Nugraheni, AstriSeptiyaningsih (2014) Potensi Minyak Atsiri Serai Wangi (Cymbopogon Winterianus) Sebagai Fungisida Nabati Terhadap Penyakit Antraknosa (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) PADA BUAH APEL (Malus sylvestris Mill). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Penyakit antraknosa buah apel yang disebabkan oleh jamur Colletotrichum gloeosporioides merupakan salah satu penyakit pasca panen buah apel. Secara alternatif jamur dapat dikendalikan oleh pestisida yang berasal dari alam yang aman bagi lingkungan dan tidak ada zat yang tertinggal. Produk alami seperti minyak atsiri serai wangi yang mengandung genaniol, sitronellal, dan sitronellol telah diketahui berperan sebagai biofungisida. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi minyak atsiri serai wangi dalam mengontrol pertumbuhan jamur C. gloeosporioides yang efektif. Minyak atsiri serai wangi Cymbopogon winterianus di dapatkan dari unit penyulingan PHKI Tema C, Kesamben, Kabupaten Blitar. Komposisi senyawa minyak atsiri diidentifikasi menggunakan GC-MS. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara in vitro dan in vivo. Secara in vitro, berbagai konsentrasi minyak serai wangi diletakkan di cawan petri dan jamur C. gloeosporioides diletakkan dipusat cawan petri. Penghambatan pertumbuhan jamur C. gloeosporioides diukur dari diameter koloni dan berat miselium jamur. Secara in vivo buah apel direndam kedalam larutan minyak atsiri serai wangi kemudian buah ditusuk dan ditetesi suspensi jamur C. gloeosporioides. Diameter gejala yang muncul pada permukaan buah apel diukur selama 14 HSI. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diujikan yaitu media tanpa pemberian minyak atsiri serai wangi sebagai kontrol, media dengan campuran minyak atsiri serai wangi konsentrasi 500 ppm hingga 1500 ppm. Hasil analisis GC-MS yang menunjukkan bahwa minyak atsiri serai wangi mengandung sitronellal 57,92%, sitronellol 13,59%, dan geraniol 17,66%. Secara in vitro minyak atsiri serai wangi paling efektif menghambat pertumbuhan jamur C. gloeosporioides yaitu pada konsentrasi 1500 ppm sebesar 90,22%. Secara in vivo minyak atsiri serai wangi dapat menghambat pertumbuhan gejala antraknosa paling efektif yaitu pada konsentrasi 1500 ppm dengan diameter gejala 2,33 cm. Nilai EC50 minyak atsiri serai wangi dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur C. gloeosporioides secara in vitro dan in vivo yaitu 986,84 ppm dan 1779,55 ppm. Sedangkan nilai minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) minyak atsiri serai wangi dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur C. gloeosporioides secara in vitro dan in vivo yaitu 45,18 ppm dan 547,09 ppm.
English Abstract
Apple anthracnose disease caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is one of the post-harvest diseases. Alternatively, a treatment of the fungus can use a fungiside isolated from natural product that environmentally safe and no matter waste left. The natural product, such as essential oil of lemon grass contains bioactive compounds such as geraniol, citronellal, and citronellol have been known to play biopestiside. The research was conducted to determine of a various concentration of essential oil on controlling of C. gloeosporioides , effectively. Essential oil of Cymbopogon winterianus was obtained from the distillating unit of PHKI Theme C, Kesamben, Blitar. Compounds composition of the essential oil were identified using GC-MS. There were in vitro and in vivo tests in this research. The various come of essential oil were placed in petri dish and put the C. gloeosporioides in the center of the petri dish. The inhibition of the C. gloeosporioides growth was determined by measuring the diameter of colony of the fungi and its misellium mass. Second, In vivo apples soaked into a solution of citronellal essential oil then fruit punctured and spilled C. gloeosporioides suspension. Diameter of symptoms that appear on the surface of the apples was measured for 14 days after inoculation. The research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 treatments that replaced 4 times. The experiment to control the growth and development of C. gloeosporioides was performed by using different levels of concentrated extract of 500 until 1500 ppm, compared with media potato dextrose agar (PDA) in the absence of essential oil as control. The results of GC-MS analysis showed that the citronellal essential oil contains citronellal 57.92%, citronellol 13.59%, and geraniol 17.66%. Furthermore, in vitro test finds out that essential oil of citronellal with concentration 1500 ppm effectively inhibited fungal growth of 90,22%. in vivo test using concentration 1500 ppm shows that effective inhibit the growth of anthracnose symptoms with diameter symptoms 2,33 cm. Efective consentration (EC50) values citronellal essential oil in inhibiting the growth of C. gloeosporioides in vitro 986,84 ppm and in vivo 1779,55 ppm. Value of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) citronella essential oil in inhibiting the growth of fungus C. gloeosporioides in vitro and in vivo are 45.18 ppm and 547.09 ppm.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2014/353/051406883 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Hasbi |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Oct 2014 08:48 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 07:41 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/129827 |
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