Dinarsih, Raissa Vania (2019) Pengaruh Pemberian Biochar Dan Bahan Pembenah Tanah Lainnya Terhadap Sifat Tanah Berpasir Dalam Memegang Air Dan Pertumbuhan Tebu (Saccharum Officinarum L.) Ratoon Satu. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) yang dikembangkan di lahan kering dengan tanah bertekstur pasir memiliki faktor pembatas kemampuan tanah dalam memegang air. Untuk mencapai hasil tebu yang optimal dibutuhkan teknologi perbaikan kualitas lahan dengan bahan pembenah tanah. Selain pupuk kandang sapi, limbah tebu di lahan berupa serasah tebu, serta limbah tebu dari pabrik gula berupa abu ketel dan blotong dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pembenah tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji manfaat pemberian biochar serasah tebu dan bahan pembenah tanah lainnya terhadap sifat tanah berpasir dalam memegang air, serta menganalisis hubungan sifat tanah sebagai akibat pemberian biochar serasah tebu dan bahan pembenah tanah lainnya dengan pertumbuhan tebu ratoon satu. Penelitian menggunakan pot dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Karangploso, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat (BALITTAS) Kabupaten Malang Jawa Timur, pada bulan Juli 2015 hingga bulan Januari 2016. Penelitian ini merupakan lanjutan penelitian tahun 2014/2015, sehingga tanaman tebu varietas Bululawang (BL) merupakan ratoon satu. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 10 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan telah dilakukan pada tahun pertama, meliputi: P0: Kontrol (tanpa pembenah tanah), P1: Biochar serasah tebu 10 t/ha, P2: Abu Ketel 10 t/ha, P3: Pupuk Kandang sapi 10 t/ha, P4: Kompos serasah tebu 10 t/ha, P5: Biochar serasah tebu 5 t/ha + pupuk kandang sapi 5 t/ha, P6: Biochar serasah tebu 5 t/ha + kompos serasah tebu 5 t/ha, P7: Abu ketel 5 t/ha + pupuk kandang sapi 5 t/ha, P8: Abu ketel 5 t/ha + kompos serasah tebu 5 t/ha dan P9: Abu ketel 5 t/ha + blotong 5 t/ha. Parameter pengamatan sifat fisik tanah meliputi: berat isi, berat jenis, porositas total, kadar air titik layu permanen pF 4,2, kadar air kapasitas lapangan pF 2,5, kadar air tersedia, dan kemantapan agregat, yang dilakukan pada 7 dan 11 BSK. Pengamatan tanaman tebu meliputi tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah ruas, jumlah batang, dan hasil tebu, yang dilakukan pada 7, 9, dan 11 BSK. Data dianalisis dengan Analisis ragam (ANOVA) dilanjutkan dengan uji beda nyata terkecil (BNT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian biochar dan bahan pembenah tanah lain (abu ketel, kompos serasah tebu, pupuk kandang sapi, dan blotong) berpengaruh nyata memperbaiki sifat fisik tanah (berat isi, porositas total, kemantapan agregat, kadar air tersedia) dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Pada 11 BSK, perlakuan pemberian biochar 5 t/ha + pupuk kandang 5 t/ha, perlakuan biochar serasah tebu 10 t/ha dan perlakuan pupuk kandang sapi 10 t/ha, menghasilkan pengaruh yang lebih baik dibanding perlakuan lainnya terhadap perbaikan sifat fisik tanah dalam memegang air. Perbaikan sifat fisik tanah dalam memegang air dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi dan diameter batang) tebu ratoon satu, namun belum nyata meningkatkan jumlah batang dan hasil tebu ratoon satu.
English Abstract
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) developed on dry land with sand-textured soil has a limiting factor in water holding capacity. To achieve optimal sugarcane yield, technology is needed to improve the quality of land with soil amendments. In addition to cattle manure, sugarcane waste (boiler ash, sugarcane trash, filter mud) can be used as soil amendments. This experiment studied the effect of sugarcane trash biochar and other soil amendments on the properties of sandy soil in holding water capacity, as well as analyzing the relationship with first ratoon sugarcane growth. Pot experiment was conducted at Karangploso Experimental Garden, Indonesian Sweetener and Fiber Crops Research Institute (ISFCRI-BALITTAS) Malang Regency, East Java, from July 2015 to January 2016. This research was a continuation of 2014/2015, so that the Bululawang (BL) sugarcane variety is first ratoon. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 10 treatments and 3 replications. Treatment has been carried out in the first year, including: P0: Control (without soil amendments), P1: Biochar sugarcane trash 10 t/ha, P2: Boiler ash 10 t/ha, P3: Cattle manure 10 t/ha, P4: Compost of sugar cane trash 10 t/ha, P5: Biochar sugarcane trash 5 t/ha + manure 5 t/ha, P6: Biochar sugarcane trash 5 t/ha + sugarcane trash compost 5 t/ha, P7: Boiler ash 5 t/ha + manure 5 t/ha, P8: Boiler ash 5 t/ha + sugarcane trash compost 5 t/ha and P9: Boiler ash 5 t/ha + filter mud 5 t/ha. Parameters of soil physical properties include: bulk density, particle density, total porosity, permanent wilting point moisture content, field capacity water content, available water content, and aggregate stability (at 7 and 11 month after first harvesting). Observation of sugarcane plants includes plant height, stem diameter, number of segments, number of stems, and sugarcane yield (at 7, 9, and 11 month after first harvesting). Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the least significance test (LSD) at 5% level. The results showed that biochar and other soil amendments significantly affected soil physical properties (bulk density, total porosity, aggregate stability, available water content) compared to controls. In 11 month after first harvesting, the treatment of biochar 5 t/ha + manure 5 t/ha, biochar treatment 10 t/ha and manure treatment 10 t/ha, resulted in a better effect than other treatments for improving the physical properties of soil in holding water. Improvement of physical properties of soil in holding water can increase plant growth (stem height and diameter) of first ratoon sugar cane, however, it has not been able to significantly increase the number of stems and first ratoon sugarcane yield
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/233/051906976 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | tanah berpasir, biochar, bahan pembenah tanah, tebu ratoon satu, sandy soil, biochar, soil amendments, first ratoon sugarcane |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.6 Sugar, syrup, starch crop > 633.61 Sugarcane |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Aug 2020 06:38 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Oct 2021 02:38 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/172929 |
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