Pasaribu, Desi Natalia and Dr. Agr. Sc. Hagus Tarno,, SP., MP (2022) Komunitas Jamur Yang Berasosiasi Dengan Kumbang Ambrosia, Xylosandrus Compactus (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) Pada Pertanaman Kopi Di Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman kopi (Coffea arabica L.) termasuk tanaman yang tergolong ke dalam sub sektor perkebunan dan banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Tahun 2018 produksi kopi Indonesia adalah 756,05 ribu ton, 2019 menurun menjadi 752,51 ribu ton dan meningkat di tahun 2020 menjadi 762,38 ribu ton. Salah satu kendala dalam peningkatan produksi kopi adalah adanya serangan hama, seperti Xylosandrus compactus yang termasuk ke dalam salah satu jenis kumbang ambrosia. Kumbang ambrosia hidup bersimbiosis dengan jamur. Kumbang ambrosia dan jamur simbionnya menyebabkan kerusakan dan mengancam produktivitas tanaman. Penelitian tentang asosiasi jamur dengan X. compactus pada tanaman kopi di Kabupaten Malang belum pernah dilaporkan. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan mendapatkan informasi mengenai jamur yang berasosiasi dengan X. compactus, mengkaji keanekaragaman, keseragaman, dan dominansi jamur, dan komposisi jamur pada berbagai lokasi isolasi X. compactus. Informasi tersebut diharapkan menjadi data dasar dalam menangani penyebaran dan pengendalian serangan X. compactus dan jamur simbionnya pada tanaman kopi. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari hingga Mei 2022 di Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan, Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, dan Laboratorium Sentral Ilmu Hayati, Universitas Brawijaya. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada lahan polikultur pinus dengan kopi di Hutan Pendidikan UB Forest yang terletak di Desa Tawang Argo, Dusun Sumbersari, Kecamatan Karang Ploso, Kabupaten Malang dan lahan polikultur jati dengan kopi milik warga yang berlokasi di Desa Druju, Kecamatan Sumbermanjing, Wetan, Kabupaten Malang. Penelitian ini terbagi menjadi beberapa tahap, yaitu: pengambilan sampel X. compactus dan galeri, isolasi jamur dari abdomen, caput dan toraks, serta galeri ranting tanaman kopi yang terinfestasi X. compactus, purifikasi, preparasi, pengamatan, dan identifikasi jamur yang ditemukan. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak R- studio dan Biodiversity calculator untuk menghitung keanekaragaman alfa dan heatmap untuk mengetahui kemiripan masing-masing spesies jamur berdasarkan karakteristik makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Hasil isolasi dan identifikasi jamur dari abdomen, caput dan toraks, serta galeri ranting tanaman kopi yang terinfestasi X. compactus, diperoleh 38 isolat jamur. Isolat jamur yang teridentifikasi berasal dari 9 genus yaitu, Acremonium, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Paecilomyces, Pestalotiopsis, Raffaelea, Sarocladium, Rhizoctonia, dan Trichoderma. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman dan indeks keseragaman tertinggi pada lokasi isolasi galeri dengan nilai berturut-turut 2,889 dan 0,903. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman dan indeks keseragaman terendah pada lokasi isolasi abdomen, yaitu 1,849 dan 0,889. Nilai indeks dominansi tertinggi pada lokasi isolasi abdomen, yakni 0,160, sedangkan terendah pada lokasi isolasi galeri, yakni 0,052
English Abstract
Coffee plants (Coffea arabica L.) are included in the plantation sub-sector and are widely cultivated in Indonesia. In 2018 Indonesia's coffee production was 756.05 thousand tons, in 2019 it decreased to 752.51 thousand tons and increased in 2020 to 762.38 thousand tons. One of the obstacles to increasing coffee productivity is the presence of pests, such as Xylosandrus compactus which is a type of ambrosia beetle. Ambrosia beetles live in symbiosis with fungi. The ambrosia beetle and its symbiont fungi cause damage and threaten crop production. Research on the association of fungi with X. compactus on coffee plants in Malang Regency has never been reported. Therefore, this study was conducted to obtain information on fungi associated with X. compactus, assessing the diversity, evenness, and dominance of fungi, and fungal composition at various locations isolated from X. compactus. This information is expected to be the basis for handling the spread and control of X. compactus and its fungal symbionts on coffee plants. The research was conducted from January to May 2022 at the Laboratory of Plant Diseases, Department of Pests and Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya, and Central Laboratory of Biological Sciences, University of Brawijaya. Sampling was carried out on pine polyculture land with coffee in the UB Educational Forest located in Tawang Argo Village, Sumbersari Hamlet, Karang Ploso District, Malang Regency, and teak polyculture land with coffee owned by residents located in Druju Village, Sumbermanjing District, Wetan, Malang Regency. This study was divided into several stages, namely: a sampling of X. compactus and galleries, isolation of fungi from the abdomen, caput and thorax, and galleries of branches of coffee plants infected with X. compactus, purification, preparation, observation, and identification of the fungi found. Observational data were analyzed using R-studio software and a Biodiversity Calculator to calculate alpha diversity and heatmap to determine the similarity of each fungal species based on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. The results of the isolation and identification of fungi from the abdomen, caput and thorax, and the gallery of branches of coffee plants infected with X. compactus, obtained 38 isolates of fungi. The fungal isolates identified were from 9 genera, namely Acremonium, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Paecilomyces, Pestalotiopsis, Raffaelea, Sarocladium, Rhizoctonia, and Trichoderma. The highest diversity index and evenness index values were at the gallery isolation location with values of 2.889 and 0.903, respectively. The lowest diversity index and evenness index values were at the location of the abdominal isolation, namely 1.849 and 0.889. The highest dominance index value was at the abdominal isolation location, which was 0.160, while the lowest was at the gallery isolation location, which was 0.052
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522040189 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 16 Nov 2022 06:43 |
| Last Modified: | 16 Nov 2022 06:43 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/196356 |
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