Pengaruh Media Limbah Dan Umur Biakan Jamur Beauveria Bassiana Terhadap Patogenisitasnya Pada Larva Spodoptera Litura

Octaviani, Ismi and Prof. Dr. Ir. Aminudin Afandhi,, MS. and Dr. Silvi Ikawati, SP., MP. Msc (2022) Pengaruh Media Limbah Dan Umur Biakan Jamur Beauveria Bassiana Terhadap Patogenisitasnya Pada Larva Spodoptera Litura. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Serangga Spodoptera litura F. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) atau ulat grayak merupakan hama penting di dunia yang bersifat polifag dan dapat menyerang berbagai tanaman inang seperti sayuran serta palawija. Kegiatan pengendalian hama ulat grayak dapat menerapkan teknologi pengelolaan hama terpadu. Jamur entomopatogen menjadi pengendalian yang sering digunakan karena merupakan jamur yang dapat hidup sebagai parasit pada serangga. Salah satu jamur yang diketahui efektif dalam mengendalikan serangga adalah Beauveria bassiana. Dalam produksinya, jamur B. bassiana juga membutuhkan media produksi yang kaya nutrisi, kelembapan, dan kadar oksigen yang sesuai untuk pertumbuhan dan sporulasinya. Jenis media yang berasal dari limbah pertanian menjadi media produksi yang mulai diminati karena mengandung nutrisi yang dibutuhkan untuk pertumbuhan jamur B. bassiana. Selain kaya nutrisi, juga membutuhkan media alternatif yang relatif murah dan mudah didapat agar dapat dilakukan perbanyakan jamur entomopatogen sendiri oleh para petani. Umumnya media yang digunakan lebih mahal seperti Potato Dextrose Agar, sehingga dibutuhkan media murah, mudah, dan nutrisi sesuai bagi pertumbuhan B. bassiana seperti bekatul padi, kulit ari kedelai, dan sekam padi. Umur biakan pada media juga menentukan tingkat kesesuaian bagi pertumbuhan dan patogenisitas B. bassiana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis media dengan umur biakan tertinggi untuk pertumbuhan dan patogenisitas jamur B. bassiana terhadap larva S. litura. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pengendalian Hayati, Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai April 2022 – Juli 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 12 perlakuan yang terdiri dari 4 jenis media dan 3 umur biakan yaitu media PDA umur biakan 7 hari setelah inokulasi (HSI) (P1), media bekatul padi umur biakan 7 HSI (P2), media kulit ari kedelai umur biakan 7 HSI (P3), media sekam padi umur biakan 7 HSI (P4), media PDA umur biakan 14 HSI (P5), media bekatul padi umur biakan 14 HSI (P6), media kulit ari kedelai umur biakan 14 HSI (P7), media sekam padi umur biakan 14 HSI (P8), media PDA umur biakan 21 HSI (P9), media bekatul padi umur biakan 21 HSI (P10), media kulit ari kedelai umur biakan 21 HSI (P11), media sekam padi umur biakan 21 HSI (P12). Masing- masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali hingga diperoleh 36 unit percobaan. Isolat jamur B. bassiana diperoleh dari koleksi laboratorium Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa bekatul padi pada umur biakan 21 HSI menjadi media dengan umur biakan tertinggi untuk variabel kerapatan konidia, viabilitas konidia, diameter koloni, serta mampu menghasilkan patogenisitas B. bassiana terhadap larva S. litura tertinggi yaitu 50% dan mempercepat waktu kematian 50 % larva S. litura dalam waktu 6,607 hari.

English Abstract

Spodoptera Litura F. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) insects or fall armyworm are important pests in the world that are polifag and can attack various host plants such as vegetables and crops. Activities for controlling fall armyworm can apply integrated pest management technology. Entomopathogen fungus become controls that are often used because they can live as parasites on insects. One of the fungi that is known to be effective in controlling insects is Beauveria Bassiana. In its production, B. Bassiana also requires a production medium that is rich in nutrition, humidity, and oxygen levels that are suitable for growth and sporulation. The types of medium that comes from agricultural waste is becoming a production medium that is starting to be in demand because it contains the nutrients needed for the growth of B. Bassiana fungus. In addition to being rich in nutrients, it also requires alternative media that are relatively cheap and easy to obtain so that farmers can propagate entomopathogen fungus themselves. Generally the media used are more expensive such as Potato Dextrose Agar, it takes economics, easy, and nutritional medium is suitable for the growth of B. Bassiana such as rice pollard, soybean, and rice husk. The age of culture in the media also determines the level of suitability for the growth and pathogenicity of B. bassiana. The aims of this study is to determine the type of media with the highest culture age for the growth and pathogenicity of the fungus B. bassiana against S. litura larvae. The research was conducted at the Biological Control Laboratory, Department of Pests and Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Malang. The study was conducted from April 2022 – July 2022. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) method with 12 treatments consisting of 4 types of media and 3 ages of culture, namely PDA media at 7 days after inoculation (HSI) (P1), rice pollard media at 7 HSI (P2), media Soybean epidermis culture age 7 DAI (P3), rice husk media culture 7 DAI (P4), PDA media culture age 14 DAI (P5), rice pollard media culture 14 DAI (P6), soybean husk media culture age 14 HSI (P7), rice husk media at culture age 14 DAI (P8), PDA media at culture age 21 DAI (P9), rice pollard media at culture age 21 DAI (P10), soybean husk media at culture age 21 DAI (P11), media rice husks cultured age 21 DAI (P12). Each treatment was repeated three times to obtain 36 experimental units. B. bassiana isolates were obtained from the collection of the Laboratory of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya. Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded that rice pollard at 21 HSI was the medium with the highest culture age for variables of conidia density, conidia viability, colony diameter, and was able to produce the highest pathogenicity of B. bassiana against S. litura larvae, namely 50% and accelerated the death time of 50% of S. litura larvae within 6,607 days.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	0522040431
Subjects:	300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi
Depositing User:	Nur Cholis
Date Deposited:	05 Apr 2023 03:27
Last Modified:	05 Apr 2023 03:27
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/198001

Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO) Ismi Octaviani.pdf Restricted to Registered users only until 31 December 2024. Download (2MB)

Actions (login required)

View Item