Pengaruh Konsentrasi Bahan Aktif Fluazinam 200 + Dimetomorf 200 SC terhadap Keanekaragaman Jamur Rizosfer Non-Target pada Tanaman Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.)

Rafandha, Fritztha and Dr. Ir. Mintarto Martosudiro and Fery Abdul Choliq and Agung Wicaksono (2023) Pengaruh Konsentrasi Bahan Aktif Fluazinam 200 + Dimetomorf 200 SC terhadap Keanekaragaman Jamur Rizosfer Non-Target pada Tanaman Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Peningkatan harga Cabai rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.) dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor. Salah satunya adalah serangan organisme penganggu Tanaman (OPT) seperti penyakit antraknosa yang menyebabkan kegagalan panen hingga mencapai 90%. Untuk itu, dilakukan pengendalian terhadap penyakit antraknosa yang menyerang Tanaman Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.) dengan mengaplikasikan fungisida. Salah satu fungisida yang digunakan adalah fungisida sintesis berbahan aktif Fluazinam dan Dimetomorf. Tetapi, pengaplikasian fungisida sintetis yang berlebih, tidak hanya mengendalikan jamur patogen penyebab penyakit tanaman, namun dapat berdampak terhadap keanekaragaman hayati yang ada di tanah, seperti jamur rizosfer yang merupakan jamur potensial didaerah sekitar perakaran tanaman. Untuk itu, Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi fungisida Fluazinam dan Dimetomorf yang dapat mengendalikan penyakit antraknosa secara efektif, namun tidak mempengaruhi jamur rizosfer non-target di tanah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Greenhouse dan Laboratorium Mikrobiologi PT Petrosida Gresik, Kabupaten Gresik, Jawa Timur. Kegiatan penelitian dilaksanakan mulai dari bulan September 2022 hingga Desember 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan, yang meliputi perlakuan kontrol, perlakuan fluazinam tunggal, perlakuan dimetomorf tunggal, dan perlakuan kombinasi Fluazinam dan Dimetomorf pada konsentrasi 1 ml.l-1; 0,75 ml.l-1; 0.5 ml.l-1. Pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan dengan tahapan persiapan dan kegiatan penelitian. Tahapan persiapan yang dilakukan yaitu meliputi pembuatan media EKG agar dan budidaya tanaman cabai rawit. Sedangkan, kegiatan penelitian yang dilakukan meliputi inokulasi penyakit antraknosa, aplikasi fungisida, pengambilan sampel tanah, isolasi, purifikasi, dan identifikasi jamur rizosfer non-target. Berdasarkan tingkat efikasi dalam mengendalikan penyakit antraknosa diperoleh bahwa Fluazinam memiliki efektivitas 56%, Dimetomorf 59%, perlakuan Fluazinam dan Dimetomorf 1 (1 ml.l-1) memiliki efektivitas 90%, perlakuan Fluazinam dan Dimetomorf 2 (0,75 ml.l-1) memiliki efektivitas 91% dan Fluazinam dan Dimetomorf 3 (0.5 ml.l-1) memiliki efektivitas 82%. Hasil eksplorasi jamur rizofer non-target pada seluruh perlakuan diperoleh sebanyak 12 isolat yang meliputi genus Trichoderma (2), Aspergillus (3), Fusarium (1), Gliocladium (1), Cunninghamella (1), Mucor (1) dan 3 isolat yang belum diketahui. Pada pengamatan indeks keanekaragaman jamur, diperoleh bahwa pada perlakuan kombinasi dapat menurunkan keanekaragaman jamur jika dibandingkan dengan perlakuan tunggal dan kontrol.

English Abstract

The increase in the price of cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) can be caused by various factors. One of them is the attack of Plant Pests and Diseases such as Anthracnose disease which causes crop failures of up to 90%. For this reason, control of anthracnose disease that attacks Cayenne Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) is carried out by applying fungicides. One of the fungicides that can be used is a synthetic fungicide with active ingredients Fluazinam and Dimethomorph. However, the excessive application of synthetic fungicides not only controls pathogenic fungi that cause plant diseases, but can also affect the biodiversity in the soil, such as rhizosphere fungi which are potential fungi in the area around plant roots. For this reason, this study aims to determine the concentration of the fungicide Fluazinam and Dimetomorph, which can control anthracnose disease effectively, but does not affect non-target rhizosphere fungi in soil. This research was conducted at the Greenhouse and Microbiology Laboratory of PT Petrosida Gresik, Gresik Regency, East Java. Research activities were accomplished from September 2022 to December 2022. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 4 replications, which included a control treatment, a single fluazinam treatment, a single dimethomorph treatment, and a combination treatment of Fluazinam and Dimethomorph at concentration 1 ml.l-1; 0.75 ml.l-1; 0.5 ml.l-1. Implementation of research was done with the stages of preparation and research activities. The preparatory stages carried out included making EKG agar media and cultivating cayenne pepper plants. Meanwhile, research activities carried out included inoculation of anthracnose disease, fungicide application, soil sampling, isolation, purification, and identification of non-target rhizosphere fungi. Based on the level of efficacy in controlling anthracnose disease, it was found that Fluazinam had 56% effectiveness, Dimetomorph 59%, Fluazinam, and Dimetomorph 1 (1 ml.l-1) treatment had 90% effectiveness, Fluazinam and Dimetomorph 2 treatment (0.75 ml.l-1) 1) has 91% effectiveness and Fluazinam and Dimetomorph 3 (0.5 ml.l-1) has 82% effectiveness. The results of the exploration of non-target rhizosphere fungi in all treatments obtained as many as 12 isolates including the genus Trichoderma (2), Aspergillus (3), Fusarium (1), Gliocladium (1), Cunninghamella (1), Mucor (1) and 3 isolates that not yet known. In the observation of the mushroom diversity index, it was found that the combination treatment reduced the diversity of fungi when compared to the single treatment and control.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	0523040069
Subjects:	300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi
Depositing User:	Nur Cholis
Date Deposited:	06 Jun 2023 07:29
Last Modified:	06 Jun 2023 07:29
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/200931

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