Badriyah, Lailatul and Dr. Budi Waluyo, SP., MP (2022) Perbedaan, Keseragaman, Dan Stabilitas Morfologi Genotipe Potensial Padi Gogo Berdasarkan Karakteristik Fenologi. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Padi lokal seperti padi gogo merupakan sumber plasma nutfah yang berpotensi sebagai sumber gen yang mengendalikan sifat-sifat penting pada tanaman padi. Penggalian potensi padi lokal dengan cara karakterisasi tanaman secara morfologi dapat dilakukan berdasarkan perbedaan (Distincness), keseragaman (Uniformity), dan stabilitas (Stability) atau biasa disebut dengan BUSS/DUS. Melalui uji BUSS genotipe padi dikelompokkan berdasarkan perbedaan dan persamaannya sehingga diperoleh kelompok padi dengan karakter tertentu sehingga dapat mempermudah proses seleksi dalam kegiatan pemuliaan tanaman. Selain itu pengetahuan mengenai karakteristik padi lebih bermanfaat apabila didukung dengan pengetahuan mengenai siklus hidup atau fenologi tanaman padi. Studi mengenai fenologi dilakukan untuk mengetahui perubahan morfologi bagian tanaman pada setiap fase perkembangannya. Melalui penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi terkait fenologi dan morfologi pada 10 genotipe padi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Jatimulyo Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. Penelitian berlangsung dari bulan Maret hingga bulan Juni 2022. Penelitian merupakan percobaan eksperimen menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 3 kali ulangan. Pengamatan karakteristik genotipe padi dilaksanakan berdasarkan pada panduan pengukuran fenologi BBCH untuk padi dan panduan karakterisasi DUS dari UPOV. Data hasil pengamatan fenologi dianalisis menggunakan statistika deskriptif yang diperoleh dari data observasi kemudian disajikan secara naratif deskriptif dan menggunakan skala BBCH dengan 2 digit nomor serta dokumentasi pada setiap fase yang diamati. Data hasil pengamatan fenologi setiap galur dikelompokkan berdasarkan fase pertumbuhan. Data karakterisasi morfologi dan agronomi dianalisis menggunakan statistika deskriptif untuk karakter kualitatif dan kuantitatif serta analisis varians untuk karakter hasil per plot. Pengelompokan galur berdasarkan perbedaan karakter morfologi dilakukan berdasarkan analisis bertingkat menggunakan software SPSS kemudian ditampilkan dalam bentuk dendrogram. Penentuan keseragaman dan stabilitas dilakukan berdasarkan nilai koefisien variasi pada setiap genotipe. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa tahap pertumbuhan 10 genotipe padi terdiri dari 10 fase pertumbuhan utama yakni perkecambahan (0), perkembangan daun (1), perkembangan anakan (2), pemanjangan batang (3), bunting (4), perkembangan malai (5), antesis (6), perkembangan bulir (7), pematangan (8), dan penuaan (9) di mana 10 fase tersebut muncul pada waktu yang berbeda pada setiap genotipe. Berdasarkan karakterisasi perbedaan morfologi dan agronomi 10 genotipe padi dikelompokkan menjadi 2 klaster besar yakni klaster 1 yang beranggotakan G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G8, dan G10 kemudian klaster 2 terdiri dari G6, G7, dan G9. Berdasarkan nilai koefisien variasi 10 genotipe padi memiliki morfologi yang seragam dan stabil.
English Abstract
Local rice such as upland rice is a potential source of germplasm as a source of genes controlling important traits in rice plants. Exploring the potential of local rice by morphologically characterizing plants can be done based on distinctness, uniformity, and stability or commonly referred to as DUS. Through the DUS test, rice genotypes will be grouped based on their differences and similarities in order to obtain rice groups with certain characters so as to facilitate the selection process in plant breeding activities. In addition, knowledge of the characteristics of rice will be more useful if it is supported by knowledge of the life cycle or phenology of rice plants. The study of phenology is carried out to determine the morphological changes of plant parts at each stage of its development. This research is expected to provide information related to phenology and morphology in 10 genotypes of rice. The research was carried out at the Jatimulyo Experimental Garden, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. The study took place from March to June 2022. The study was an experimental experiment using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 3 replications. The observation of rice genotype characteristics was carried out based on the phenological measurement guide BBCH for rice and the DUS characterization guide from UPOV. Data from the phenological observations was analyzed using descriptive statistics obtained from the observation data and then presented in a descriptive narrative manner using a BBCH scale with 2-digit numbers and documentation for each phase. The phenological observation data for each genotype was grouped based on the growth phase. Morphological and agronomic characterization data was analyzed using descriptive statistics for qualitative and quantitative characters and analysis of variance for yield per plot characters. Grouping based on morphological characters was carried out based on hierarchical analysis using SPSS software then displayed in the form of a dendrogram. Examining of uniformity and stability was carried out based on the coefficient of variation in each genotype. The results showed that the growth stages of the 10 rice genotypes consisted of 10 main growth stages namely germination (0), leaf development (1), tillering (2), stem elongation (3), booting (4), inflorescence emergence (5), anthesis (6), development of fruits (7), ripening (8), and senescence (9). 10 phenological phases emerge at different times in each genotype. Based on the morphological and agronomic characterization, the 10 genotypes of rice were grouped into 2 major clusters, cluster 1 consisting of G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G8, and G10 then cluster 2 consisting of G6, G7, and G9. Based on coefficient of variation 10 genotypes is considered to be morphologically uniform and stable.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522040439 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Apr 2023 06:38 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Apr 2023 06:38 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/198022 |
![[thumbnail of DALAM MASA EMBARGO]](http://repository.ub.ac.id/style/images/fileicons/text.png) |
Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO)
Lailatul Badriyah.pdf Restricted to Registered users only until 31 December 2024. Download (5MB) |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |