Ulhaq, Adhisa Dhiya and Prof. Dr. Ir. Ludji Pantja Astuti (2023) Keanekaragaman dan Kelimpahan Serangga Hama Pascapanen pada Beras di Gudang Bulog Kebonagung Kantor Cabang Malang. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Badan Urusan Logistik (Bulog) merupakan perusahaan umum milik negara yang memiliki tugas dalam pengelolaan dan pengadaan stok beras. Dalam pengadaan stok beras biasanya disimpan di tempat penyimpanan dalam jangka waktu tertentu untuk menjamin ketersediaan beras dan kondisi beras dalam simpanan. Gudang merupakan sarana yang digunakan sebagai tempat penyimpanan beras sebelum pendistribusian ke masyarakat. Selama proses penyimpanan, beras dapat mengalami kerusakan secara kuantitas dan kualitas. Salah satu penyebab kerusakan beras dalam simpanan ialah serangga hama pascapanen. Kerusakan pada beras semakin tinggi apabila populasi serangga hama pascapanen juga tinggi. Peningkatan populasi serangga hama dapat terjadi apabila kondisi lingkungan gudang dan pakan mendukung untuk perkembangan serangga hama. Pengetahuan mengenai jenis dan populasi serangga hama yang menginfestasi beras dapat digunakan sebagai dasar monitoring dan pengambilan keputusan pengendalian hama di Gudang. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan serangga hama pascapanen pada beras di gudang Bulog Kebonagung. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Gudang Bulog Baru (GBB) Kebonagung milik Perum Bulog Kantor Cabang Malang pada bulan September hingga Desember 2022. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pemasangan perangkap dan pengambilan sampel beras selama 8 minggu pengamatan. Perangkap yang digunakan terdiri dari perangkap cahaya, perangkap umpan, dan perangkap jatuhan. Sementara itu, sampel beras diambil dari stapel dan ceceran beras. Pengambilan sampel beras dilakukan sebanyak 4 kali masing-masing 100 g dengan interval waktu 1 minggu sekali. Serangga yang ditemukan dari hasil pemerangkapan dan pengambilan sampel beras diidentifikasi dan dihitung populasinya. Data populasi yang diperoleh dari pengamatan dianalisis indeks keanekaragaman dan dominansi menggunakan perangkat lunak R statistics versi 4.2.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 6 spesies serangga hama pascapanen yang menginfestasi beras di Gudang Bulog Kebonagung yang terdiri dari Rhyzopertha dominica, Sitophilus oryzae, Tribolium castaneum, Cryptolestes pusillus, Ephestia cautella, dan Tinea sp.. Kelimpahan populasi serangga hama pascapanen yang ditemukan di Gudang Bulog Kebonagung berpola fluktuatif dari minggu pertama hingga minggu terakhir. Kelimpahan populasi hama pascapanen dari tinggi ke rendah secara berturut-turut ialah C. pusillus, T. castaneum, S. oryzae, R. dominica, E. cautella, dan Tinea sp.. Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan diperoleh hasil bahwa nilai indeks keanekaragaman (H’) ialah 0,24 yang berarti keanekaragaman serangga hama pascapanen di Gudang Bulog Kebonagung tergolong rendah. Selain itu, hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai indeks dominansi ialah 0,90 yang berarti bahwa dominansi spesies serangga hama pascapanen di Gudang Bulog Kebonagung termasuk dalam kategori tinggi dan terdapat satu spesies yang mendominasi, yaitu C. pusillus.
English Abstract
The National Logistics Agency (Bulog) is a state-owned company that has the task of managing and procuring rice stocks. Procurement of rice stocks is usually stored in a storage area for a certain period time to ensure the availability of rice and the condition of rice in storage. The warehouse is a facility used as a place to store rice before distribution to the community. During the storage process, rice can be damaged in quantity and quality. One of the causes of damage to rice in storage is stored product pest attacks. The damage of rice is higher when the population of stored product pests is also high. The increasing of stored product pest populations can occur if the environmental conditions in the storage and diet support the development of insect pests. The acknowledgement of the types and populations of stored product pest that attack rice can be used as a basis for monitoring and making decisions to control stored product pest in warehouses. This present research was conducted to determine the diversity and abundance of stored product pests on rice in the Kebonagung Bulog Warehouse. The research was conducted at the Kebonagung Bulog Baru (GBB) belonging to by Perum Bulog Malang Branch Office from September until December 2022. The research was conducted using traps and rice sampling for 8 weeks of observation. The traps used consisted of light traps, bait traps and pitfall. Meanwhile, rice samples were taken from staples and scattered rice. Rice sampling was carried out 4 times for 100 g each with an interval of one week. The stored product pest found during observation were identified and counted of populations. The population data obtained from observations were analyzed for diversity (H`) Shanon-Wiener and dominance (D) Simpson. The software used for data analysis using R statistics version 4.2.0. The results showed that there were 6 species of stored product pests that infested rice in the Kebonagung Bulog Warehouse, including R. dominica, S. oryzae, T. castaneum, C. pusillus, E. cautella, and Tinea sp.. The abundance of stored product pests found in Bulog Warehouses Kebonagung was fluctuated from the first to the last week of observation. The population of stored product pests from high to low was C. pusillus, T. castaneum, S. oryzae, R. dominica, E. cautella, and Tinea sp. respectively. Based on the result showed that the value of diversity index (H') was 0.24 which means the diversity of stored product pests in the Kebonagung Bulog Warehouse relatively low. In addition, the value of dominance index was 0.90, which means that the dominance of stored product pests in the Kebonagung Bulog Warehouse was included in the high category and there is one species that dominated, namely C. pusillus.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523040003 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 29 May 2023 02:43 |
| Last Modified: | 29 May 2023 02:43 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/200517 |
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