Respon Tanaman Kubis Bunga (Brassica Oleracea Var. Botritys L.) Terhadap Berbagai Dosis Pupuk Kandang Sapi Dan Pgpr (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria)

Azizi, Fakhrizal and Prof. Dr. Ir. Sudiarso,, MS. and Kartika Yurlisa, SP., M. Sc. (2022) Respon Tanaman Kubis Bunga (Brassica Oleracea Var. Botritys L.) Terhadap Berbagai Dosis Pupuk Kandang Sapi Dan Pgpr (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Kubis bunga (Brassica oleraceae var. botrytis L.) merupakan salah satu sayuran yang memiliki nilai komersial dan pengembangan yang baik. Produksi kubis bunga masih fluktuatif dari tahun ke tahun. Produksi kubis bunga di Jawa Timur dari tahun 2017 hingga 2019 fluktuatif dengan data 3 tahun terakhir berturut- turut mulai tahun 2017 sebesar 256.836 ton, tahun 2018 sebesar 217.507 ton, dan tahun 2019 sebesar 225.819 ton (Badan Pusat Statistik dan Direktorat Jenderal Hortikultura, 2020). Teknik budidaya menggunakan pupuk anorganik berlebih berdampak pada penurunan kesuburan dan keberlanjutan tanah. Pemberian pupuk organik disertai pupuk anorganik sesuai dosis rekomendasi dapat meningkatkan kesuburan tanah dan menjaga keberlanjutan tanah. Pupuk organik yang digunakan adalah pupuk kandang sapi dengan tujuan memperbaiki sifat fisika dan kimia tanah, meningkatkan daya tahan air, memperbaiki struktur tanah agar mudah diolah, dan meningkatkan kapasitas tukar kation tanah sehingga hara tanaman tidak mudah tercuci. Upaya lain yang dapat dilakukan dalam meningkatkan produksi kubis bunga yaitu dengan memberikan perlakuan Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) atau bakteri pemacu pertumbuhan yang hidup berkoloni di perakaran tanaman. Keberadaan PGPR akan memberikan dampak baik bagi tanaman karena mampu membantu dalam proses fisiologi tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui interaksi antara pupuk kandang sapi dan PGPR terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kubis bunga. Hipotesis penelitian ini yaitu terdapat interaksi antara pupuk kandang sapi dan PGPR pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kubis bunga. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Jatimulyo, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya di Desa Jatimulyo, Kecamatan Lowokwaru, Kota Malang pada bulan September sampai Desember 2021. Alat yang digunakan pada penelitian ini antara lain: cangkul, sekop, tray persemaian, meteran, penggaris, jangka sorong, gunting, dan kamera. Bahan yang digunakan antara lain: benih kubis bunga Bima 45, pupuk kandang sapi, 100 kg ha-1 pupuk ZA, 75 kg ha-1 pupuk SP-36, 120 kg ha- 1 pupuk KCl, 225 kg ha-1 pupuk NPK, insektisida curacron 500 EC, dan PGPR merk Maxigrow. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi (Split-Plot) faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama adalah dosis pemberian pupuk kandang sapi dengan 4 taraf yaitu K0 = kontrol, K1 = 15 ton/ha, K2 = 30 ton/ha, dan K3 = 45 ton/ha. Faktor kedua adalah dosis pemberian PGPR dengan 3 taraf yaitu P0 = 0 liter/ha, P1 = 5 liter/ha dan P2 = 10 liter/ha. Data pengamatan yang telah didapatkan dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam dengan uji F pada taraf 5%. Apabila berpengaruh nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlakuan dosis pupuk kandang sapi mempengaruhi perlakuan dosis PGPR pada pengamatan pertumbuhan yaitu pada paremeter tinggi tanaman umur 3 MST dan parameter jumlah daun umur 1 MST. Perlakuan pupuk kandang sapi dan PGPR tidak vii berpengaruh nyata terhadap pengamatan hasil (bobot total sampel tanaman per petak, bobot bunga per petak panen dan bobot bunga per hektar). Terdapat respon dari pemberian pupuk kandang sapi dengan meningkatkan rata-rata tinggi tanaman sebesar 10% dan luas daun 26% jika dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol. Terdapat respon dari pemberian PGPR dan pupuk kandang terhadap umur muncul bunga pada kubis bunga. Perlakuan kontrol memberikan respon umur muncul bunga yang lebih cepat jika dibandingkan dengan perlakuan PGPR 5 liter ha-1 dan 10 liter ha-1. Pemberian pupuk kandang sapi 15 ton ha-1 dan 30 ton ha-1 menghasilkan umur muncul bunga lebih cepat jika dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol.

