Wicaksono, Firman Budi and Dr. Darmawan Saptadi (2023) Pengaruh Diameter Bonggol Terhadap Kuantitas dan Kualitas Pertumbuhan Benih Pisang Sang Mulyo (Musa acuminata L. var. FHIA-17) pada Sistem Perbanyakan Pecah Bonggol. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Pisang merupakan tanaman yang sering dimanfaatkan buahnya oleh seluruh lapisan masyarakat. Pisang sering dimanfaakan sebagai buah meja atau sebagai bahan olahan makanan. Pisang mengandung karbohidrat, vitamin C, vitamin A, dan serat. Pisang bermanfaat bagi kesehatan pencernaan. Kandungan karbohidrat yang tinggi pada pisang juga bermanfaat sebagai pengganti makanan pokok. Pisang Sang Mulyo adalah pisang introduksi dan merupakan kultivar yang memiliki nama FHIA-17. Kultivar ini memiliki potensi produksi 55-70 ton/ha. Dibandingkan dengan pisang Cavendish yang memiliki potensi produksi 40-50 ton/ha. Pisang Sang Mulyo memiliki ketahanan terhadap layu fusarium. Pisang Sang Mulyo pertama ditanam di Desa Sri Mulyo Kabupaten Malang. Potensi pisang Sang Mulyo memiliki rasa manis sedikit asam dengan tekstur lembut. Keunggulan tersebut membuat pisang Sang Mulyo memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan secara masal. Budidaya pisang tidak lepas dari keberhasilan pembibitan. Kendala pembibitan adalah kuantitas dan kualitas pertumbuhan benih. Untuk menjaga agar produksi pisang tetap stabil, dan meningkat, maka metode perbanyakan yang efektif, dan efisien perlu ditemukan. Salah satu teknologi perbanyakan pisang yang dapat diterapkan adalah teknologi pecah bonggol, optimalisasi teknik pecah bonggol untuk mendapatkan kuantitas dan kualitas pertumbuhan benih yang optimal diperlukan, salah satunya dengan mengoptimalkan ukuran diameter bonggol. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Juni hingga Agustus 2022. Di Dusun Craba’an Desa Sumbersuko, Kecamatan Dampit, Kabupaten Malang, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah cetok, cangkul, celurit, pisau, gembor, baskom, bak plastik, timbangan dapur, gelas ukur plastik, penggaris 50 cm, meteran jahit, kain hitam, tali raffia, bambu, alfaboard, kamera ponsel pintar, buku catatan, bolpoin, pensil, dan millimeter block. Sedangkan bahan yang digunakan adalah bonggol pisang Sang Mulyo (Musa acuminata L. var. FHIA-17), pupuk kandang kambing, NPK mutiara 16-16-16, sekam, insektisida fipronil merk regent 50, dan ZPT akar rootmost. Penelitian dilakukan dengan rancangan acak kelompok berupa perlakuan perbedaan diameter bonggol pisang sebanyak empat perlakuan yaitu 8 cm – 11 cm, 12 cm – 15 cm, 16 cm – 19 cm, dan 20 cm – 23 cm dengan ulangan sebanyak enam kali, total tanaman adalah 96, dengan jumlah sampel 48 tanaman. Variabel penelitian meliputi waktu muncul tunas, jumlah tunas, diameter tunas, tinggi tunas, waktu muncul daun pertama, jumlah daun, panjang daun, lebar daun, persentase bonggol hidup, persentase bonggol bertunas, dan jumlah tunas layak menjadi benih. Kemudian dari data tersebut dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Varian (ANOVA) dengan taraf 5% kemudian apabila hasil berbeda nyata dilakukan uji lanjut menggunakan Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Variabel yang menunjukan berbeda nyata antar perlakuan adalah tinggi tunas, diameter tunas, jumlah daun, panjang daun, persentase bonggol hidup, persentase bonggol bertunas, dan jumlah tunas layak menjadi benih. Kesimpulan dari penelitian yang dilaksanakan adalah perbedaan bonggol berpengaruh kepada kuantitas benih dan kualitas pertumbuhan benih pisang Sang Mulyo. Diameter bonggol 16 - 23 cm merupakan diameter pecah bonggol yang menghasilkan kuantitas benih lebih baik. Diameter bonggol 20 - 23 cm merupakan diameter pecah bonggol yang menghasilkan kualitas pertumbuhan benih lebih baik.
English Abstract
Banana is a plant that often used for its fruit by all levels of society. Bananas are often used as table fruit, or as processed food ingredients. Bananas contain carbohydrates, vitamin C, vitamin A, and fiber. Bananas are beneficial for digestive health. The high carbohydrate content in bananas is also useful as a substitute for staple foods. Sang Mulyo banana is an introduced banana, and is a cultivar that has the name FHIA-17. This cultivar has a production potential of 55-70 tons/ha, compared to Cavendish bananas wich have a production potential of 40 - 50 tons/ha. The Sang Mulyo banana has resistance to fusarium wilt. It is called Sang Mulyo banana because it is planted in Sri Mulyo village, Malang district. Its production potential are 55 - 70 ton/ha. Sang Mulyo banana has a slightly sour sweet taste, with a soft texture. These advantages make Sang Mulyo bananas have the potential to be developed en masse. Banana cultivation cannot be separated from the success of seedling production. Seedling problem is the quantity dan growth quality of seeds. In order to keep banana production stable, and increasing, it is necessary to find an effective and efficient method of banana seed propagation. One of the banana propagation technologies that can be applied is corm split propagation system, optimalization the corm split propagation system to obtain the required quantity and growth quality of seed are needed, one of which is by optimizing the size of the corm diameter. The research was carried out from June to August 2022, in Craba’an Sub-village Sumbersuko Village, Dampit District, Malang Regency, East Java Province. The tools used in this study were a stake, hoe, sickle, knife, watering can, basin, plastic tube, kitchen scale, plastic measuring cup, 50 cm ruller, sewing meter, black cloth, raffia rope, bamboo, alfaboard, smartphone camera, notebook, ballpoint pen, pencil, and millimeter block.While the material that used in this research are Sang Mulyo banana corm (Musa acuminata L. var. FHIA-17), goat manure, NPK Mutiara 16-16-16, husk, fipronil insecticide regent 50 brand, and root PGR rootmost brand. The study was conducted by a randomized block design with four treatments of different diameters of banana corms. The diameter are 8 cm - 11 cm, 12 cm – 15 cm, 16 cm – 19 cm, and 20 cm – 23 cm with each treatment have six replications, the total plants are 96 and the sample are 48. With the observation variables including time of shoot emergence, number of shoots, shoot height, time of leaf emergence, number of leaf, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, stem circumference, number of roots, root length, amount of shoots. The data was analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% significant level continuing with Fisher Least Significant Difference (LSD) post hoc. Variables that showed were there is significant difference between each treatment are shoot height, shoot diameter, number of leaves, leaf length, percentage of living corm, percentage of weed buds, and number of shoots suitable for seed showing significant differences between treatments. The conclusion of research that carried out is the differences in corm affect the quantity of seeds and the quality of growth of Sang Mulyo banana seeds. The corm diameter of 16 – 23 cm is the size that produce the better quantity seed. The corm diameter of 20 – 23 cm is the size that produce the better growth quality of seed.
Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
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Identification Number: | 0523040066 |
Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency |
Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
Date Deposited: | 06 Jun 2023 06:54 |
Last Modified: | 06 Jun 2023 06:54 |
URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/200910 |
Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO)
Firman Budi Wicaksono.pdf Restricted to Registered users only until 31 December 2025. Download (3MB) |
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