Uji Daya Hasil Tujuh Galur Kacang Bogor (Vigna Subterranea L. Verdcourt) Pada Musim Penghujan

Prasetyoningrum, Farin and Prof. Dr. Ir. Kuswanto,, M.S. and Dr. Darmawan Saptadi,, S.P., M.P. (2021) Uji Daya Hasil Tujuh Galur Kacang Bogor (Vigna Subterranea L. Verdcourt) Pada Musim Penghujan. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Tanaman kacang bogor (Vigna subterranea L. Verdcourt) merupakan komoditas potensial yang masih belum dibudidayakan secara luas di Indonesia dan tergolong tanaman yang belum banyak mendapat perhatian. Padahal kacang bogor dapat menjadi alternatif pangan fungsional sebagai sumber protein dan karbohidrat. Budidaya tanaman kacang bogor dihadapkan pada beberapa permasalahan, selain umur panen yang relatif lama yakni 4-5 bulan, daya hasil yang rendah dan tidak dapat diprediksi menjadi alasan mengapa tanaman kacang bogor belum dibudidayakan secara luas. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan produktivitas kacang bogor ialah melalui pemuliaan tanaman. Diperlukan beberapa kegiatan penelitian untuk mendapatkan varietas unggul. Salah satu tahapan yang dilakukan dalam pemuliaan tanaman ialah uji daya hasil. Uji daya hasil penting dilakukan untuk mengetahui galur yang memiliki daya hasil tinggi sehingga dapat menentukan galur dapat dilepas sebagai varietas baru. Pada penelitian ini uji daya hasil kacang bogor dilakukan pada musim penghujan terhadap 7 galur harapan kacang bogor potensial yakni PWBG 5.2.1, SS 2.4.2, BBL 1.1, PWBG 6, SS 3.4.2, CCC 1.6, dan TVSU 8.6. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2020 – Mei 2021 yang bertempat di Kebun Percobaan Jambegede Balitkabi, yang berlokasi di Jl. Pertanian No.06 Desa Kemiri, Kecamatan Kepanjen, Kabupaten Malang, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Tempat penelitian memiliki ketinggian tempat 300 mdpl, suhu minimum 23,5 oC suhu maximum 32 oC dengan rata-rata curah hujan 194 mm/bulan yang termasuk dalam kategori curah hujan menengah. Kebun Percobaan Jambegede Balitkabi memiliki jenis tanah aluvial. Penelitian dilakukan berdasarkan metode eksperimental yang disusun berdasarkan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). Penelitian terdiri dari tiga ulangan, pengacakan dilakukan pada masing-masing ulangan. Populasi masing-masing plot berjumlah 40 tanaman. Parameter yang diamati antara lain vigor tanaman, jumlah daun, umur berbunga, umur panen, panjang polong, lebar polong, ketebalan cangkang, jumlah polong per tanaman, jumlah biji per tanaman, panjang biji, lebar biji, berat 100 benih, dan hasil (g/m2). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan ANOVA menggunakan uji F pada taraf 5%. Hasil yang berbeda nyata akan dilanjutkan dengan menguji perbedaan diantara perlakuan dengan uji BNJ pada taraf 5%. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan didapatkan hasil analisis ragam yang berbeda nyata pada karakter vigor tanaman, umur berbunga, umur panen, panjang polong, jumlah polong per tanaman, jumlah biji per polong, panjang biji, berat 100 benih, dan hasil. Sedangkan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata terdapat pada karakter jumlah daun, lebar polong, tebal cangkang, dan lebar biji. Pada keseluruhan galur-galur yang diuji, didapatkan dua galur yang memiliki daya hasil tinggi serta lebih baik dibandingkan dengan galur pembanding di musim penghujan yakni BBL 1.1 dan PWBG 6. Diantara galur unggul tersebut, PWBG 6 memiliki vigor yang unggul dan umur panen yang lebih genjah dibandingkan BBL 1.1. Sedangkan BBL 1.1 memiliki hasil panen (g/m2) paling tinggi.

English Abstract

The bambara groundnut plant (Vigna subterranea L. Verdcourt) is a potential commodity that has not been widely cultivated in Indonesia and is classified as a plant that has not received much attention. Whereas bambara groundnut can be an alternative functional food as a source of protein and carbohydrates. The cultivation of bambara groundnut is predicted to have several problems, in addition to the relatively long harvest age of 4-5 months, low yields and cannot be the reason why the bambara groundnut plant has not been widely cultivated. One of the efforts to increase the productivity of bambara groundnut is through plant breeding. Several research activities are needed to obtain superior varieties. One of the stages carried out in plant breeding is the yield test. Yield test is important to determine which lines have high yields so that they can determine which lines can be released as new varieties. In this study, the yield test of bambara groundnut was carried out in the rainy season on 6 potential promising lines of bambara groundnut, namely PWBG 5.2.1, SS 2.4.2, BBL 1.1, PWBG 6, SS 3.4.2, CCC 1.6, and TVSU 8.6. The research was conducted in December 2020 – May 2021 at the Jambegede Balitkabi Experimental Garden, which is located on Jl. Agriculture No.06 Kemiri Village, Kepanjen District, Malang Regency, East Java Province. The research site has an altitude of 300 meters above sea level, a minimum temperature of 23.5 ̊C, a maximum temperature of 32 ̊C with an average rainfall of 194 mm/month which is included in the category of medium rainfall. The Experimental Garden of Jambegede Balitkabi has alluvial soil type. The research was conducted based on the experimental method which was arranged based on a Randomized Block Design (RBD). The study consisted of three replications, randomization was performed on each replication. The population of each plot is 40 plants. Parameters observed included plant vigor, number of leaves, flowering age, harvest age, pod length, pod width, shell thickness, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, seed length, seed width, weight of 100 seeds, and yield (g /m2). The data obtained were analyzed by ANOVA using the F test at the 5% level. Significantly different results will be continued by testing the differences between treatments with the BNJ test at the 5% level. Based on the observations, the results of the analysis of variance were significantly different in the character of plant vigor, flowering age, harvest age, pod length, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, seed length, weight of 100 seeds, and yield. While the results that were not significantly different were in the number of leaves, pod width, shell thickness, and seed width. In all of the tested lines, two lines were found that had high yields and were better than the comparison lines in the rainy season, namely BBL 1.1 and PWBG 6. Among these superior lines, PWBG 6 had superior vigor and an early harvesting age. compared to BBL 1.1. Meanwhile, BBL 1.1 has the highest yield (g/m2).

Other obstract

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Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	0521040216
Subjects:	300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture > 338.16 Production efficiency
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi
Depositing User:	Nur Cholis
Date Deposited:	22 Jul 2022 07:55
Last Modified:	09 Oct 2024 04:27
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/192555

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