English Abstract

Cauliflower (Brassica oleraceae var. botrytis L.) is vegetable that has good commercial value and development. Cauliflower production still fluctuating from year to year. The production in East Java from 2017 to 2019 fluctuated with data for the last 3 years starting in 2017 of 256,836 tons, in 2018 of 217,507 tons, and in 2019 of 225,819 tons (Central Bureau of Statistics and Directorate General of Horticulture, 2020). Cultivation techniques using excessive anorganic fertilizers have an impact on decreasing soil fertility and sustainability. Provision of organic fertilizers combined with anorganic fertilizers according to the recommended dose can increase soil fertility and maintain soil sustainability. The organic fertilizer used was cow manure with the aim of improving the physical and chemical properties of the soil, increasing water resistance, improving soil structure so that it is easy to cultivate, and increasing the cation exchange capacity of the soil so that plant nutrients are not easily washed out. Another effort that can be made to increase the production of cauliflower was by giving Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) treatment or growth-promoting bacteria that live in colonies on plant roots. The existence of PGPR would have a good impact on plants because it could help in plant physiological processes. This study aims to determine the interaction between cow manure and PGPR on the growth and yield of flower cabbage. The hypothesis of this research is that there is an interaction between cow manure and PGPR on the growth and yield of flower cabbage. The research was carried out at the Jatimulyo Experimental Garden, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya in Jatimulyo Village, Lowokwaru District, Malang City from September 2021 until December 2021. The tools used in this study included: hoe, shovel, nursery tray, meter, ruler, caliper, scissors, and a camera. The materials used include: Bima 45 cauliflower seeds, cow manure, 100 kg ha-1 ZA fertilizer, 75 kg ha-1 SP-36 fertilizer, 120 kg ha-1 KCl fertilizer, 225 kg ha-1 NPK fertilizer, insecticide curacron 500 EC, and brand PGPR. Maxigrow. This study used a factorial Split-Plot Design with 2 factors. The first factor was the dose of cow manure with 4 levels, namely K0 = control, K1 = 15 tons/ha, K2 = 30 tons/ha, and K3 = 45 tons/ha. The second factor was the dose of PGPR with 3 levels, namely P0 = 0 liters/ha, P1 = 5 liters/ha and P2 = 10 liters/ha. Observational data that has been obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance with the F test at the 5% level. If it has a significant effect, then it is continued with the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at the 5% level. The results of the research that have been carried out can be concluded that the treatment of cow manure affects the PGPR treatment on growth observations, namely in the parameter of plant height at 3 WAP and the number of leaves at 1 WAP. Treatment of cow manure and PGPR had no significant effect on yield observations (total weight of plant samples per plot, weight of flowers per harvest plot and weight of flowers per hectare). There was a response from the application of cow manure by increasing the average plant height by 10% and leaf area by 26% when compared to the control treatment. There was a response from the provision of PGPR and manure to the age of flower emergence on flower cabbage. The control treatment gave a faster response to flowering age when compared to the PGPR treatment of 5 liters ha-1 and 10 liters ha-1. The application of cow manure 15 tons ha-1 and 30 tons ha-1 resulted in faster flower emergence when compared to the control treatment.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	0522040403
Subjects:	300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi
Depositing User:	Nur Cholis
Date Deposited:	04 Apr 2023 03:35
Last Modified:	04 Apr 2023 03:35
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/197900

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