Lorenza, Defika Mellynia and Dr. Kurniawan Sigit Wicaksono and Dr.-Ing. Syawaluddin Akbar and Yazid Abdur Rahman (2022) Uji Sistem Rekomendasi Pemupukan Berbasis UAV terhadap Perbaikan Kesuburan Tanah dan Hasil Padi (Oryza sativa L.) di Sukamandijaya, Jawa Barat. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Padi adalah komoditas tanaman pangan utama di Indonesia. Namun pada tahun 2021 produksi beras menurun sebanyak 0,45% dibandingkan dengan produksi beras pada tahun 2020. Hal ini disebabkan oleh penggunaan pupuk kimia secara berlebihan sehingga menurunkan tingkat kesuburan tanah. Oleh sebab itu dibutuhkan sistem rekomendasi pemupukan yang presisi. Tujuan adanya penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh sistem rekomendasi pemupukan berbasis UAV terhadap perbaikan sifat fisik tanah sawah berupa tekstur, berat isi, kadar air tanah, dan porositas; sifat kimia tanah sawah berupa pH tanah, N-Total, P2O5 tersedia, K2O potensial, kapasitas tukar kation dan kejenuhan basa; serta pertumbuhan dan hasil padi berupa tinggi tanaman, umur berbunga, jumlah anakan produktif, dan hasil produksi. Pelaksanaan penelitian berlangsung selama 5 bulan, yaitu mulai bulan November 2021 sampai dengan April 2022 dan berlokasi di Sukamandijaya, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian demplot dengan 2 perlakuan dan diulang sebanyak 5 kali sehingga terdapat 10 titik percobaan. Perlakuan P1 dengan dosis pupuk berdasarkan konvensional menggunakan Phonska Plus 300 kg ha-1, Nitrea 200 kg ha-1, dan KCl 50 kg ha-1, sedangkan perlakuan P2 menggunakan pupuk NPK 30:6:8 sebanyak 500 kg ha-1, Nitrea 50 kg ha-1, dan KCl 50 kg ha-1 mengacu pada dosis rekomendasi yang dihasilkan dari pengolahan data berbasis citra kamera multispektral. Data yang telah diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji t tidak berpasangan yang tersedia pada analysis toolpak Microsoft Excel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaplikasian pupuk secara konvensional dan secara sistem rekomendasi pemupukan memiliki respon yang berbeda terhadap sifat fisik dan kimia tanah sawah, yaitu adanya pengaruh nyata antar kedua perlakuan terhadap porositas, pH tanah, N-Total, P2O5 tersedia, K2O potensial, kapasitas tukar kation, dan kejenuhan basa. Pengaruh tidak nyata terlihat pada parameter berat isi dan kadar air tanah. Selain itu pada parameter pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi dapat diketahui bahwa tidak adanya pengaruh nyata antar kedua perlakuan karena pertumbuhan dan hasil panen yang dihasilkan relatif sama. Oleh karena itu dapat diketahui bahwa pemupukan secara sistem rekomendasi pemupukan memiliki hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan pemupukan secara konvensional, hal tersebut dapat dilihat berdasarkan pertumbuhan dan hasil padi yang dihasilkan relatif sama dengan penggunaan input yang lebih rendah.
English Abstract
Paddy is the main food-crop commodity in Indonesia. However, in 2021 rice production will decrease by 0,45% compared to rice production in 2020. This is caused by the excessive use of chemical fertilizers, thereby reducing soil fertility. Therefore, a fertilizer recommendation system that is right on target is needed. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of the UAV-based fertilization recommendation system on improving the physical properties of paddy soil in the form of texture, bulk density, soil water content, and porosity; the chemical properties of paddy soil in the form of soil pH, NPK content in the soil, cation exchange capacity and base saturation; as well as the growth and rice crop yields in the form of plant height, flowering age, number of productive tillers, and production. The research was carried out for 5 months, starting from November 2021 to April 2022, and located in Sukamandijaya, West Java. This research was conducted using 2 treatments repeated 5 times so that there were 10 experimental points. The P1 treatment with conventional fertilizer dosage using Phonska Plus 300 kg ha-1, Nitra 200 kg ha-1, and KCl 50 kg ha-1, while the P2 treatment uses a fertilizer dosage of NPK 30:6:8 as much as 500 kg ha-1, Nitra 50 kg ha-1, and KCl 50 kg ha-1 refer to the recommended dosage resulting from data processing based on multispectral camera images. The data that has been obtained were analyzed using the unpaired t-test available in the analysis toolpak in Microsoft Excel. The results showed that the application of conventional fertilizers and the fertilization recommendation system had different responses to the physical and chemical properties of paddy soil, namely there was a significant effect between the two treatments on soil porosity, soil pH, NPK content in the soil, cation exchange capacity, and base saturation. An insignificant effect was seen in the parameters of bulk density and soil water content. In addition to the parameters of growth and yield of rice plants, it can be seen that there was no significant effect between the two treatments because the growth and yields produced were relatively the same. Therefore it can be seen that fertilization using the fertilization recommendation system has better results compared to conventional fertilization, this can be seen based on the growth and yield of rice produced which is relatively the same with the use of lower inputs.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522040563 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Jun 2023 06:23 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Jun 2023 06:23 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/200717 |
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