Ramadhani, Ayu Nabilah and Dr. Ir. Mintarto Martosudiro (2023) Ketahanan Induksi Tanaman Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) Melalui Perlakuan Bakteri Pseudomonas fluorescens terhadap Infeksi Peanut Stripe Virus (PStV). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman kacang tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) merupakan salah satu komoditi pangan yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi di Indonesia. Badan Pusat Statistik (2015) melaporkan bahwa terdapat penurunan produksi kacang tanah sejak tahun 2013-2015 yakni berturut-turut sebesar 701.680 ton, 638.869 ton, dan 605.449 ton. Penurunan produksi tersebut dapat disebabkan salah satunya karena penyakit pada kacang tanah salah satunya infeksi virus Peanut Stripe Virus (PStV) (Soesanto dan Rahayuniati, 2013). Pengendalian yang aman, ramah lingkungan, efektif, dan efisien tengah diteliti untuk penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus yakni dengan pemanfaatan mikroba antagonis. Salah satu mikroba antagonis tersebut yakni bakteri Pseudomonas fluorescens. Selain sebagai bakteri antagonis dan penginduksi ketahanan tanaman, P. fluorescens juga dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman atau sebagai Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). Tujuan penelitian ini diantaranya untuk mengetahui peran P. fluorescens terhadap serangan PStV, pertumbuhan, produksi, dan ketahanan induksi tanaman kacang tanah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Screen House di Flauna Edupark UMM, Tegalgondo, Karangploso, Malang dan Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya Malang. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama 6 bulan dari Juni 2022 sampai November 2022. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Rancangan ini terdiri atas 6 perlakuan dan 4 kali ulangan. Perlakuan penelitian yakni perbedaan kerapatan bakteri yang diaplikasikan pada kacang tanah. Perlakuan yang digunakan antara lain kacang tanah tanpa aplikasi P. fluorescens (kontrol), kacang tanah yang diaplikasi P. fluorescens kerapatan 101 cfu/ml, 103 cfu/ml, 105 cfu/ml, 1010 cfu/ml, dan 1015 cfu/ml. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan P. fluorescens 1015 cfu/ml dapat meningkatkan masa inkubasi PStV dan dapat menurunkan intensitas serangan PStV pada kacang tanah. Hasil analisis komponen pertumbuhan tanaman menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan P. fluorescens kerapatan 101 cfu/ml, 103 cfu/ml, 105 cfu/ml, 1010 cfu/ml, dan 1015 cfu/ml dapat meningkatkan tinggi tanaman kacang tanah. Sedangkan didapatkan hasil bahwa P. fluorescens tidak berpengaruh terhadap jumlah daun tanaman kacang tanah. Analisis pada komponen produksi menunjukkan P. fluorescens dapat meningkatkan jumlah polong, bobot basah polong, bobot kering polong, dan bobot kering biji. Didapatkan pula hasil P. fluorescens tidak berpengaruh terhadap jumlah biji dan bobot 100 biji kacang tanah. Analisis tingkat ketahanan tanaman kacang tanah menunjukkan kacang tanah perlakuan kontrol dan P. fluorescens 101 cfu/ml termasuk kategori sangat rentan, perlakuan P. fluorescens 103 cfu/ml dalam kategori rentan, perlakuan P. fluorescens 105 cfu/ml dalam kategori sedang, serta perlakuan P. fluorescens 1010 cfu/ml dan 1015 cfu/ml termasuk ke dalam kategori tahan.
English Abstract
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a food commodity that has high economic value in Indonesia. Badan Pusat Statistik (2015) reported that there was a decline in peanut production since 2013-2015, which were 701,680 tons, 638,869 tons, and 605,449 tons, respectively. The decrease in production can be caused by one of the reasons for peanut disease, one of which is Peanut Stripe Virus (PStV) infection (Soesanto and Rahayuniati, 2013). Safe, environmentally friendly, effective, and efficient control is being investigated for diseases caused by viruses, namely the use of antagonistic microbes. One of these antagonistic microbes is the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens. Apart from being an antagonist and an inducer of plant resistance, P. fluorescens can also increase plant growth or as a Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). The purpose of this study was to determine the role of P. fluorescens against PStV infection, growth, production, and induction resistance of peanut plants. The research was conducted at the Screen House at Flauna Edupark UMM, Tegalgondo, Karangploso, Malang and the Laboratory of Plant Disease, Department of Plant Protection, Agriculture Faculty, University of Brawijaya Malang. Research was carried out for approximately 6 months from June 2022 to November 2022. The research design used in this study was a Completely Randomized Design. This design consisted of 6 treatments and 4 replications. The research treatment was the difference in bacterial density that was applied to peanuts. The treatments used were peanuts without P. fluorescens application (control), peanuts with P. fluorescens application with a density of 101 cfu/ml, 103 cfu/ml, 105 cfu/ml, 1010 cfu/ml, and 1015 cfu/ml. The results showed that P. fluorescens 1015 cfu/ml treatment increased the incubation period of PStV and reduced the intensity of PStV attack on peanuts. The results of the analysis of plant growth components showed that the density of P. fluorescens 101 cfu/ml, 103 cfu/ml, 105 cfu/ml, 1010 cfu/ml, and 1015 cfu/ml increased the height of peanut plants. Meanwhile, the results showed that P. fluorescens had no effect on the number of leaves of the peanut plant. Analysis of production components showed that P. fluorescens could increase the number of pods, pod fresh weight, pod dry weight and seed dry weight. It was also found that the results of P. fluorescens had no effect on the number of seeds and the weight of 100 peanut seeds. Analysis of the level of resistance of peanut plants showed that the control treatment and P. fluorescens 101 cfu/ml were in the very susceptible category, the P. fluorescens 103 cfu/ml treatment was in the susceptible category, the P. fluorescens 105 cfu/ml treatment was in the medium category, and the treatment P. fluorescens 1010 cfu/ml and 1015 cfu/ml were included in the resistant category.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523040026 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 30 May 2023 02:59 |
| Last Modified: | 30 May 2023 02:59 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/200651 |
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