Setyabudi, Anang Maulana and Kartika Yurlisa (2022) Pengaruh Alelopati Bubuk Daun Kemangi (Ocimum basilicum) pada Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kangkung (Ipomea reptans Poir) dan Gulma yang Berasosiasi. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman kangkung merupakan tanaman sayuran daun penting di Indonesia. Salah satu permasalahan yang terdapat pada budidaya tanaman kangkung adalah keberadaan gulma. Gulma dapat mengganggu pertumbuhan serta menurunkan produksi tanaman budidaya. Salah salah satu upaya pengendalian gulma adalah dengan penggunaan bioherbisida berbahan aktif alelokimia yang berasal dari daun tanaman kemangi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh konsentrasi bubuk daun kemangi pada pertumbuhan kangkung yang berasosiasi dengan dua jenis gulma semusim Hedyotis corymbosa dan Digitaria adscendeus. Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah konsentrasi bubuk daun kemangi 20 g/polibag (20 g/ 3 kg tanah) memberikan pertumbuhan kangkung yang tertinggi, serta dapat menekan pertumbuhan gulma Hedyotis corymbosa dan Digitaria adscendeus. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di greenhouse Politeknik Pembangunan Pertanian Kampus 2, Tanjungrejo, Kec. Sukun, Kota Malang pada bulan November sampai dengan Desember 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 1 faktor perlakuan, yaitu tanaman kangkung (kontrol), tanaman kangkung + Hedyotis corymbosa, tanaman kangkung + Hedyotis corymbosa + 20 g bubuk daun kemangi, tanaman kangkung + Hedyotis corymbosa + 40 g bubuk daun kemangi, tanaman kangkung + Digitaria adscendeus, tanaman kangkung + Digitaria adscendeus + 20 g bubuk daun kemangi, tanaman kangkung + Digitaria adscendeus + 40 g bubuk daun kemangi. Masing masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali, sehingga terdapat 21 satuan percobaan. Data hasil pengamatan selanjutnya dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA) dengan taraf 5%. Jika hasil yang didapatkan berbeda nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan konsentrasi alelopati bubuk daun kemangi berpengaruh nyata terhadap variabel pengamatan tinggi tanaman 15 HST, jumlah daun tanaman 10 dan 15 HST, luas daun tanaman, panjang akar terpanjang, bobot segar akar tanaman, bobot kering akar tanaman, bobot segar tajuk tanaman, bobot kering tajuk tanaman, bobot basah gulma, dan bobot kering gulma. Sedangkan pada variabel pengamatan tinggi tanaman 10 HST tidak menunjukkan adanya pengaruh yang nyata. Penambahan konsentrasi 20 g alelopati bubuk daun kemangi memberikan pertumbuhan terbaik dari tanaman kangkung dan menekan pertumbuhan kedua gulma yang berasosiasi.
English Abstract
Water spinach (Ipomea reptans Poir) is an substantial leaf vegetable plant in Indonesia. One of the problems found in water spinach cultivation is the presence of weeds. Weeds can interfere with growth and reduce crop production. One of the ways to control weeds is the use of bioherbicides with active allelochemical ingredients derived from the leaves of the basil plant. This research aims to study the effect of concentration of basil leaf powder on the growth of water spinach associated with two types of annual weeds, Hedyotis corymbosa and Digitaria adscendeus. The hypothesis proposed is that the concentration of basil leaf powder 20 g/polybag (20 g/3 kg soil) gives the highest growth of water spinach, and can suppress the growth of weeds Hedyotis corymbosa and Digitaria adscendeus. The research was carried out in the greenhouse of the Agricultural Development Polytechnic Campus 2, Tanjungrejo, Sukun District, Malang City from November to December 2022. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 1 treatment factor, i.e., water spinach plants (control), water spinach + Hedyotis corymbosa, water spinach + Hedyotis corymbosa + 20 g basil leaf powder, water spinach + Hedyotis corymbosa + 40 g basil leaf powder, water spinach + Digitaria adscendeus, water spinach + Digitaria adscendeus + 20 g basil leaf powder, water spinach + Digitaria adscendeus + 40 g basil leaf powder. Each treatment was repeated 3 times, so there were 21 experimental units. The data from the observations were then analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the 5% level. If the result of the data analysis shows a real effect from the treatment, then proceed with the honest real difference test (HSD) at the 5% real level to find out the difference between treatments. The results showed that the addition of allelopathic concentrations of basil leaf powder had a significant effect on plant height 15 DAP, number of leaves 10 and 15 DAP, leaf area, longest root length, fresh weight of plant roots, dry weight of plant roots, fresh weight of plant shoots, dry weight of plant shoots, dry weight of weeds, and dry weight of weeds. Meanwhile, the plant height at 10 DAP did not show any significant effect. The addition of 20 g concentration of allelopathic basil leaf powder gave the best growth of water spinach and suppressed the growth of the two associated weeds.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522040552 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 29 May 2023 07:22 |
| Last Modified: | 29 May 2023 07:22 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/200585 |
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