Damayanti, Poppy Rizky and Dr. Ir. Sitawati,, MS. and Dr. Ir. Cicik Udayana, M.Si (2022) Pengaruh Berbagai Konsentrasi Eco enzyme dan Pinching Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Pembungaan Tanaman Pacar Air (Impatiens hawkeri Bull) Pada Vertical Pipe. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman pacar air (Impatiens hawkeri Bull) merupakan tanaman dengan ciri khas pada keindahan mahkota bunga yang memiliki warna beragam. Potensi penggunaan tanaman ini sangat baik sebagai tanaman hias. Produksi tanaman pacar air dapat terganggu oleh musim. Penurunan produksi dapat terlihat pada tahun 2016 di musim penghujan produktivitas menurun hingga mencapai 4.405,6 ton.ha-1 dari angka 5.632,3 ton.ha-1. Rendahnya produksi tersebut dipengaruhi oleh faktor pengetahuan tentang teknologi, teknik budidaya, dan kualitas lahan konversi. Upaya yang dilakukan yaitu menerapkan sistem vertikultur menggunakan pipa paralon dan memberikan perlakuan khusus seperti penggunaan eco enzyme dan perlakuan pinching. Penelitian ini dilakukan bulan Desember 2021 hingga April 2022 bertempat di Greenhouse lahan percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya Kelurahan Jatimulyo, Kecamatan Lowokwaru, Kota Malang dengan ketinggian tempat 460 mdpl. Alat yang digunakan adalah pipa paralon dengan diameter 10 cm dan panjang 100 cm, penyangga besi, gelas ukur, selang air, oven, leaf area meter (LAM), gunting, hand sprayer, cetok, botol plastik, timbangan analitik, kertas label, alvaboard, kamera, penggaris, amplop kertas, dan alat tulis. Bahan yang digunakan adalah 288 bibit tanaman Impatiens hawkeri Bull dengan panjang sekitar 4 cm, tanah, arang sekam, cocopeat, pupuk NPK Mutiara (16:16:16), eco enzyme, air, fungisida, dan insektisida. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial (RAKF) dengan dua faktor perlakuan. Faktor pertama yaitu E1: tanpa eco enzyme, E2: konsentrasi eco enzyme 5 ml.l-1, dan E3: konsentrasi eco enzyme 10 ml.l-1. Faktor kedua yaitu perlakuan pinching berupa P1: tanpa pinching, P2: single pinching, dan P3: double pinching. Pengulangan dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali sehingga didapatkan total 27 kombinasi perlakuan. Variabel pertumbuhan yaitu panjang tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah cabang, luas daun, kandungan klorofil, bobot kering total tanaman, bobot kering tanaman bagian tajuk, dan bobot kering tanaman bagian akar. Variabel hasil berupa waktu muncul bunga dan jumlah bunga. Data yang diperoleh dari pengamatan dianalisa menggunakan analisa ragam ANOVA pada taraf 5% apabila terdapat interaksi atau berpengaruh nyata dapat dilakukan uji lanjut Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi nyata terjadi pada pemberian eco enzyme dan perlakuan pinching disemua variabel pengamatan. Pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman pacar air terbaik didapatkan pada perlakuan eco enzyme dengan konsentrasi 10 ml.l-1 dan perlakuan double pinching. Pemberian eco enzyme pada konsentrasi 10 ml.l-1 dengan perlakuan double pinching mampu meningkatkan panjang tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah cabang, luas daun, indeks klorofil, bobot kering tanaman, dan jumlah bunga dibandingkan dengan tanpa eco enzyme dan tanpa perlakuan pinching. Bobot kering total tanaman pacar air pada perlakuan tersebut dapat meningkat 4,99 kali lipat dan jumlah bunga tanaman pacar air dapat meningkat sebesar 2,95 kali lipat dibandingkan dengan tanpa eco enzyme dan tanpa perlakuan pinching. Pada komponen waktu muncul bunga tanaman pacar air menunjukkan interaksi nyata pada pemberian eco enzyme konsentrasi 5 ml.l-1 dengan perlakuan double pinching karena rata-rata waktu muncul bunga lebih lambat 9,44 hari dibandingkan perlakuan tanpa eco enzyme dan tanpa pinching.
English Abstract
New Guinea Impatiens (Impatiens hawkeri Bull) is a plant that has crown with a lot varieties of colors. This plant is potentially used as an ornamental plant. But its production depend on the seasons. Productivity decreased to 4.405,6 ton.ha- 1 from 5.632,3 ton.ha-1 in rainy season of 2016. The low production is influenced by many factors such as knowledge about technologies, cultivation techniques, and the quality of conversion land. The solution are being implementation a vertical system using paralon pipes and provide special treatments such as application of eco enzyme and pinching treatment. The research was conducted from December 2021 to April 2022 at the Greenhouse experimental area of the Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Jatimulyo Village, Lowokwaru District, Malang City with an altitude of 460 meter above sea level. The tools used are paralon pipes with a diameter of 10 cm and a length of 100 cm, metal supports, measuring cups, water hose, oven, leaf area meter (LAM), scissors, hand sprayer, punch, plastic bottles, analytical scales, label, alvaboard, camera, ruler, paper envelope, and stationery. The materials used are 288 seed plant of Impatiens hawkeri Bull with a length of about 4 cm, soil, husk charcoal, cocopeat, NPK Mutiara (16:16:16), eco enzyme, water, fungicide and insecticide. This research used a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two factors. The first factor is E1: without eco enzyme, E2: 5 ml.l-1 eco enzyme concentration, and E3: 10 ml.l-1 eco enzyme concentration. The second factor is pinching treatment which consist of P1: without pinching, P2: single pinching, and P3: double pinching. Every treatment repetited 3 times, therefore 27 treatment combinations were obtained. The growth variabels are plant length, number of branches, number of leaves, leaf area, chlorophyll index, total dry weight, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight. The yield variabels are time for the first flowering and number of flowers. The data which is obtained from the observations were analyzed using ANOVA with the rate of 5%, if there is an interaction or significant effect, a further test using the Honest Significant Difference (HSD) with the rate of 5%. The results shows that there is significant interaction occurred in the application of eco enzyme and pinching treatment in all observation variables. The highest result of New Guinea Impatiens’s growth and yield was obtained in the eco enzyme treatment with concentration of 10 ml.l-1 and the double pinching treatment. Application of eco enzyme at concentration of 10 ml.l-1 with double pinching treatment was able to increase plant length, number of leaves, number of branches, leaf area, chlorophyll index, plant dry weight, and number of flowers compared to without eco enzyme and without pinching treatment. The total dry weight of New Guinea Impatiens plants in this treatment increased 4.99 times and the number of flowers of New Guinea Impatiens plants increased 2.95 times compared to without eco enzyme and without pinching treatment. The time of flower appear of Impatiens hawkeri Bull showed a significant interaction with the application of eco enzyme with concentration of 5 ml.l-1 and double pinching treatment because the average time of flowers appear is 9.44 days slower than the treatment without eco enzyme and without pinching.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522040480 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Apr 2023 06:39 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Apr 2023 06:39 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/198158 |
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