Gaol, Agnes Lumban and Prof. Ir. Didik Suprayogo (2023) Degradasi Kimia Tanah akibat Keragaman Manajemen Lahan Di Sub Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Brantas Hulu. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Erosi merupakan salah satu masalah utama penyebab penurunan produktivitas lahan. Produktivitas lahan yang menurun merupakan salah satu ciri suatu lahan mengalami degradasi. Sub DAS Brantas Hulu terutama di Kecamatan Bumiaji memiliki nilai laju erosi seberat 657,700 ton/ha/tahun yang berdasarkan klasifikasi kelas bahaya erosi adalah sangat berat. Lahan pertanian menjadi salah satu kawasan yang memiliki nilai laju erosi tertinggi dari penggunaan lahan lainnya yaitu 362,175 ton/ha/tahun. Laju erosi yang tinggi juga disebabkan oleh manajemen lahan yang tidak sesuai dengan prinsip konservasi air dan tanah yang menyebabkan penurunan pada sifat kimia tanah yang dicirikan dengan penurunan bahan organik tanah, nitrogen, fosfor, kalium, kalsium, magnesium, kemasaman tanah, kapasitas tukar kation dan kejenuhan basa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan sifat kimia tanah di berbagai manajemen lahan sebagai indikator degradasi lahan, serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi degradasi kimia tanah di DAS Brantas Hulu. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli hingga Agustus 2022, Desa Sumberbrantas. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei yaitu dengan metode observasi sistematik di 9 manajemen lahan yaitu hutan (H), hutan produksi dengan tanaman bawah rumput (HP), hutan produksi dengan tanaman bawah sayuran (HPS), kebun apel (KA), dan lahan monokultur berdasarkan kelas kelerengan yaitu sayuran kelas kelerengan 1 (MS1), monokultur sayuran kelas kelerengan 2 (MS2), , monokultur sayuran kelas kelerengan 3 (MS3), monokultur sayuran kelas kelerengan 4 (MS4) dan , monokultur sayuran kelas kelerengan 5 Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) dengan menggunakan software Genstat 18th , dilanjutkan dengan uji uji LSD (Least Significance Different) taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan manajemen lahan secara signifikan mempengaruhi sifat kimia tanah yaitu pH, C-organik, N total, P tersedia, K tersedia, Ca tersedia, Mg tersedia, dan KTK, tetapi tidak mempengaruhi KB. Peningkatan kemiringan lereng di plot monokultur sayuran relatif penurunan sifat kimia tanah dan pengelolaan lahan intensif yang dilakukan petani menyebabkan sifat kimia yang rendah di plot monokultur sayuran.
English Abstract
Erosion is one of the main problems causing a decrease in land productivity. Decreasing land productivity is one of the characteristics of a land experiencing degradation. The Upper Brantas sub-watershed, especially in the Bumiaji District, has an erosion rate of 657,700 tons/ha/year, which based on the erosion hazard class classification is very heavy. Agricultural land is one of the areas that has the highest erosion rate value of other land uses, namely 362.175 tons/ha/year. High erosion rates are also caused by land management that is not in accordance with the principles of water and soil conservation which causes a decrease in the chemical properties of the soil which is characterized by a decrease in soil organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, soil acidity, cation exchange capacity and language saturation. This study aims to analyze differences in soil chemical properties in various land management as indicators of land degradation, as well as to identify the factors that influence soil chemical degradation in the Upper Brantas watershed. This research was conducted from July to August 2022, Sumber Brantas Village. The research method used was a survey method, namely a systematic observation method on 9 land management, namely forest (H), production forest with undergrowth (HP), production forest with undercrop vegetables (HPS), apple orchard (KA), and land monoculture based on slope class, namely vegetables monoculture slope class 1 (MS1), vegetable monoculture slope class 2 (MS2), vegetable monoculture slope class 3 (MS3), vegetable monoculture slope class 4 (MS4) and , vegetable monoculture slope class 5 Data analysis was carried out using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) using Genstat 18 software, testLeast Significance Differentat 5%. The results showed that differences in land management significantly affected soil chemical properties, namely pH, C-organic, total N, available P, available K, available Ca, available Mg, and CEC, but did not affect KB. The increase in the slope of the vegetable monoculture plots relatively decreased and the intensive land management carried out by farmers caused low chemical properties in the vegetable monoculture plots.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523040005 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 29 May 2023 03:08 |
| Last Modified: | 29 May 2023 03:09 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/200532 |
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