Prastyaji, Dimas (2019) Distribusi Mikoriza pada Pohon Kopi dan Pinus di Sistem Agroforestri Kopi dan Pinus. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Pemanfaatan Mikoriza Arbuskula (MA) sebagai mikroba tanah yang menguntungkan, diharapkan dapat menunjang penyerapan unsur hara yang dibutuhkan bagi tanaman untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan. Selain mampu menyediakan kebutuhan air bagi tanaman, menurut Ura et al. (2015) MA mampu membantu menyerap unsur hara sehingga pertumbuhan tanaman menjadi lebih baik. Penelitian dilakukan pada lahan dengan sistem agroforestri pinus dan kopi di UB-Forest. Pohon pinus dan kopi yang berada dilahan berbeda manajemen menjadi subjek penelitian. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui bagaimana distribusi MA di berbagai plot dengan manajemen berbeda dan bagaimana kontribusi terhadap biomassa dan serapan P pohon kopi dan pinus. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2018 – Maret 2019 di UB-Forest Kecamatan Karangploso Kabupaten Malang. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan berdasarkan metode random sampling pada setiap lahan (plot). Pengambilan sampel tanah dibagi terbagi menjadi dua titik yaitu zona horizontal dan zona vertikal. Pengambilan sampel tanah secara horizontal dilakukan berdasarkan jarak 50, 100, dan 150 cm dari tegakan pohon dengan kedalaman 0 – 20 cm dari permukaan tanah. Perngambilan sampel secara vertikal dilakukan pada 2 kedalaman 0-20 cm dan 20-40 cm dengan jarak 50 cm dari tegakan pohon. Pengambilan sampel disetiap jarak diambil berdasarkan arah penjuru mata angin (utara, selatan, barat, dan timur) kemudian sampel tersebut dikompositkan. Parameter yang diamati adalah jumlah spora mikoriza, koloni mikoriza, kadar bahan organik, pH, P-tersedia, serapan P, dan biomassa. Terdapat perbedaan distribusi jumlah spora MA disetiap plot pengamatan dan berdasarkan zona pengambilan sampel, ditribusi total spora MA tidak berbeda. Genus Glomus sp. merupakan spora yang paling banyak dijumpai disetiap plot dan Gigaspora sp. paling sedikit. Tingkat manajemen meningkatkan 5 spora/100 g tanah dan menaikan koloni mikoriza 1 %. Distribusi pada pohon kopi dan pinus secara horizontal tidak berpengaruh nyata. Secara vertikal, terdapat lebih banyak mikoriza pada kedalaman 0-20 cm sedangkan pada pinus tertinggi pada kedalaman 20-40 cm. Spora MA pohon kopi dan pohon pinus sangat berpengaruh terhadap serapan P dan biomassa. Serapan P pohon kopi dan pinus dipengaruhi oleh jumlah mikoriza sebesar 35% dan 90% sedangkan biomassa pohon kopi dan pinus dipengaruhi oleh jumlah spora MA sebesar 34% dan 55%.
English Abstract
Utilization of Arbuscula mycorrhiza (MA) as beneficial soil microbes is expected to support nutrient absorption needed for plants to increase growth. Besides being able to provide water for plants, according to Ura et al. (2015), MA can help to absorb nutrients so that the plants' growth gets better. The study was conducted on land with pine and coffee agroforestry system on UB-Forest. Pine and coffee trees in different areas of management are the subject of research. The system management of pine is a shade for coffee plants below. This study was conducted to find out how MA’s distribution in various plots with different management and how the contribution of biomass and P absorption. The study was conducted on December 2018 – March 2019 at UB-Forest, Karangploso Sub-district, Malang Regency. Sampling is done based on the random sampling method on each field (plot). Soil samples are divided by two points which horizontally zone and vertically zone. Horizontal soil sampling is carried out based on a distance 0, 50, 100, and 150 cm from the tree stand with a specified depth of 0 – 20 cm from the ground. While vertical sampling is carried out at 2 depths, 0-20 cm, and 20-40 cm, with a distance of 50 cm from the tree stand. Sampling in each distance is taken based on the direction of the wind direction (north, south, west, and east) then the sample is composite. The observed parameters were the number of mycorrhizal spores, mycorrhizal infections, organic matter, pH, available P, P absorption, and biomass. There are differences in the distribution of the number of MA spores in each observation plot and based on the sampling zone, the total distribution of MA spores is not different. Genus Glomus sp. is the most common spores found in each plot and the least Gigaspora sp. The management level increases 5 spores / 100 g of soil and increases infection by 1%. Distribution on the coffee tree and pine tree horizontally have no significant effect. Vertically, there is more mycorrhiza at a depth 0-20 cm while the highest pine at a depth 20-40 cm. MA spores of the coffee tree and pine tree are very influential on P absorption and biomass. MA spores of the coffee tree and pine affect P absorption by 35% and 90% while MA spores affect biomass by 34% and 55%.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/421/051907164 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.7 Alkaloidal crops > 633.73 Coffee |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Aug 2020 03:03 |
| Last Modified: | 18 Aug 2020 03:03 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173880 |
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