Simatupang, Gabriela and Prof. Dr. Ir. Aminudin Afandhi and Dr. Silvi Ikawati, (2022) Pengaruh Jenis Media Limbah Pertanian Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Konidia Serta Patogenisitas Jamur Beauveria Bassiana Pada Larva Spodoptera Litura Fabricius. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Ulat grayak Spodoptera litura F. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) adalah salah satu hama penting pemakan daun yang menyerang berbagai jenis tanaman. Hama ini tersebar luas di berbagai negara, termasuk Indonesia, India, China, Jepang dan berbagai negara di Asia Tenggara. Upaya pengendalian hama S. litura dengan menggunakan pestisida sintetik menimbulkan berbagai dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan dan manusia. Pengendalian hayati menggunakan jamur B. bassiana dapat menjadi solusi pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan. Dalam upaya mengurangi biaya perbanyakan massal jamur B. bassiana, limbah pertanian dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai media biakan alternatif untuk meningkatkan hasil produksi dan patogenisitas jamur B. bassiana pada larva S. litura. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis media limbah pertanian, yaitu dedak padi, bekatul padi, kulit ari kedelai, dan kombinasinya terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi, dan patogenisitas jamur B. bassiana pada ulat grayak S. litura. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April hingga Juli 2022 di Laboratorium Pengendalian Hayati 2, Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan delapan perlakuan, yaitu media PDA (kontrol), dedak padi, bekatul padi, kulit ari kedelai, dedak padi + bekatul padi, dedak padi + kulit ari kedelai, bekatul padi + kulit ari kedelai, dan dedak padi + bekatul padi + kulit ari kedelai. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Uji patogenisitas jamur B. bassiana terhadap larva S. litura dilakukan dengan metode celup. Setiap perlakuan menggunakan 10 ekor larva S. litura instar 3. Variabel pengamatan yang diteliti adalah diameter koloni jamur, kerapatan konidia, viabilitas konidia, nilai LT50, dan mortalitas total larva S. litura. Data dianalisis menggunakan sidik ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan taraf 5%. Data waktu kematian larva S. litura dianalisis menggunakan analisis probit untuk mendapatkan nilai LT50. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media limbah pertanian mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan, produksi dan patogenisitas jamur B. bassiana terhadap ulat grayak S. litura. Jamur B. bassiana yang diperbanyak pada media dedak padi menghasilkan rerata diameter koloni tertinggi, yaitu 8,96 cm. Namun secara statistik, hasilnya sama dengan diameter koloni jamur B. bassiana pada media kulit ari kedelai (6,76 cm), media dedak padi + kulit ari kedelai (7,56 cm), dan media bekatul padi + kulit ari kedelai (8,16 cm). Kerapatan konidia jamur B. bassiana tertinggi diperoleh pada media bekatul padi + kulit ari kedelai (19,46 x 107 konidia/ml), viabilitas konidia jamur B. bassiana tertinggi diperoleh pada media kulit ari kedelai (82,98%), nilai LT50 tercepat diperoleh dari media kulit ari kedelai (80,329 jam) dan mortalitas larva S. litura akibat infeksi jamur B. bassiana tertinggi diperoleh dari media kulit ari kedelai (83,33%). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa media kulit ari kedelai dan kombinasinya layak digunakan untuk produksi massal jamur B. bassiana.
English Abstract
The armyworm Spodoptera litura F. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is one of the important leaf-eating pests that attack various types of plants. This pest is widespread in various countries, including Indonesia, India, China, Japan and various countries in Southeast Asia. Efforts to control S. litura pests by using synthetic pesticides cause various negative impacts on the environment and humans. Biological control using the fungus B. bassiana can be an environment-friendly control method solution. In an effort to reduce the cost of mass propagation of B. bassiana, agricultural waste can be used as an alternative culture medium to increase the production and pathogenicity of B. bassiana on S. litura larvae. This study aims to determine the effect of agricultural waste media types, including rice bran, rice bran, soybean husk, and their combination on the growth, production, and pathogenicity of the fungus B. bassiana on armyworm S. litura. The research was conducted from April to July 2022 at the Biological Control Laboratory 2, Department of Pests and Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Malang. The study was conducted using a completely randomized design, with eight treatments, including PDA media (control), rice bran, rice polish, soybean husk, rice bran + rice polish, rice bran + soybean husk, rice polish + soybean husk, and rice bran + rice polish + soybean husk. Each treatment was repeated three times. The pathogenicity test of the fungus B. bassiana against S. litura larvae was carried out by the dip method. Each treatment used 10 instar 3 S. litura larvae. The observed variables were fungal colony diameter, conidia density, conidia viability, Median Lethal Time (LT50), and total mortality of S. litura larvae. Data were analyzed using variance and continued with Duncan's test level of 5%. Data on the mortality time of S. litura larvae were analyzed using probit analysis to obtain the LT50 value. The results showed that agricultural waste media was able to increase the growth, production, and pathogenicity of the fungus B. bassiana against the armyworm S. litura. The fungus B. bassiana propagated on rice bran media produced the highest mean colony diameter, which is 8,96 cm. However, statistically, the results were the same as the diameter of the colonies B. bassiana on soybean husk media (6,76 cm), rice bran + soybean husk media (7,56 cm), and rice polish + soybean husk media (8,16 cm). The highest conidia density of B. bassiana was obtained on rice polish + soybean husk media (19,46 x 107 conidia/ml), the highest conidia viability of B. bassiana was obtained on soybean husk media (82,98%), the fastest LT50 value was obtained on soybean husk media (80,329 hours) and the highest mortality of S. litura larvae due to fungal infection of B. bassiana was obtained on soybean husk media (83,33%). These results indicate that soybean husk media and its combination are suitable for mass production of the fungus B. bassiana.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522040417 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Apr 2023 01:04 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Apr 2023 01:04 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/197948 |
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