Laju Dekomposisi Berbagai Kualitas Seresah di Berbagai Kondisi Lingkungan Berdasarkan Methoda Litter Transfer

Mardiani, Mila Oktavia (2019) Laju Dekomposisi Berbagai Kualitas Seresah di Berbagai Kondisi Lingkungan Berdasarkan Methoda Litter Transfer. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Manajemen pohon penaung bagi pohon kopi sangat penting untuk meningkatkan produksi kopi dan juga untuk konservasi lingkungan di sekitarnya. Pemilihan jenis pohon penaung, penambahan bahan organik berperan penting untuk mempertahankan tutupan dan kualitas tanah. Namun demikian, pengaruh pemberian bahan organik berbeda antar tempat karena lingkungannya berbeda, kadang-kadang ada jenis seresah yang terdekomposisi lebih cepat di lingkungan asalnya (Home Field Advantages) tetapi ada yang justru sebaliknya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari laju dekomposisi berbegai jenis seresah pada kondisi lingkungan yang berbeda dengan mengintegrasikan methoda “saling pindah” atau litter transfer. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai April 2019 di UB Forest, Desa Tawang Argo, Dusun Sumbersari, Kecamatan Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur dengan jalan memonitor berat kehilangan berat seresah dari dalam litter bag (ukuran mesh kasar = 0,5 mm; yang memungkinkan akses dari makro dan mikro fauna). Ada 3 jenis bahan organik yang diuji; pinus+kopi (PK), mahoni+kopi (MK), dan jeruk (J). Masing-masing contoh diletakkan secara acak di ketiga tempat ; AF pinus+kopi, AF mahoni+kopi, dan AF jeruk+sayuran. Pengamatan kehilangan berat masa seresah dilakukan 5 kali (1, 2, 4, 8 dan 12 minggu setelah aplikasi, MSA) dengan 5 kali ulangan. Parameter lain yang diamati adalah karakteristik kimia bahan organik (C-Organik, N Total, Ca tersedia, Lignin, dan Polifenol), karakteristik tanah (tekstur, BI, BJ, pH, C-Organik, Ca tersedia, C-ref, dan N-total), dan iklim mikro dari masing-masing lokasi pengamatan. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa laju dekomposisi seresah paling cepat terjadi pada seresah Laju dekomposisi seresah paling cepat terjadi pada seresah pinus+kopi (k = 0,069 dengan t50 = 10 minggu) dan seresah mahoni+kopi (k = 0,026 dengan t50 = 27 minggu) terjadi di lingkungan AF jeruk+sayuran (rumah tetangga). Seresah mahoni merupakan jenis seresah yang paling lambat lapuk pada berbagai kondisi lingkungan dengan rata-rata nilai k = 0,0186 dan t50 = 69 minggu. Ada tiga kategori laju dekomposisi seresah di ketiga penggunaan lahan yang berbeda di UB Forest. Laju dekomposisi tergolong cepat lapuk bila k = 0,069 atau dengan umur paruh t50 ≤ 55 minggu; kelompok seresah tergolong lambat bila nilai k = 0,010 dengan t50 ≥ 65 minggu, sedangkan laju dekomposisi seresah tergolong medium bila nilai k = 0,014 dengan t50 55-65 minggu Peningkatan laju dekomposisi lebih berhubungan erat dengan faktor eksternal (tingkat tutupan kanopi pohon dan suhu tanah) daripada dengan faktor internal (karakteristik bahan organik).

English Abstract

Management of shade tree for coffee is very important to increase the production of coffee and for the conservation of surrounding environment. The selection of shade tree type, addition of organic materials important to maintain the cover and soil quality. However, effect of addition of litter differs between places because the environment is different, sometimes there are types of litter that are decomposition faster in “own home” environment (Home Field Advantages), but some are opposite. The aims of this study is to evaluate the litter decomposition rate in various environmental conditions by integrating a “moving one” based on litter transfer method.. This study was conducted at UB Forest (Malang) from Februari to April 2019 by monitoring litter-weight loss from TSBF-standard litter bags that was observed at 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after litter bag being installed. Three type of litter: mix pine+coffee, mix mahogany+coffee, and citrus biomass; that inserted to litterbag coarse mesh (0.5mm; for macro and micro fauna access). This reseach was calculated according Home Field Advantages. Another data was tested using randomized block design with diversity of organic matter type: mixed pine+coffee (PK), mixed mahogany+coffee (MK), and citrus (J). Each examples of litter was placed randomly at three places; pine+coffee agroforestry, mahogany+coffee agroforestry, and citrus+vegetables plot. Litter-weight loss from TSBF-standard litter bags was observed at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks with replay of 5 times. Other observed parameters are chemical characteristics of organic matter (C-Organic, N, Ca, Lignin, Polyphenols), soil characteristic (texture, BI, BJ, pH, C-Organic, Ca, C-ref, and N), and microclimate of each locations observation. The result showed that the fastest litter decomposition rate Pine + coffee (k = 0.069 with t50 = 10 weeks) and Mahogany + coffee (k = 0.026 with t50 = 27 weeks) occurred In citrus+vegetables agroforestry (neighbhours home). Mahogany is the slowest type of litter in various environmental conditions with an average of k value = 0.0186 and T50 = 69 weeks. There are three categories of decomposition rate of litter in three different plots (land use) at UB Forest. Decomposition rate was quickly weathered has k = 0.069 with half-life time t50 ≤ 55 weeks; litter was relatively slow has k value 0.010 rith t50 ≥ 65 weeks, while litter decomposition rate was medium has k value 0.014 with t50 55-65 weeks. Increased decomposition rate was more closely related with external factors (trees canopy cover and soil temperature) than internal factors (quality of litter).

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	SKR/FP/2019/508/051907282
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Agroforestri kopi, Laju dekomposi, Kualitas bahan organik, mikroklimat, Home Field Advantages-Coffee based Agroforestry, Litter decomposition, Litter quality, microclimate, Home Field Advantages.
Subjects:	600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.7 Alkaloidal crops > 633.73 Coffee > 633.738 Special cultivation methods; Fertilizers, soil conditioners, growth regulators
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi
Depositing User:	soegeng sugeng
Date Deposited:	24 Aug 2020 07:19
Last Modified:	14 Sep 2023 03:12
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173657

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