Alfarizki, Randy Aprilia and Irnia Nurika, STP, MP, PhD and Dr. Ir. Nur Hidayat, MP. (2022) Pengaruh Penambahan Sukrosa dan Amonium Nitrat Terhadap Pertumbuhan Paenibacillus sp. sebagai Bakteri Pendegradasi Lignin pada Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Limbah TKKS (Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit) adalah limbah yang dihasilkan dari proses pengolahan kelapa sawit dan termasuk bahan lignoselulosa yang berpotensi untuk dikonversi menjadi sumber energi terbarukan karena tersusun atas komponen utama berupa hemiselulosa 15,32%, selulosa 55,75%, dan lignin 28,93%. Untuk mengkonversi TKKS tersebut diperlukan suatu proses pretreatment untuk menghilangkan kandungan lignin yang dapat membuat bahan lignoselulosa sulit didegradasi oleh bakteri. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pretreatment secara biologis menggunakan Paenibacillus sp. sebagai bakteri pendegradasi lignin. Paenibacillus sp. dapat menghasilkan enzim Dyp-type peroxidases tipe A yang mampu mendegradasi lignin. Untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan serta aktivitas enzim pendegradasi lignin pada bakteri Paenibacillus sp., dilakukan penambahan sumber karbon berupa sukrosa dan sumber nitrogen berupa amonium nitrat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan sukrosa dan amonium nitrat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Paenibacillus sp. serta pengaruhnya terhadap kemampuan degradasi tandan kosong kelapa sawit. Rancangan penelitian yang dilakukan berupa Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola tersarang dengan dua faktor. Faktor utama (A) berupa perlakuan penambahan karbon dan nitrogen serta faktor tersarang (B) berupa waktu pengamatan setiap 6 jam sampai 7 hari yang terdiri dari 6 perlakuan berupa kultur TKKS tanpa perlakuan, kultur TKKS perlakuan dengan Paenibacillus sp., kultur TKKS perlakuan dengan Paenibacillus sp. + 2,5% sukrosa, Kultur TKKS perlakuan dengan Paenibacillus sp. + 0,1% amonium nitrat, kultur TKKS perlakuan dengan Paenibacillus sp. + 2,5% sukrosa + 0,1% amonium nitrat, dan kultur TKKS perlakuan dengan Paenibacillus sp. + 5% sukrosa + 0,2% amonium nitrat. Dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak 3 kali pada enam perlakuan tersebut dan pengambilan data pertumbuhan bakteri dilakukan setiap 6 jam sekali selama 7 hari. Analisa data dilakukan menggunakan uji nested ANOVA serta uji DMRT. Pola pertumbuhan bakteri Paenibacillus sp. tertinggi didapatkan pada perlakuan A3 dan A6 pada waktu inkubasi 0 jam sampai 144 jam. Penambahan sukrosa lebih berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Paenibacillus sp. dibandingkan penambahan amonium nitrat yang kemungkinan dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri tersebut. Berdasarkan tingkat degradasi lignoselulosa TKKS, perlakuan A6 berupa pretreatment Paenibacillus sp. + 5% sukrosa + 0,2% amonium nitrat merupakan perlakuan yang memiliki hasil persentase tertinggi pada susut berat 24,08%, TGR 12,4055 mg/g, % lignin removal 55,25%, serta TSP tertinggi ke 2 yaitu 0,843 mg/g dari pretreatment selama 7 hari. Setelah proses pretreatment pada semua perlakuan TKKS, hasil kandungan pH sebesar 6,48 – 7,025. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa adamya [erbedaan konsentrasi sumber karbon dan nitrogen serta waktu inkubasi yang digunakan terbukti mempengaruhi pertumbuhan bakteri Paenibacillus sp. dalam mendegradasi lignoselulosa dari biomassa TKKS terutama dalam hasil susut berat, TSP, TGR, serta lignoselulosa.
English Abstract
EFB waste (Empty Palm Oil Bunches) is waste generated from the palm oil processing process and includes lignocellulosic material that has the potential to be converted into renewable energy sources because it is composed of the main components in the form of hemicellulose 15.32%, cellulose 55.75%, and lignin 28 ,93%. To convert the OPEFB, a pretreatment process is needed to remove the lignin content which can make the lignocellulosic material difficult to be degraded by bacteria. In this study, biological pretreatment was carried out using Paenibacillus sp. as lignin-degrading bacteria. Paenibacillus sp. can produce the enzyme Dyp-type peroxidases type A which is able to degrade lignin. To increase the growth and activity of lignin-degrading enzymes in Paenibacillus sp., a carbon source was added in the form of sucrose and a nitrogen source in the form of ammonium nitrate. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of sucrose and ammonium nitrate on the growth of Paenibacillus sp. and its effect on the degradation ability of oil palm empty fruit bunches. The research design was a completely randomized design (CRD) with a nested pattern with two factors. The main factor (A) was the addition of carbon and nitrogen treatment and the nesting factor (B) was the observation time every 6 hours to 7 days which consisted of 6 treatments in the form of OPEFB culture without treatment, OPEFB culture treated with Paenibacillus sp., OPEFB culture treated with Paenibacillus sp. + 2.5% sucrose, EFB culture treated with Paenibacillus sp. + 0.1% ammonium nitrate, OPEFB culture treated with Paenibacillus sp. + 2.5% sucrose + 0.1% ammonium nitrate, and OPEFB culture treated with Paenibacillus sp. + 5% sucrose + 0.2% ammonium nitrate. It was repeated 3 times for the six treatments and data collection on bacterial growth was carried out every 6 hours for 7 days. Data analysis was performed using nested ANOVA and DMRT tests. The growth pattern of Paenibacillus sp. The highest was obtained in the treatment A3 and A6 at incubation time of 0 hours to 144 hours. The addition of sucrose had more significant effect on the growth of Paenibacillus sp. compared to the addition of ammonium nitrate which may inhibit the growth of these bacteria. Based on the level of lignocellulosic degradation of EFB, treatment A6 was in the form of pretreatment Paenibacillus sp. + 5% sucrose + 0.2% ammonium nitrate was the treatment that had the highest percentage yield on weight loss of 24.08%, TGR 12.4055 mg/g, % lignin removal 55,25%, and the second highest TSP of 0.843 mg /g of pretreatment for 7 days. After the pretreatment process for all OPEFB treatments, the resultant pH content was 6.48 – 7.025. This shows that the presence of different concentrations of carbon and nitrogen sources as well as the incubation time used has been shown to affect the growth of Paenibacillus sp. in degrading lignocellulosic from OPEFB biomass, especially in weight loss, TSP, TGR, and lignocellulosic yields.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522100271 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Amonium nitrat, Paenibacillus sp., Sukrosa, TKKS,Ammonium nitrate, OPEFB, Paenibacillus sp., Sucrose |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Industri Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Jan 2023 07:17 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Jan 2023 07:17 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/196499 |
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