Rosidah, Fitriani and Dr.Agr.Sc. Hagus Tarno, SP., MP (2022) Keanekaragaman Arthropoda Pada Tanaman Apel Polikultur Tanaman Semusim Dan Tanaman Hias Di Kecamatan Bumiaji, Kota Batu. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Keanekaragaman hayati meliputi flora dan fauna sangat tinggi di Indonesia. Salah satunya yaitu arthropoda, dimana keanekaragaman arthropoda memiliki dampak bagi keseimbangan ekosistem pertanian. Apel (Malus sylvestris Mill.) merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultura yang banyak dibudidaya di Kota Batu. Namun, hama merupakan permasalahan yang ada dalam kegiatan budidaya apel. Usaha yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut yaitu dengan pola tanam polikultur. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman arthropoda pada tanaman apel polikultur tanaman semusim dan tanaman hias. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Sumbergondo dan Desa Bulukerto, Kecamatan Bumiaji, serta Laboratorium Hama Tumbuhan, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, pada bulan Januari sampai Juni 2022. Penelitian dilakukan pada lahan apel polikultur tanaman hias atau tanaman hortensia dan lahan apel polikultur tanaman semusim atau tanaman cabai. Pada satu lahan penelitian terdiri lima subplot, dimana satu subplot terdiri dari beberapa perangkap yang meliputi lima pitfall trap, satu yellow pan trap dan empat yellow sticky trap. Selain itu, dilakukan pengukuran iklim mikro yang meliputi suhu dan kelembaban menggunakan alat thermohygrometer. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan sebanyak 10 kali dengan interval waktu dua hari sekali. Data keanekaragaman arthropoda yang ditemukan di analisis menggunakan software R-studio. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi pada kedua lahan penelitian ditemukan 6 kelas, 20 ordo dan 93 famili. Dimana pada lahan apel polikultur tanaman hias ditemukan 6 kelas, 20 ordo dan 83 famili, sedangkan pada polikultur semusim ditemukan 5 kelas, 15 ordo dan 61 famili. Hasil Analisa peran ekologi yang ditemukan didapatkan bahwa arthropoda yang berperan sebagai dekomposer memiliki kelimpahan individunya lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan peranan lainnya. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman Shannon- Weiner (H’) didapatkan hasil bahwa pada lahan apel polikultur tanaman semusim (H’=1,26-2,52) lebih tinggi daripada lahan apel polikultur tanaman hias (H’=1,49- 1,79). Dari hasil uji T terhadap kelimpahan individu menunjukkan hasil berbeda secara signifikan (P<0,008). Sedangkan uji T terhadap kelimpahan famili pada kedua lahan penelitian menunjukkan hasil berbeda secara signifikan(P<0,000006). Berdasarkan kesamaan famili ditemukan 50 famili yang sama pada kedua lahan penelitian.
English Abstract
Biodiversity which includes flora and fauna is very high in Indonesia. One of them is arthropods, where the diversity of arthropods has an impact on the balance of agricultural ecosystems. Apple (Malus sylvestris Mill.) is one of the most widely cultivated horticultural commodities in Batu City. However, pests are a problem in apple cultivation activities. Efforts that can be made to overcome these problems are with polyculture cropping patterns. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of arthropods in polyculture apple crops, annuals and ornamental plants. The research was carried out in Sumbergondo Village and Bulukerto Village, Bumiaji District, as well as the Plant Pest Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, from January to June 2022. The research was carried out on polyculture apple fields of ornamental plants or hydrangeas and apple fields. polyculture of seasonal crops or chili plants. In one research area there are five subplots, where one subplot consists of several traps which include five pitfall traps, one yellow pan trap and four yellow sticky traps. In addition, measurements of the microclimate which include temperature and humidity were carried out using a thermohygrometer. Sampling was carried out 10 times with an interval of once every two days. Arthropod diversity data found were analyzed using R-studio software. Based on the identification results in the two research areas, 6 classes, 20 orders and 93 families were found. Where in apple polyculture, ornamental plants were found 6 classes, 20 orders and 83 families, while in seasonal polycultures found 5 classes, 15 orders and 61 families. The results of the analysis of ecological roles found that arthropods that act as decomposers had a higher individual abundance compared to other roles. The value of the Shannon-Weiner diversity index (H') showed that the apple polyculture area for seasonal crops (H'=1.26-2.52) was higher than the ornamental plant polyculture apple field (H'=1.49-1.79). From the results of the T test on the abundance of individuals, the results were significantly different (P < 0.008). Meanwhile, the T-test on the abundance of families in the two research lands showed significantly different results (P<0.000006). Based on the similarity of families, 50 families were found in the two research areas.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522040414 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Apr 2023 06:17 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Apr 2023 06:17 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/197933 |
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