Uji Daya Hasil Beberapa Hibrida Harapan Semangka (Citrullus Lanatus Thunb.) Pada Dataran Medium

Hutagalung, Riyanti Naulina and Dr. Ir. Andy Soegianto, (2022) Uji Daya Hasil Beberapa Hibrida Harapan Semangka (Citrullus Lanatus Thunb.) Pada Dataran Medium. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Semangka (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.) termasuk salah satu tanaman merambat yang berasal dari famili Cucurbitaceae (labu-labuan) yang bersifat semusim dan tergolong cepat berproduksi. Terdapat dua kelompok varietas yang cocok dibudidayakan di Indonesia yaitu semangka lokal dan semangka hibrida. Masyarakat Indonesia banyak yang menggemari buah semangka karena memiliki kandungan air yang banyak dan rasanya yang manis serta memiliki kandungan gizi yang dibutuhkan untuk kesehatan tubuh seperti protein dan vitamin yang dibutuhkan tubuh manusia. Banyaknya masyarakat yang mengkonsumsi buah semangka namun produksi semangka di Indonesia pada tahun 2015 hingga 2020 masih mengalami fluktuasi sehingga belum dapat memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat. Tanaman semangka umumnya dapat tumbuh dengan baik pada dataran rendah, sehingga perlu dilakukan pengujian pertumbuhan tanaman semangka pada dataran medium. Produsen benih CV. Borneo Seed Indonesia memiliki koleksi benih hibrida harapan tanaman semangka yang akan dijadikan suatu varietas. Oleh karena itu, sesuai dengan proses pemuliaan tanaman maka benih koleksi tersebut sebaiknya dilakukan pengujian terlebih dahulu seperti uji daya hasil beberapa hibrida harapan tanaman semangka (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.) pada dataran medium. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya hasil hibrida harapan semangka pada dataran medium berdasarkan keragaan pertumbuhan dan karakter kualitatif serta hasil yang dicapai oleh setiap hibrida harapan tanaman semangka (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.). Penelitian dilaksanakan di lahan riset produksi CV. Borneo Seed Indonesia yang berlokasi di Desa Pondokagung, Kecamatan Kasembon, Kabupaten Malang pada bulan April – Juni 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan tujuh perlakuan hibrida harapan semangka yaitu enam hibrida harapan semangka koleksi CV. Borneo Seed Indonesia (BSS05, SE012, BSS07, SE022, SE025, dan SE037) dan satu varietas pembanding (Varietas Prime F1) dan dilakukan dalam 4 ulangan sehingga terdapat 28 petak percobaan. Setiap petak percobaan terdapat 24 tanaman dengan jumlah populasi tanaman 672 tanaman. Terdapat 5 sampel tanaman pada setiap petak percobaan sehingga terdapat 140 total sampel yang diamati. Variabel yang diamati yaitu panjang tanaman, panjang daun, lebar daun, diameter batang, umur berbunga, umur panen, diameter buah, panjang buah, ketebalan kulit buah, persentase bagian buah yang dapat dikonsumsi, bobot buah, produktivitas per hektar, kadar gula, daya simpan buah, warna daun, derajat cuping utama daun, bentuk penampang membujur buah, bentuk apikal buah, lebar garis buah, garis-garis yang mencolok buah. Data karakter kualitatif dianalisis dengan cara deskriptif menggunakan description for watermelon dari UPOV 2013. Karakter kuantitatif dianalisis dengan analisis ragam ANOVA taraf 5%, apabila perlakuan terdapat yang berbeda nyata maka diuji lanjut menggunakan DMRT 5%. Berdasarkan analisis ragam pada variabel pada parameter lebar daun, diameter batang, umur berbunga betina, umur panen, diameter buah, persentase ii bagian buah yang dapat dikonsumsi, bobot buah per buah, produktivitas per hektar, kadar gula dan daya simpan memiliki hasil yang berbeda nyata, namun pada variabel panjang tanaman, panjang daun, panjang buah, dan ketebalan kulit buah/pericarp menunjukan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata. Hibrida harapan SE-037 dan BSS-07 memiliki daya hasil tinggi pada dataran medium berdasarkan keunggulan masing-masing variabel pada setiap hibrida harapan serta berdasarkan karakter kualitatif bahwa setiap hibrida harapan sudah seragam

English Abstract

iii SUMMARY Riyanti Naulina Hutagalung. 185040201111057. Yield Testl of Some Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.) Hybrid Candidates On Medium Altitude. Supervised by Dr. Ir. Andy Soegianto, CESA. as the Main Supervisor. Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.) is one of the vines originating from the Cucurbitaceae (pumpkin) family which is seasonal and relatively fast in production. There are two groups of varieties suitable for cultivation in Indonesia, namely local watermelons and hybrid watermelons. Many Indonesian people like watermelon because it has a lot of water content and a sweet taste and contains nutrients needed for body health such as protein and vitamins that the human body needs. The number of people who consume watermelons but watermelon production in Indonesia from 2015 to 2020 is still fluctuating so that it has not been able to meet the needs of the community. Watermelon plants generally grow well in the lowlands, so it is necessary to test the growth of watermelon plants in the medium plains. Seed producer CV. Borneo Seed Indonesia has a collection of hybrid seeds hoping for a watermelon plant that will be turned into a variety. Therefore, in accordance with the plant breeding process, the seeds of the collection should be tested first, such as testing the yield of several promising hybrids of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.) on medium plains. The aim of this research was to determine the yield of watermelon hopeful hybrids in medium plains based on growth performances and qualitative characters and the results achieved by each hybrid of watermelons (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.). The research was conducted in the production research area of CV. Borneo Seed Indonesia is located in Pondokagung Village, Kasembon District, Malang Regency from April – June 2022. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with seven treatments of watermelon hopeful hybrids, namely six watermelon hybrids from CV collection. Indonesian Borneo seeds (BSS05, SE012, BSS07, SE022, SE025, and SE037) and one comparison variety (F1 Prima variety) and carried out in 4 replications so that there were 28 experimental plots. Each experimental plot contained 24 plants with a total plant population of 672 plants. Each experimental plot contained 5 plant samples so that a total of 140 samples were observed. The variables observed were plant length, leaf length, leaf width, stem diameter, flowering age, harvest age, fruit diameter, fruit length, fruit skin thickness, percentage of edible fruit parts, fruit weight, productivity per hectare, sugar content, power fruit. storage, leaf color, degree of leaf main lobe, fruit longitudinal cross section, fruit apical shape, fruit line width, fruit conspicuous line. Qualitative character data were analyzed descriptively using the watermelon description from UPOV 2013. Quantitative characters were analyzed by analysis of variance ANOVA at 5% level, if there was a significant difference in treatment, then tested using DMRT 5%. Based on the analysis of variance on the variables on the parameters of leaf width, stem diameter, female flowering age, harvest age, fruit diameter, percentage of edible fruit part, fruit weight per fruit, productivity per hectare, sugar content, and shelf life, the results were significantly different, However, the variable length of the plant, leaf length, fruit length, and fruit skin thickness/pericarp showed results that were not significantly different. The hopeful hybrids SE-037 and BSS-07 had iv high yields in medium altitude based on the advantages of each variable in each hopeful hybrid and based on the qualitative character that each hopeful hybrid was uniform.

Other obstract

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	0522040497
Subjects:	300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi
Depositing User:	Nur Cholis
Date Deposited:	14 Apr 2023 01:05
Last Modified:	14 Apr 2023 01:05
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/198289

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