Panjaitan, Erpina Artanti (2018) Alternatif Proses Defekasi Di Pabrik Gula Ngadirejo (Kajian Pengaruh Penambahan Procal Dan Natrium Metabisulfit (Na2s2o5) Terhadap Kualitas Nira Tebu Ps 862). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Nira selain mengandung sukrosa dan gula pereduksi, juga mengandung senyawa non gula seperti lilin, zat warna, asam organik dan anorganik. Disitulah tahap penjernihan nira berperan penting dalam pengolahan gula. Kualitas dan kuantitas gula yang dihasilkan ditentukan dari proses penjernihan niranya. Metode penjernihan yang digunakan oleh Pabrik Gula (PG) Ngadirejo adalah fractional liming (defekasi bertahap) dan double sulfitasi. Defekasi pertama pH nira dinaikkan hingga 7-7,2 menggunakan susu kapur. Pada defekasi kedua pH nira dinaikkan lagi hingga 8-9. Kemudian diturunkan menjadi netral (pH 7-7,2) menggunakan gas belerang (SO2). Hal tersebut kurang efisien secara waktu maupun teknis, oleh karena itu dilakukan alternatif penjernihan nira menggunakan Procal sebagai buffer. Procal merupakan hasil proses dengan metode aktifasi dari bahan baku utama kalsium karbonat (CaCO3) dan bahan pembantu lainnya dari unsur nitrogen (N), magnesium (Mg), dan sulfur (S). Kandungan magnesium dan sulfur tersebut dapat membantu proses penjernihan lebih cepat. Nira hasil penjernihan pada penelitian ini akan diolah lebih lanjut menjadi gula cair tebu sehingga kurang cocok jika direaksikan dengan gas belerang karena perlu dibuang menggunakan flash tank. Maka, digunakan natrium metabisufit untuk alternatif gas belerang yang berperan sebagai bleaching agent. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan Procal dan natrium metabisulfit terhadap kualitas nira tebu yang dijernihkan. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang disusun secara faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Faktor I yaitu konsentrasi Procal (4%, 5%, dan 6%) dan faktor II yaitu konsentrasi natrium metabisulfit (200ppm, 400ppm, dan 600ppm) dan masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga diperoleh 27 satuan percobaan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, penambahan Procal berpengaruh nyata terhadap pH, gula reduksi, total gula, total padatan terlarut, dan turbiditas nira jernih, sedangkan penambahan natrium metabisulfit berpengaruh nyata terhadap intensitas kecerahan (L*), intensitas kemerahan (a*), dan turbiditas nira jernih. Perlakuan terbaik didapatkan pada kombinasi perlakuan penambahan Procal 6% dan natrium metabisulfit 400ppm dengan pH 7,1, gula reduksi 0,631%, total gula 10,29%, total padatan terlarut 15,00oBrix, intensitas kecerahan (L*) 60,8, intensitas kemerahan (a*) -3,0, intensitas kekuningan (b*) 17,6 dan turbiditas 56,71 NTU.
English Abstract
Sugar cane juice contains sucrose and reducing sugar, but also non-sugar compound like wax, colouring matter, organic and anorganic acids. That’s why juice clarification had an important role in sugar processing. The quality and the quantity of the produced sugar were determined by its clarification process. Clarification method used by Ngadirejo Sugar Factory were fractional liming and double sulphitation. pH of cane juice was raised to 7-7,2 using lime milk in the first stage of liming. On second stage, pH was raised again to 8-9. Then, pH was neutralized (pH 7-7,2) by using sulfur gas (SO2). That whole process were less efficient on time and technical matter, therefore innovation of liming process was conducted by using Procal as buffer. Procal is the result of activation method from calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and other materials such as nitrogen (N), magnesium (Mg), and sulfur (S). The magnesium and sulfur content can be helpful to fasten the clarification process. The result of the clarification from this study will be further processed into liquid sugar, so it is not suitable to be reacted with sulfur gas because it needs to be discarded using flash tank. Therefore sodium metabisulfite was used as bleaching agent. The aims of this study was to determine the effect of Procal and sodium metabisulfite addition on the quality of clarified sugar cane juice. Randomized Block Design was used with two factors. The first factor, comprised three levels of Procal concentration: 4%, 5%, and 6%. The second factor II comprised three levels of sodium metabisulfite concentration: 200ppm, 400ppm, and 600ppm. Each treatment was done with three reprication, meaning that there were 27 experimental units. Based on the results, the addition of Procal had significant effect on pH, reducing sugar, total sugar, total dissolved solids, and turbidity of clear juice. While sodium metabisulfite had significant effect on the intensity of lightness (L*), redness (a*), and turbidity of clear juice. The best treatment was obtained by adding Procal 6% and sodium metabisulfite 400 ppm with pH 7.1, 0,631% reducing sugar, 10,29% total sugars, 15,00oBrix total soluble solids, 60,8 lightness (L*), -3,0 redness(a*), 17,6 yellowish intensity (b*) 1 and 56,71 NTU turbidity.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2018/361/051809247 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Natrium Metabisulfit, Nira Tebu, Penjernihan, Procal / Cane Juice, Clarification, Procal, Sodium Metabisulfite |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.6 Sugar, syrup, starch crop > 633.61 Sugarcane |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Hasil Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Oct 2019 02:06 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Jul 2022 07:20 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/166032 |
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