Putri, Nanda Alifiah Sekar and Prof.Dr.Ir. Lita Soetopo (2022) Induksi Poliploidi Menggunakan Kolkisin Pada Tanaman Anggrek Dendrobium Wulaiense Howcroft X D. Lithocola D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem Secara In Vivo. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Anggrek Dendrobium ialah tanaman hias yang mempunyai nilai estetika tinggi dan termasuk ke dalam famili Orchidaceae yang banyak tersebar di dunia. Anggrek banyak diminati karena memiliki berbagai macam karakteristik unik sehingga menimbulkan variasi baru dan memiliki daya tarik tersendiri. Namun semakin lama beberapa spesies anggrek Dendrobium semakin jarang bahkan terancam punah sehingga perlu dilakukan perbanyakan dan perbaikan tanaman anggrek untuk melestarikannya (Stocker et al., 2000). Poliploidi merupakan salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan dalam memperbaiki karakter tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi kolkisin yang tepat yang dapat menghasilkan poliploidi pada anggrek Dendrobium wulaiense Howcroft x Dendrobium lithocola D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem secara in vivo. Hipotesis dari penelitian ini ialah induksi kolkisin pada konsentrasi tertentu dapat menghasilkan poliploidi pada anggrek Dendrobium wulaiense Howcroft x Dendrobium lithocola D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem secara in vivo serta dapat menyebabkan adanya perubahan pada karakter morfologi, anatomi maupun sitologi. Pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan di Soerjanto Orchid Batu, Laboratorium Bioteknologi dan Laboratorium Pemuliaan Tanaman Jurusan Budidaya Pertanian Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April hingga Juli 2019. Bahan tanam yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah bibit anggrek Dendrobium wulaiense Howcroft x Dendrobium lithocola D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem yang diperbanyak melalui biji dari hasil persilangan. Umur bibit yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah bibit anggrek yang telah diaklimatisasi selama tiga bulan. Bahan lain yang digunakan adalah akar bibit tanaman anggrek Dendrobium wulaiense Howcroft x Dendrobium lithocola D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem, kolkisin, hidroxyquinolin, aquades, asam asetat, HCl 1 N, aceto orcein, spirtus, tisu, cat kuku bening, kertas label. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Pantone Color Charts, penggaris, jangka sorong, tray, flexibel pot ukuran 1,5 inch, botol, spuit injeksi 1 ml, plastik, tube, pipet, pinset, kaca preparat, cover glass, gelas arloji, silet, bunsen, waterbath, mikroskop Olympus, alat tulis, dan kamera. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ialah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari enam perlakuan konsentrasi dengan empat kali ulangan yaitu K0 (Konsentrasi 0 ppm (kontrol)), K1 (Konsentrasi 1000 ppm), K2 (Konsentrasi 2000 ppm), K3 (Konsentrasi 3000 ppm), K4 (Konsentrasi 4000 ppm), dan K5 (Konsentrasi 5000 ppm). Variabel pengamatan yang digunakan terdiri dari pengamatan morfologi (umur muncul akar baru (HSP), jumlah akar baru, panjang akar baru, umur muncul daun baru (HSP), jumlah daun baru, panjang daun baru, lebar daun baru, tebal daun baru, warna daun baru, panjang tanaman), pengamatan anatomi (rata-rata jumlah stomata, kerapatan stomata, panjang stomata, lebar stomata), dan pengamatan sitologi (jumlah kromosom). ii Hasil penelitian menggunakan kolkisin dengan beberapa tingkat konsentrasi pada anggrek Dendrobium wulaiense Howcroft X Dendrobium lithocola D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. dapat menyebabkan perubahan karakter morfologi, anatomi, dan sitologi. Variabel umur muncul daun baru, jumlah stomata, dan kerapatan stomata memberikan hasil yang berbeda nyata, setelah dilakukan uji lanjut menggunakan BNT 5%. Konsentrasi kolkisin yang dapat menginduksi anggrek Dendrobium wulaiense Howcroft X Dendrobium lithocola D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. menjadi tanaman tetraploid dengan jumlah kromosom 76 ialah konsentrasi 3000 ppm dan 4000 ppm
English Abstract
Dendrobium orchid is an ornamental plant that has high aesthetic value and belongs to the family Orchidaceae which is widely spread in the world. Orchid has great demand because it has a variety of unique characteristics that give rise to new variations and has its own charm. But some Dendrobium orchid species are increasingly rare and even endangered so orchid plants need to be multiplied and repaired to preserve them (Stocker et al., 2000). Polyploidy is one method that can be used to improve plant characteristics. This study aims to determine the right colchicine concentration that can produce polyploidy in orchids Dendrobium wulaiense Howcroft x Dendrobium lithocola D.L.Jones & M.A. Clem in vivo. The hypothesis of this study is that the induction of colchicine at certain concentrations can produce polyploidy in Dendrobium wulaiense Howcroft x Dendrobium lithocola D.L.Jones & M.A. Clem in vivo and can cause changes in morphological, anatomical and cytological characters. The research was conducted at Soerjanto Orchid Batu, Biotechnology Laboratory and Plant Breeding Laboratory, Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya. The research conducted from April to July 2019. The planting material used in this study is Dendrobium wulaiense Howcroft x Dendrobium lithocola D.L.Jones & M.A. Clem which was propagated through seeds from the results of crosses that had been acclimatized for three months. Other ingredients used were the roots of Dendrobium wulaiense Howcroft x Dendrobium lithocola D.L.Jones & M.A. Clem, colchicine, hydroxyquinolin, aquades, acetic acid, HCl 1 N, aceto orcein, spirtus, tissue, nail polish clear, label paper. The tool used in this study was the Pantone Color Charts, ruler, calipers, tray, 1.5 inch flexible pots, bottles, 1 ml spuit injection, plastic, tube, pipette, tweezers, preparat glass, cover glass, glass watches, razors, bunsen, waterbath, Olympus microscopes, stationery, and cameras. The design used in the study was Randomized Block Design consisting of six treatment concentrations with four replications, namely K0 (0 ppm concentration (control)), K1 (1000 ppm concentration), K2 (2000 ppm concentration), K3 (concentration 3000 ppm), K4 (4000 ppm concentration), and K5 (5000 ppm concentration). Observation variabels used consisted of morphological observations (age of new root emergence (DAT), number of roots, root length, age of new leaf emergence (DAT), number of leaves, leaf length, leaft width, leaf thickness, leaf color, plant length), anatomical observations (number of stomata, density of stomata, length of stomata, width of stomata), and cytological observations (number of chromosome). The results of the study used colchicine with several concentrations in the Dendrobium wulaiense Howcroft X Dendrobium lithocola D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. can cause changes in morphological, anatomical, and cytological characters. The results of the analysis of variance showed that the age variables of new leaves appeared, the number of stomata, and the density of stomata gave significantly different results after further tests using BNT 5%. Concentration of iv colchicine that can induce orchid Dendrobium wulaiense Howcroft X Dendrobium lithocola D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. into a tetraploid plant with chromosome number 76 is a concentration of 3000 ppm and 4000 ppm.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522040263 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 03 Jan 2023 02:56 |
| Last Modified: | 03 Jan 2023 02:56 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/196536 |
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