Pramaysella, Alfin Desta and Luqman Qurata Aini (2023) Penapisan Isolat Bakteri Endofit Asal Tanaman Padi Toleran Bahan Aktif Isoprothiolane Fenoxanil sebagai Agens Antagonis Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae dan Pemacu Pertumbuhan Tanaman. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman padi (Oryzae sativa L.) merupakan komoditas penghasil bahan pangan penting berupa beras sebagai sumber makanan pokok. Namun, upaya peningkatan produksi padi nasional masih mengalami berbagai hambatan salah satunya serangan penyakit hawar daun bakteri (HDB) yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Bahan aktif fenoxanil dan isoprothiolane diketahui mengandung gugus senyawa antibakteri sehingga berpotensi menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen melalui mekanisme penghambatan antibiosis. Mikroba antagonis dengan kemampuan kompleks seperti bakteri endofit dilaporkan memiliki kemampuan toleran terhadap residu bahan kimia, bersifat antagonis terhadap patogen tanaman, dan mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian untuk mengisolasi bakteri endofit toleran bahan aktif fenoxanil isoprothiolane sebagai agen antagonis bakteri Xoo dan pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman (plant growth promoting) serta pengujian potensi bahan aktif fenoxanil dan isoprothiolane sebagai antibakteri patogen Xoo. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September 2022 sampai bulan Januari 2023 di Lahan Padi di Desa Kepuharjo, Kecamatan Karangploso, Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan, Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian, Laboratorium Sentral Ilmu Hayati, Universitas Brawijaya, dan Laboratorium Bakteri, PT Petrokimia Kayaku. Pelaksanaan penelitian ini dilakukan dalam beberapa tahapan diantaranya yaitu isolasi bakteri Xoo, isolasi bakteri endofit tanaman padi, uji sensitivitas bakteri endofit terhadap b.a isoprothiolane fenoxanil, seleksi dan uji daya hambat bakteri endofit antagonis terhadap bakteri patogen Xoo menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) 7 perlakuan 4 ulangan, uji aktivitas plant growth promoting bakteri endofit secara in vitro, dan uji daya hambat b.a isoprothiolane fenoxanil terhadap bakteri Xoo secara in vitro menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Variabel penelitian berupa daya hambat bakteri antagonis dan daya hambat bahan aktif isoprothiolane fenoxanil. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian telah diketahui bahwa bahan aktif isoprothiolane fenoxanil berpotensi sebagai antibakteri pada konsentrasi 3 ml/L mampu menghambat bakteri patogen Xoo pada 1 HSA sebesar 11,38 mm dan 4 HSA sebesar 7,50 mm. Sebanyak 38 isolat bakteri endofit toleran terhadap b.a isoprothiolane fenoxanil yang ditunjukkan dengan pertumbuhan bakteri pada pada media Nutrient Agar yang mengandung bahan aktif isoprothiolane fenoxanil 1,5 ml/L. Seluruh perlakuan bakteri endofit antagonis menghasilkan diameter penghambatan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan bakterisida bacitracin 20% yaitu berkisar 10,5 – 16,38 mm dan keenam isolat bakteri antagonis memiliki aktivitas pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman sebagai bakteri penambat nitrogen dan isolat bakteri Ak5 memiliki aktivitas pelarut fosfat.
English Abstract
Rice (Oryzae sativa L.) is an important food commodity producing rice as a staple food source. However, efforts to increase national rice production are still experiencing various obstacles, one of which is bacterial leaf blight (HDB) caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). The active ingredients fenoxanil and isoprothiolane are known to contain a group of antibacterial compounds that have the potential to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria through the mechanism of antibiosis inhibition. Antagonistic microbes with complex abilities such as endophytic bacteria are reported to have the ability to tolerate chemical residues, are antagonistic to plant pathogens, and are able to increase plant growth. This research is a study to isolate endophytic bacteria tolerant to the active ingredient fenoxanil isoprothiolane as an antagonist agent for Xoo bacteria and plant growth promoting bacteria and to test the potential of the active ingredients fenoxanil and isoprothiolane as antibacterial agents for Xoo pathogens. This research was carried out from September 2022 to January 2023 on rice fields in Kepuharjo Village, Karangploso District, Plant Disease Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Central Laboratory of Life Sciences, Brawijaya University, and Bacteria Laboratory, PT Petrokimia Kayaku. The implementation of this research was carried out in several stages including isolation of Xoo bacteria, isolation of endophytic bacteria in rice plants, sensitivity test of endophytic bacteria to isoprothiolane fenoxanil, selection and test of inhibition of antagonistic endophytic bacteria against pathogenic bacteria Xoo using Randomized Block Design (RBD) 7 treatments 4 repetitions, test of plant growth promoting activity of endophytic bacteria in vitro, and test of inhibition of isoprothiolane fenoxanil against Xoo bacteria in vitro using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) 5 treatments and 4 replications. The research variables were the inhibition of antagonistic bacteria and the inhibition of the active ingredient isoprothiolane fenoxanil. Based on the research results, it is known that the active ingredient isoprothiolane fenoxanil has the potential as an antibacterial at a concentration of 3 ml/L capable of inhibiting the pathogenic bacteria Xoo at 1 HSA of 11.38 mm and 4 HSA of 7.50 mm. A total of 38 isolates of endophytic bacteria were tolerant to b.a isoprothiolane fenoxanil as shown by the growth of bacteria on Nutrient Agar media containing the active ingredient isoprothiolane fenoxanil 1.5 ml/L. All treatments of antagonistic endophytic bacteria resulted in a higher inhibition diameter than 20% bacitracin bactericide, which ranged from 10.5 to 16.38 mm and the six antagonistic bacterial isolates had plant growth promoting activity as nitrogen fixing bacteria and Ak5 bacterial isolates had phosphate solubilizing activity.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523040011 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 29 May 2023 06:59 |
| Last Modified: | 29 May 2023 06:59 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/200573 |
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Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO)
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