Nursyalim, Ragil Aulia (2018) Pembuatan Keju Cottage Berbasis Sari Kedelai Hitam (Glycine Soja L) (Kajian Proporsi Penambahan Ekstrak Jeruk Nipis Dan Konsentrasi Susu Skim Bubuk. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Keju merupakan salah satu produk olahan susu yang banyak digemari oleh masyarakat. Selain rasanya yang enak, keju juga memiliki kandungan gizi yang baik untuk tubuh. Namun, tidak semua kalangan masyarakat dapat menikmati keju. Hal ini selain disebabkan oleh mahalnya harga keju, keju juga mengandung protein kasein yang dapat menyebabkan alergi dan memiliki kandungan lemak yang cukup tinggi sehingga tidak dapat dinikmati oleh penderita kolesterol tinggi. Kedelai hitam (Glycine soja L.) merupakan tanaman asli Asia yang sangat baik ditanam di wilayah tropis seperti Indonesia. Penggunaan kedelai hitam dalam pangan masih sangat sedikit dibandingkan kedelai kuning. Namun, banyaknya bahan baku kedelai hitam serta kandungan tinggi proteinnya, memungkinkan untuk dapat mengembangkan produksi keju kedelai hitam di Indonesia. Jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) diduga dapat digunakan sebagaibahan pengasam dalam pembuatan keju karena buah tersebut mengandung beberapa jenisasam organik diantaranya asam sitrat danasam askorbat. Penambahan susu skim pada pembuatan keju kedelai akan memberi flavour yang lebih khas pada keju selama proses fermentasi yang dilakukan oleh bakteri. Protein dalam sari kedelai akan terurai oleh mikroba dan akan menghasilkan peptida dan asam amino yang dapat berperan dalam terciptanya flavour.Sedangkan laktosa yang terkandung di dalam susu skim akan digunakan oleh bakteri sebagai sumber energi selama proses fermentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode RAK (Racangan Acak Kelompok) dengan 2 faktor. Faktor 1 yaitu konsentrasi jeruk nipis (2,5%, 5%, 7,5%) dan faktor 2 yaitu konsentrasi susu skim (5%, 10%, 1,5%). Data dari hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan statistikanalisa ragam atau Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Apabila dari hasil uji tersebut terdapat adanya pengaruh nyata, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT dengan α = 5% (0.05). Selanjutnya perlakuan terbaik ditentukan menggunakan Metode Zeleny. Hasil dari penelitian pemanfaatan menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi jeruk nipis dan susu skim memberikan memberikan interaksi terhadap protein, lemak, kadari air, pH, antioksidan dan rendemen pada sampel.Perlakuan terbaik diperoleh pada keju cottage kedelai hitam dengan penambahan sari jeruk nipis dengan konsentrasi 7,5% dan susu skim dengan konsentrasi 15 % yang memiliki kadar protein 17,56%, lemak 7,007%, kadar air 72,73%, pH 4,05%, derajat kecerahan (L*) 74,37% dan derajat kekuningan (b*) 17,63%. Nilai uji hedonik menghasilkan parameter rasa 3.6, parameter aroma 3.6, parameter warna 3.7, dan parameter tekstur 3.6.
English Abstract
Cheese is one of dairy products that much favored by the community. In addition to the delicious taste, cheese also has a good nutritional content for the body. However, in reality not all people can enjoy cheese. This is due to the high price of cheese, cheese also contains casein protein that can cause allergies and has a high enough fat content that can not be enjoyed by people with high cholesterol. Black soybeans (Glycine soja L.) are native to Asia that are very well grown in tropical regions such as Indonesia. Black soy also has long been a part of Indonesian culinary. The use of black soy in food is still very little compared to yellow soybean. However, seeing the amount of raw material of black soybeans and high protein content, it is possible to develop black soybean cheese production in Indonesia. Lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) is thought to be used as an acidizer in cheese making, because the fruit contains several types of organic acids such as citric acid and ascorbic acid. Lemon fruit has a dominant acid flavor so that when used in cheese making, it is expected that the cheese produced also has a distinctive flavor of lime. The addition of skim milk to the making of soy cheese will give a more distinctive flavor to the cheese during the fermentation process by the bacteria. Protein in soy essence will be decomposed by microbes and will produce peptides and amino acids that can play a role in the creation of flavor. While lactose contained in skim milk will be used by bacteria as a source of energy during the fermentation process takes place. These energy sources are used by bacteria to produce lactic acid. This study used the method of Random Group Block with 2 factors. Factor 1 is concentration of lime (2.5%, 5%, 7,5%) and factor 2 is skim milk concentration (5%, 10%, 1,5%). Data from the results of the study were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistic analysis. If from the test results there is a real effect, then proceed with the DMRT test with α = 5% (0.05). Furthermore the best treatment was determined using the Zeleny Method. The results of the utilization study showed that the concentrations of lime and skim milk provided an interaction of protein, fat, water content, pH, antioxidant and rendement of the sample. The best treatment was obtained in black cottage cheese with addition of lemon juice with 7,5% concentration and skim milk with 15% concentration which have protein content 17,56%, fat 7,007%, moisture content 72,73%, pH 4,05 %, brightness degree (L *) 74,37% and yellowish degree (b *) 17,63%.The value of the hedonic test yields a 3.6 flavored parameter, an aroma parameter of 3.6, a color parameter of 3.7, and a texture parameter 3.6.
Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
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Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2018/448/051810126 |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | Kedelai Hitam, Keju,Jeruk Nipis, Susu skim,/ Black soy, Cheese, Lime, Skim milk |
Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 637 Processing dairy and related products > 637.3 Cheese processing |
Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Hasil Pertanian |
Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
Date Deposited: | 10 Sep 2019 01:30 |
Last Modified: | 17 Mar 2022 06:08 |
URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/165145 |
Text
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