Rahmanda, Didan Yusuf and Dr.Ir. Titin Sumarni (2023) Pengaruh Pupuk Hijau Paitan (Tithonia diversifolia L.) dan Pupuk NPK Anorganik pada Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultura kaya akan serat yang bermanfaat. Kebutuhan unsur nitrogen, fosfor, dan kalium pada tanaman okra dapat dipenuhi dengan aplikasi pupuk anorganik berupa Urea, SP-36, dan KCl. Pengaplikasian pupuk anorganik yang perlu dikurangi dalam kegiatan budidaya dapat dilakukan dengan pengelolaan secara semi organik dengan memadukan pengaplikasian pupuk hijau paitan dengan pupuk NPK tunggal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui interaksi antara pupuk hijau paitan dan pupuk NPK anorganik pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman okra. Hipotesis pada penelitian ini ialah perlakuan pupuk hijau paitan mampu mengurangi penggunaan pupuk anorganik pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman okra, dosis pupuk hijau paitan 20 ton ha-1 dan dosis pupuk anorganik mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil okra. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei-September 2022 yang bertempat di Kawasan Agro Techno Park, Jatikerto berjenis tanah alfisol dengan ketinggian sekitar 330 mdpl, curah hujan rata rata 85-100 mm bulan-1, rata-rata suhu udara berkisar antara 27-29 °C. Penelitian merupakan percobaan faktorial yang dirancang dengan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) terdiri dari 2 faktor dan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Faktor pertama berupa dosis pupuk hijau paitan terdiri dari 3 taraf, yakni: 0 ton ha-1 (kontrol), 10 ton ha-1, dan 20 ton ha-1. Faktor kedua yakni dosis pupuk NPK anorganik terdiri atas 4 taraf, yakni dosis 100% (300 kg Urea ha-1, 150 kg SP36 ha-1, dan 150 kg KCl ha-1), dosis 80% (240 kg Urea ha-1, 120 kg SP36 ha-1, dan 120 kg KCl ha-1), dosis 60% (180 kg Urea ha-1, 90 kg SP36 ha-1, dan 90 kg KCl ha-1), dan dosis 40% (120 kg Urea ha-1, 60 kg SP36 ha-1, dan 60 kg KCl ha-1). Terdapat total 36 unit percobaan dengan setiap perlakuan terdiri dari 72 tanaman, sehingga total tanaman dalam percobaan sebanyak 2.592 tanaman. Analisa data menggunakan Analisa ragam atau uji F pada taraf 5%. Hasil yang berbeda nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji perbandingan antar perlakuan menggunakan uji lanjut BNJ 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan NPK anorganik sebesar 20% disertai penambahan dosis pupuk hijau paitan 20 ton ha-1 dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman okra, yaitu pada parameter luas daun, bobot kering total, dan laju pertumbuhan tanaman. Perlakuan dosis pupuk paitan 20 ton ha-1 meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun. Perlakuan dosis pupuk paitan 20 ton ha-1 meningkatkan hasil yakni jumlah buah (5,96%), bobot buah per tanaman (13,55%), hasil panen per hektar pertama (13,62%), dan hasil panen per hektar 45-85 HST (16,90%). Adapun perlakuan dosis pupuk NPK anorganik 100% dan 80% meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun. Perlakuan dosis pupuk NPK anorganik 100% dan 80% meningkatkan hasil yakni jumlah buah (13,42%), bobot buah per tanaman (24,08%), hasil panen per hektar pertama (24,17%), dan hasil panen per hektar 45-85 HST (32,29%).
English Abstract
The horticultural product okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) is high in useful fiber. Inorganic fertilizers like urea, SP-36, and KCl can be used to provide the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium that okra plants require to grow. By combining the application of green manure with one NPK fertilizer, semi-organic management can be used to reduce the amount of inorganic fertilizers used in cultivation activities. The aim of this study was to ascertain the effects of mexican sunflower green manure and inorganic NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of okra plants. While the hypothesis in this research was that the application of green manure was able to reduce the use of inorganic fertilizer on the growth and yield of okra plants, the dose of green manure was 20 tons ha-1 and the dose of inorganic fertilizer was able to increase the growth and yield of okra. The research was conducted from May through September 2022 in Jatikerto's Agro Techno Park, with alfisol soil type and at an altitude of about 330 meters, with an average rainfall of 85 to 100 millimeters per month and an average air temperature of 27 to 29 degrees Celsius. A randomized block design (RAK) factorial experiment with two components was used to create this study, and it was repeated three times. The first factor was the dose of mexican sunflower green manure consisting of 3 levels, namely: 0 tons ha-1 (control), 10 tons ha-1, and 20 tons ha-1. The second factor is the amount of inorganic fertilizer used, which comes in four levels: 100% (300 kg Urea ha-1, 150 kg SP36 ha-1, and 150 kg KCl ha-1), a dose of 80% (240 kg Urea ha-1, 120 kg SP36 ha-1, and 120 kg KCl ha-1), a dose of 60% (180 kg Urea ha-1, 90 kg SP36 ha-1, and 90 kg KCl ha-1), a dose of 40% (120 kg Urea ha-1, 60 kg SP36 ha-1, and 60 kg KCl ha-1). There were 2.592 plants used in the experiment overall, divided among 36 experimental units with 72 plants in each treatment. Data analysis used analysis of variance or F test at the 5% level. Significantly different results were followed by a comparative test using the 5% HSD follow-up test. The results showed that a 20% reduction of inorganic NPK fertilizer accompanied by an additional dose of mexican sunflowe green fertilizer of 20 tons ha-1 can increase the growth of okra plants, namely in the parameters of leaf area, plant dry weight, and plant growth rate. Giving a dose of mexican sunflower fertilizer 20 tons ha-1 increased yields, namely number of fruits (5,96%), fruit weight per plant (13,55%), first yield per hectare (13,62%), and 45-85 DAP yield per hectare (16,90%). The application of inorganic NPK fertilizer doses of 100% and 80% increased the growth of plant height and number of leaves. The application of inorganic NPK fertilizer doses of 100% and 80% increased yields, namely number of fruits (13,42%), fruit weight per plant (24,08%), first yield per hectare (24,17%), and 45-85 DAP yield per hectare (32,29%).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523040045 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Jun 2023 07:27 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Jun 2023 07:27 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/200750 |
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