Hakimi, Hikmal (2019) Potensi Antagonisme Jamur Filosfer Daun Tanaman Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) Terhadap Jamur Fusarium moniliforme Penyebab Penyakit Pokahbung. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas tanaman yang memiliki potensi nilai ekonomis cukup tinggi. Tanaman tebu memiliki nilai ekonomis yang cukup tinggi karena tanaman ini merupakan bahan baku dalam pembuatan gula. Kegiatan budidaya tanaman tebu memiliki beberapa kendala yang mampu memberikan pengaruh terhadap tingkat produktivitas tanaman. Salah satu kendala dan masalah utama yang biasanya dihadapi oleh petani dalam kegiatan budidaya tanaman tebu adalah serangan penyakit. Penyakit Pokahbung merupakan salah satu penyakit penting tanaman tebu yang banyak dijumpai. Penyakit Pokahbung ini disebabkan oleh jamur patogen Fusarium moniliforme. Selama ini pengendalian pada penyakit Pokahbung masih terbatas pada pengendalian dengan menggunakan bahan kimia. Pengendalian secara hayati diharapkan dapat memberikan efek positif serta mengurangi efek samping dari penggunaan pestisida. Pengendalian hayati menggunakan jamur filosfer diharapkan mampu menjadi alternatif dalam mengendalikan patogen penyebab penyakit pada tanaman. Selain itu pengendalian menggunakan jamur filosfer tidak menimbulkan dampak negatif bagi lingkungan. Kegiatan penelitian ini dilaksanakan di laboratorium Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, Kabupaten Malang, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Sampel jamur patogen dan sampel jamur filosfer diperoleh dari lahan tebu milik Pabrik Gula Kebonagung Malang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari 2019 sampai dengan bulan Mei 2019. Penelitian ini meliputi isolasi jamur Fusarium moniliforme dari tanaman tebu yang terinfeksi, isolasi jamur filosfer, pengujian daya hambat jamur filosfer pada jamur Fusarium moniliforme. Penelitian ini disusun menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Perlakuan penelitian dilakukan berdasar pada jamur filosfer yang didapat dan dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak 3 kali pada masing-masing perlakuan. Uji antagonis dilakukan dengan metode dual culture dalam satu cawan petri yang berdiameter 9 cm, isolat jamur Fusarium moniliforme dan isolat jamur filosfer diletakan berhadapan satu sama lain dengan jarak 3 cm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 3 jamur yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan jamur patogen F. moniliforme pada pengujian secara in-vitro yaitu jamur Trichoderma sp., Aspergillus sp. dan Fusarium sp. 2. Daya hambat yang dihasilkan 3 jamur tersebut antara lain Trichoderma sp. dengan persentase hambatan sebesar 48.70% pada hari ke-7, Aspergillus sp. sebesar 44.24% pada hari ke-7, dan Fusarium sp. 2 sebesar 47.66% pada hari ke-7.
English Abstract
Sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is one of the commodity crops that has a high enough potential economic value. Sugarcane has a high economic value because this plant is the raw material for making sugar. Sugarcane cultivation activities have several obstacles that can influence the level of crop productivity. One of the main obstacles and problems that are usually faced by farmers in sugarcane cultivation is disease attack. Pokahbung disease is one of the important diseases of sugarcane which is often found. Pokahbung's disease is caused by a pathogenic fungus Fusarium moniliformae. During this time, control in Pokahbung disease is still limited by using chemicals. Biological control is expected to have a positive effect and reduce the side effects of the use of pesticides. Biological control using the fungus filosphere is expected to be an alternative in controlling the pathogens that cause disease in plants. Besides controlling using the fungus filosphere does not cause negative impacts on the environment. This research activity was carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Pests and Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang Regency, East Java Province. Pathogen fungal samples and filospheric fungal samples were obtained from sugar cane fields belonging to the Kebonagung Sugar Factory Malang. This research was conducted in January 2019 until May 2019. This research includes isolation of Fusarium moniliforme fungus in infected sugarcane plants, isolation of the filospheric fungus, testing of the inhibition of filospheric fungi against Fusarium moniliforme. This research was compiled using Complete Random Design (CRD). The research treatments were carried out based on the obtained filospheric fungus and were repeated 3 times in each treatment. The antagonist test was carried out using the dual culture method in a 9 cm diameter petri dish, isolates of the Fusarium moniliforme and isolates of the filospheric fungus were placed facing each other at a distance of 3 cm. The results showed that there were 3 fungi that could inhibit the growth of the pathogenic fungus F. moniliforme in in vitro testing, namely the fungus Trichoderma sp., Aspergillus sp. and Fusarium sp. 2. The inhibitory power produced by these 3 fungi are Trichoderma sp. with a percentage of inhibition of 48.70% on the 7th day, Aspergillus sp. by 44.24% on the 7th day, and Fusarium sp. 2 by 47.66% on the 7th day.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/181/051906924 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.6 Sugar, syrup, starch crop > 633.61 Sugarcane |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Aug 2020 06:41 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Jan 2022 04:10 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173285 |
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