Rosyadi, Ahmad Dicky and Ika Atsari Dewi, STP , MP and Hendrix Yulis Setyawan, STP , M.Si, Ph.D (2022) Karakterisasi Sifat Fisikokimia Arang Hasil Pirolisis Serabut Buah Pinang (Areca cathechu L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Pinang (Areca catechu L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman perkebunan yang tumbuh disebagian daerah Indonesia terutama di Pulau Sumatra. Luas lahan pinang Indonesia diperkirakan mencapai 137.000 ha dengan produksi 47.000 ton. Berat serabut pinang mencapai 70% dari total berat buah. Pemanfaatan serabut buah pinang perlu dilakukan agar menjadi produk yang berguna. Alternatif pengolahan serabut pinang dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan proses pirolisis. Pirolisis merupakan proses dekomposisi termokimia yang menghasilkan arang. Faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil pirolisis yaitu suhu. Suhu yang berbeda pada proses pirolisis dapat mempengaruhi karakteristik arang. Manfaat dan kegunaan arang antara lain sebagai bahan deodoran, penyaringan, pewarna, dan bahan bakar (briket). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh suhu pirolisis terhadap karakteristik arang serabut buah pinang yang dihasilkan. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), faktor yang digunakan dalam penelitian terdiri 6 level suhu yaitu 350oC. 400oC, 450oC, 500oC, 550oC dan 600oC. Lama waktu proses pirolisis setiap level suhu yaitu 2 jam. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga diperoleh 18 kali percobaan. Arang hasil pirolisis dilakukan karakterisasi yaitu kadar air, kadar abu, kadar volatile matter, kadar fixed carbon, dan SEM-EDX. Penelitian arang serabut pinang menunjukkan hubungan suhu terhadap kadar air, kadar abu, volatile matter, dan fixed carbon berpengaruh nyata. Berdasarkan metode zeleny diketahui suhu 500oC merupakan perlakuan terbaik dangan nilai kadar air 3,21%, kadar abu 12,13%, volatile matter 15,30% dan fixed carbon 69,35%. Uji SEM-EDX yang dilakukan pada suhu 400 oC, 500 oC, dan 600oC menunjukkan bahwa banyak pori-pori pada arang dan kandungan karbon terbanyak terdapat pada arang suhu 600oC.
English Abstract
Areca nut (Areca catechu L.) is one of the plantation crops that grows in parts of Indonesia, especially on the island of Sumatra. The area of Indonesian areca nut is estimated to reach 137,000 ha with a production of 47,000 tons. The weight of areca fibers reaches 70% of the total weight of the fruit. Handling of areca fibers needs to be done in order to become a useful product. Alternative processing of areca fibers can be done using the pyrolysis process. Pyrolysis is a thermochemical decomposition process that produces char. Factors that affect the results of pyrolysis are temperature. Different temperatures in the pyrolysis process can affect the characteristics of char. The benefits and uses of char include deodorants, filters, dyes, and fuel (briquettes). The purpose of the study is to determine the effect of pyrolysis temperature on the characteristics of areca fiber char. The research design used a randomized block design and the factors used in the study consisted of 6 temperature levels, 350oC, 400oC, 450oC, 500oC, 550oC and 600oC. The length of time for the pyrolysis process at each temperature level was 2 hours. Each treatment was repeated 3 times so that 18 trials were obtained. The char was tested for characterization in the form of moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and SEM-EDX. Research on areca fiber char showed that the relationship between temperature and moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, and fixed carbon had a significant effect. Based on the Zeleny method, it was known that a temperature of 500oC was the best treatment with the value of moisture content 3,21%, ash content 12,13%, volatile matter 15,30%, and fixed carbon 69.35%. The SEM-EDX test conducted at 400oC, 500oC, and 600oC showed many pores in the char and the highest carbon content was found at 600oC.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522100299 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Arang, Pirolisis, Serabut Buah Pinang,Areca Fiber, Char, Pyrolysis. |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Industri Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Jan 2023 02:10 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Jan 2023 02:10 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/196568 |
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