Hariyanto, Puji and Syahrul Kurniawan, SP., MP., Ph.D. (2022) Dampak Praktek Pemupukan oleh Petani Agroforestri Kopi Naungan Pinus di UB Forest Terhadap Kandungan Unsur Hara (Karbon, Nitrogen, Fosfor) Tanah. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kopi merupakan komoditas penting perkebunan Indonesia. Indonesia merupakan negara penghasil kopi terbesar keempat di dunia. Pada tahun 2017 sampai 2019 luas areal perkebunan kopi di Jawa Timur mengalami kenaikan sebesar 3,4%. Kondisi tersebut diikuti dengan peningkatan hasil prdouksi kopi di Jawa Timur sebesar 2,9%, hal ini berbanding lurus dengan kenaikan produksi kopi nasional sebesar 6,2%. Upaya mempertahankan produksi hasil panen kopi maka dibutuhkan upaya agar tanaman tumbuh secara optimal dan menghasilkan produksi dengan mutu yang baik. Upaya para petani adalah melakukan kombinasi pemupukan. Penggunaan kombinasi jenis dan dosis pupuk organik dan anorganik juga akan memberikan pengaruh dalam jangka panjang. Agroforestri kopi sebagai suatu sistem pengelolaan lahan yang berasaskan pada kelestarian dalam meningkatkan hasil lahan secara keseluruhan, mengkombinasikan produksi tanaman (termasuk tanaman pohon-pohonan) dan tanaman hutan dan atau ternak secara bersamaan atau berurutan pada unit lahan yang sama, dan menerapkan cara- cara pengelolaan yang sesuai dengan kebudayaan penduduk setempat. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada penggunaan lahan Agroforestri berbasis kopi dengan naungan pinus di UB Forest. Terletak di Dusun Sumbersari, Desa Tawangargo, Kecamatan Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2020 hingga April 2021. Analisis tanah dilakukan di Laboratorium Kimia Tanah dan Fisika Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya. Penelitian menggunakan 6 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari PO5: Pupuk Organik 5 kg; PO10: Pupuk Organik 10 kg; PO15: Pupuk Organik 15 kg; MPO5: Pupuk organik 5 kg dan anorganik; MPO10: Pupuk organik 10 kg dan anorganik; MPO15: Pupuk organik 15 kg dan anorganik. Variabel yang diamati yaitu C-organik, N-total, P-tersedia, berat isi, tekstur, pH. Untuk mempelajari pengaruh perlakuan terhadap kandungan tanah dilakukan uji Linear Mixed Effect Model (LME) pada taraf 5%. Apabila ditemukan pada pengaruh nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ untuk mengetahui perbedaan diantara perlakuan. Sedangkan uji korelasi dan regresi digunakan untuk mengetahui tingkat keeratan hubungan serta pegaruh antar variabel pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan jenis dan dosis pupuk yang diaplikasikan berpengaruh terhadap konsentrasi C-organik pada kedalaman tanah 0-20 cm dan 20-40 cm, serta N-total pada kedalaman tanah 0-20 cm. Pengaplikasian berbagai jenis dan dosis pupuk tidak berpengaruh terhadap kadar kandungan P- tersedia dalam tanah. Peningkatan dosis pupuk berdampak pada peningkatan unsur hara tanah (C, N dan P). Perbedaan nilai C-organik dalam tanah lebih banyak dipengaruhi oleh masukan bahan organik dari dosis pupuk yang diaplikasikan. Tingginnya kadungan bahan organik pada plot penelitian dalam pengukuran C- organik menyebabkan tanah memiliki berat isi yang rendah, sehingga hal tersebut akan mempermudah akar tanaman melakkan penetrasi dan akan membantu dalam penyediaan N-total bagi tanaman. Rendahnya nilai P-tersedia dalam tanah diduga disebabkan oleh adanya mineral alofan.
English Abstract
Coffee is an important commodity for Indonesian plantations. Indonesia is the fourth largest coffee producing country in the world. From 2017 to 2019, the area of coffee plantations in East Java increased by 3.4%. This condition was followed by an increase in coffee production in East Java by 2.9%, this is directly proportional to the increase in national coffee production by 6.2%. Efforts to maintain the production of coffee harvests require efforts so that plants grow optimally and produce production with good quality. The effort of the farmers is to do a combination of fertilization. The use of a combination of types and doses of organic and inorganic fertilizers will also have an effect in the long term. Coffee agroforestry as a land management system based on sustainability in increasing overall land yields, combining crop production (including tree crops) and forest crops and or livestock simultaneously or sequentially on the same land unit, and applying management methods according to the local culture. The research was carried out on the land use of coffee-based agroforestry with pine shade in UB Forest. Located in Sumbersari Hamlet, Tawangargo Village, Karangploso District, Malang Regency. The research was conducted from December 2020 to April 2021. Soil analysis was carried out at the Laboratory of Soil Chemistry and Soil Physics, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya. The study used 6 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments consisted of PO5: 5 kg Organic Fertilizer; PO10: Organic Fertilizer 10 kg; PO15: Organic Fertilizer 15 kg; MPO5: 5 kg organic and inorganic fertilizers; MPO10: 10 kg organic and inorganic fertilizers; MPO15: 15 kg organic and inorganic fertilizers. The variables observed were C-organic, N-total, P-available, bulk density, texture, pH. Effect of treatment on soil content was analized by Linear Mixed Effect Model at the 5% level. If it was found to have real effect, it would continue with BNJ test to find out the difference between treatments. While the correlation and regression tests were used to determine the level of closeness of the relationship and the influence between the observed variables. The results showed that different types and doses of applied fertilizers affected the concentration of C-organic at 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil depths, and N-total at 0-20 cm soil depths. The application of various types and doses of fertilizers did not affect the level of available P-content in the soil. Increasing the dose of fertilizer had an impact on increasing soil nutrients (C, N and P). The difference in the value of organic C in the soil was more influenced by the input of organic matter than the dose of fertilizer applied. The high content of organic matter in the research plot in measuring C-organic causes the soil to have a low density, so that it will make it easier for plant roots to penetrate and will help in providing total N for plants. The low value of available P in the soil is thought to be caused by the presence of allophane minerals.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522040481 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Apr 2023 06:47 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Apr 2023 06:47 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/198165 |
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