Wibowo, Nanang Yekti (2018) Kajian Aplikasi Mulsa Seresah Tebu Terhadap Kadar Air Tanah Dan Pengaruhnya Pada Pertumbuhan Batang Tebu (Saccharum Officinarum L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Produksi gula di Indonesia masihbelum bisa mencukupi kebutuhan konsumsi skala nasional. Tahun 2015 produksi gula di Indonesia sejumlah 2,5 juta ton, lebih rendah dibandingkan tahun sebeumnya(Direktorat Jendral Perkebunan, 2015).Tahun 2015 Indonesia mengalami El-Nino, dimana kondisi ini diduga mempengaruhi kondisi hidrologi lahan tebu. Fase pemanjangan batang tebu memerlukan ketersediaan air yang cukup. Kekurangan air dalam masa pertumbuhan vegetatif dapat menyebabkan tebu mengalami stagnasi. Kekurangan air dapat mengganggu proses fisiologi maupun morfologi, sehingga mengakibatkan terhambatnya pertumbuhan.Melihat riskannya resiko kekurangan air pada saat fase pemanjangan batang tebu. Pusat Penelitian Gula PT.Perkebunan Nusantara X melakukan uji coba aplikasi hasil sisa panen atau daduk tebu kembali ke lahan sebagai mulsa.Namun, pengaruh yang ditimbulkan dapat bergantung pada tingkat ketebalan dan bahan dari mulsa itu sendiri (Pradana, Nugroho dan Guritno, 2015).Oleh karena itu,penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektifitas pemberian seresah tebu sebagai mulsa untuk mempertahankan kadar air tanah serta pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan tebu. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April- Juni 2017dilahan HGU Djengkol PT. Perkebunan Nusantara X, Desa Plosokidul, Kecamatan Plosoklaten Kabuapaten Kediri. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan meliputi : TT0(tanpa mulsa /control), TT1 (Tebal mulsa 1,5 cm), TT2 (Tebalmulsa 3 cm), TT3 (Tebalmulsa 4,5 cm), TT4 (Tebal mulsa 6 cm), TT5 (Tebalmulsa 7,5 cm). Variabel yang diamati diantaranya kadar air tanah, tinggi batang tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah batang. jumlah ruas, panjang ruas, dan jumlah daun. Hasil pengamatan di analisis dengan uji F taraf 5% dan apabila terdapat pengaruh nyata maka akan dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT taraf 5%. Diuji juga korelasi antara kadar air dan variable pengamatan pertumbuhan batang untuk menguji pengaruh kadar air terhadap pertumbuhan batang tebu. Ketebalan mulsa seresah tebu memberikan pengaruh pertumbuhan lebih baik terhadap jumlah anakan, tinggi tanaman, jumlah ruas dan panjang ruas tanaman tebu. Namun tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap diameter batang dan jumlah daun tanaman tebu. Pemberian mulsa cenderung mampu menjaga kadar air lebih tinggi. Fluktuasi nilai kadar air tertinggi terdapat pada petak perlakuan tanpa diberikan mulsaKadar air berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap tinggi batang tanaman tebu dan panjang ruas. Kekurangan air dapat menyebabkan pemanjangan batang tebu kurang optimal dan mengalami stagnasi. Panjang ruas tanaman tebu tumbuh secara optimal dengan pemberian mulsa, dimana rata-rata panjang ruas tanaman tebu mampu mencapai 10 cmb . Pemberian mulsa dapat mengurangi radiasi matahari yang diterima dan diserap oleh tanah, sehingga dapat menjaga suhu tanah pada siang hari.
English Abstract
Sugar production in Indonesia is still unable to meet national consumption needs. In 2015 Indonesian sugar production amounted to 2.5 million tons, lower than the previous year (Directorate General of Plantation, 2015). In 2015 Indonesia experienced El-Nino, where this condition is thought to affect the hydrological conditions of sugarcane land. The elongation phase of sugarcane stems requires adequate water availability. Water shortages during vegetative growth can cause sugar cane to stagnate. Water shortages can interfere with physiological and morphological processes, resulting in stunted growth. Seeing the risk of water shortages during the cane stem lengthening phase. The Sugar Research Center of PT. Perkebunan Nusantara X conducts a trial of the application of harvest yield or sugarcane back to the field as mulch. However, the effect can depend on the level of thickness and material of the mulch itself (Pradana, Nugroho and Guritno, 2015). Therefore, this study aims to examine the effectiveness of sugarcane litter as a mulch to maintain soil moisture content and its effect on sugarcane stems growth. This research was carried out in April - June 2017 at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara X land on Plosokidul Village, Plosoklaten District, Kediri. This research used a randomized block design (RBD) with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The reatments include: TT0 (without mulch / control), TT1 (1.5 cm mulch), TT2 (3 cm mulch), TT3 (4.5 cm mulch), TT4 (6 cm mulch), TT5 (7.5 cm mulch). The variables observed were soil moisture content, plant stem height, stem diameter, number of stems. number of sections, segment length, and number of leaves. The results of the observation were analyzed with an F test of 5% level and if there was a real influence, it would be followed by a BNT test at the level of 5%. This research also analyzed the correlation between water content and variable observations of stem growth to test the effect of water content on the growth of sugarcane stems. Mulch thickness of sugarcane litter gives a better growth effect on the number of tillers,, plant height, number of internode and length of the sugarcane internode. But it didn’t significantly influence the stem diameter and the number of leaves of sugarcane. Mulch tends to be able to maintain higher water content. The highest water content fluctuations were found in without mulch treatment or control. Water content significantly affected the height of the sugarcane stems and the length of the internode. Water shortages can cause the cane stem to elongate less optimally and stagnate. Internode length of sugarcane grows optimally by giving mulch, where the average length of the sugarcane can reach 10 cm. Giving mulch can reduce solar radiation that is received and absorbed by the soil, so that it can maintain soil temperature during the day.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2018/907/051900277 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Tebu, Saccharum Officinarum L, Mulsa Seresah Tebu, Kadar Air Tanah |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.6 Sugar, syrup, starch crop > 633.61 Sugarcane |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Jun 2019 03:09 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 01:47 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/167016 |
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