Qhoiria, Wardatul (2019) Analisis Konduktivitas Hidrolik Jenuh pada Sistem Agroforestri Berbasis Kopi dengan Tingkat Tutupan Kanopi Berbeda di UB Forest, Kabupaten Malang. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
UB Forest merupakan salah satu wilayah yang memiliki penggunaan lahan dominan sistem agroforestri berbasis kopi, mulanya adalah hutan alami. Perubahan penggunaan lahan menjadi agroforestri guna memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat yang semakin meningkat. Hal tersebut menyebabkan biodiversitas berkurang dan perubahan karakteristik tanah yang menjadikan tanah lebih padat. Kondisi lahan yang demikian berpengaruh terhadap sifat hidrolik tanah sehingga dapat mengakibatkan terhambatnya pergerakan air dalam tanah. Konduktivitas hidrolik jenuh (Ks) diartikan sebagai kecepatan pergerakan air dalam suatu media berpori dalam keadaan jenuh. Ketersediaan air tanah bergantung bagaimana pergerakan air dalam tanah. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan analisis yang lebih spesifik mengenai konduktivitas hidrolik jenuh suatu lahan serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi dengan melakukan pengujian pada beberapa tingkat tutupan kanopi pada sistem agroforestri berbasis kopi di UB Forest. Penelitian ini dilakukan di UB Forest yang terletak di Dusun Sumberwangi, Desa Donowarih, Kecamatan Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang pada bulan Desember 2018 sampai April 2019. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Linier Mixed Effect (LME) Model dengan tiga perlakuan berdasarkan tingkat tutupan kanopi (<40%, 40-60% dan >60%) dan kedalaman tanah 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm dan 40-60 cm. Parameter yang diamati meliputi ketebalan seresah, bahan organik, tekstur, berat isi, berat jenis, kerapatan perakaran dan konduktivitas hidrolik jenuh. Uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) dengan taraf 5% dan korelasi dilakukan dengan bantuan software GenStat. Regresi stepwise dilakukan menggunakan bantuan SPSS 21. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tutupan kanopi memiliki pengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap konduktivitas hidrolik jenuh pada kedalaman tanah 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm dan 40-60 cm. Konduktivitas hidrolik jenuh tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan tutupan kanopi >60% kedalaman 0-20 cm sebesar 33,83 cm.jam-1 termasuk kelas cepat dan terendah pada tutupan kanopi <40% kedalaman 40-60 cm sebesar 4,16 cm.jam-1 termasuk kelas sedang. Tutupan kanopi memiliki hubungan sangat kuat (r=0,966) dan berpengaruh (R2=0,933) terhadap konduktivitas hidrolik jenuh. Semakin rapat tutupan kanopi maka semakin besar konduktivitas hidrolik jenuh. Karakteristik tanah seperti bahan organik, berat isi, porositas dan kerapatan perakaran memiliki hubungan yang kuat dan berpengaruh terhadap konduktivitas hidrolik jenuh. Berat isi merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap konduktivitas hidrolik jenuh. Sebesar 63,7% peningkatan nilai konduktivitas hidrolik jenuh dipengaruhi oleh penurunan berat isi tanah.
English Abstract
UB Forest was an area that has dominant land uses coffee based agroforestry system, initially type of natural forest. The change of land use into agroforestry aimed to comply with society need that always increases. This condition might cause to lack of bioversity and change of soil characteristic which affects to the soil compaction. This land condition would influence to the soil hydraulic conductivity, which then impacted to water movement within the soil. The saturated hydraulic conductivity was defined as saturated water movement rapidity in porous media. The availability of soil water was depended on the water movement in soil. Thus, it required to more specific analysis regarding to the saturated hydraulic conductivity of land and a number of influential factor through testing on some levels of canopy, particularly on the agroforestry system which was based on the coffee in UB Forest. This research was conducted in UB Forest which precisely located at Sumberwangi, Donowarih Village, Karangploso Sub-district, Malang District on December 2018 – April 2019. This research exerted Linier Mixed Effect Model (LME) as the research design in three approaches which were based on the canopy level (<40%, 40-60% and >60%) and depth of 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, and 40-60 cm. The parameter was comprised of litter thickness, organic material, texture, bulk density, particle density, rooting density, and saturated hydraulic conductivity. Least Significant Difference (LSD) Test in standard 5% and correllation were employed through help of GenStat software. Stepwise regression were employed in medium of SPSS 21. This research results showed that the canopy had real effects (P<0,05) to the saturated hydraulic conductivity on solid depth of 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, and 40-60 cm. The highest of saturated hydraulic conductivity was on the treatment of canopy density >60% in depth of 0-20 cm as big as 33,83 cm.hr-1 which was included into fast category, the lowest category on canopy <40% in depth of 40-60 cm as big as 4,16 cm.hr-1 which was included into mediate category. Further, the canopy delivered very strong relationship (r=0,966) and effect (R2=0,933) to the saturated hydraulic conductivity. The denser canopy would impact to the bigger saturated hydraulic conductivity. Also, the soil characteristics as organic material, bulk density, porosity, and rooting density offered strong relation and effect to the saturated hydraulic conductivity. The bulk density was the most influential factor which affected to the saturated hydraulic conductivity. In approximately the value increase 63,7% of saturated hydraulic conductivity which was affected by the decrease of bulk density.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/801/051909528 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.7 Alkaloidal crops > 633.73 Coffee |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Aug 2020 03:05 |
| Last Modified: | 19 May 2022 03:10 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/174735 |
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