper waste sludge and inorganic fertilizer increased tuber diameter by 33.5% and tuber dry weight by 121.3% compared to control. Sludge has the potential to be used as an organic soil enhancer because it can increase soil fertility and nutrient uptake of shallots. The L5 treatment (75% inorganic fertilizer + 150% paper waste sludge) gave the best improvement for all parameters of plant growth, crop production, soil fertility, and plant nutrient uptake.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	0523040071
Subjects:	300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi
Depositing User:	Nur Cholis
Date Deposited:	06 Jun 2023 07:47
Last Modified:	06 Jun 2023 07:47
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/200947

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