Maulana, Dimas (2018) Analisis Ketersediaan Unsur Hara Kalium Tanah Pada Aplikasi Pupuk K-Slow Release Untuk Tebu (Saccharum Officinarum L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kalium memiliki peran yang sangat penting bagi pertumbuhan tanaman. Kalium dibutuhkan dalam jumlah yang banyak setelah unsur hara N dan P. Namun, kalium yang tersedia di dalam tanah umumnya lebih rendah dibandingkan unsur hara N. Vinasse merupakan limbah kimia berbentuk cair dari produksi etanol. Vinasse memiliki kandungan yang kaya akan bahan organik dan unsur hara kalium. Pemanfaatan vinasse sebagai pupuk sudah dapat ditemukan di beberapa tempat. Limbah ini biasanya dimanfaatkan sebagai pupuk oleh petani dalam bentuk cair. Akan tetapi pelepasan kalium yang cepat tersebut perlu dikendalikan dengan menggunakan kombinasi bahan tertentu agar dapat tersedia bagi tanaman dalam waktu dan jumlah yang dibutuhkan oleh tanaman tebu. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Ekofisiologi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat (BALITTAS), Malang dari Mei sampai Juli 2017. Sedangkan analisis kalium tanah dilakukan di Laboratorium Kimia Tanah Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya. Rancangan penelitian yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah inkubasi dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) sederhana. Dosis pupuk yang digunakan adalah 180 kg.ha-1 K2O dimana jumlah perlakuan sebanyak tujuh perlakuan dengan jumlah ulangan sebanyak empat kali sehingga jumlah unit penelitian sebanyak 28 unit. Parameter pengamatan meliputi pH, Kapasitas Tukar Kation (KTK), K-total, K-dapat ditukar (K-dd) yang diamati setiap dua minggu selama inkubasi. Hasil dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam menggunakan aplikasi Genstat 12th Edition. Jika hasil analisis ragam berbeda nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT (Duncan’s Multiple Range Test). Perlakuan pupuk K-Slow Release yang terdiri dari abu vinasse dan dicampurkan dengan berbagai kombinasi dapat meningkatkan nilai pH, KTK, K-dd, dan K-total tanah. Hasil analisis ragam perlakuan menunjukkan bahwa pemberian perlakuan pupuk pada tanah berpengaruh tidak beda nyata terhadap pH tanah, berbeda nyata terhadap KTK tanah pengamatan 2 MSI, sangat berbeda nyata pada 6 dan 8 MSI, serta sangat berbeda nyata K-dd tanah semua pengamatan. Sedangkan perlakuan G3 (abu vinasse + Si) menghasilkan rata-rata K-total tertinggi sebesar 306,71 mg.kg-1, dan nilai terendah pada perlakuan G2 (abu vinasse) sebesar 212,48 mg.kg-1. Sedangkan nilai efektivitas pelepasan kalium terendah didapatkan pada perlakuan G3 (abu vinasse + Si), sebesar 57 %. Nilai efektivitas pelepasan kalium tersebut diharapkan dapat menahan ketersediaan kalium dalam waktu lama sehingga kebutuhan kalium tanaman tebu akan selalu tersedia
English Abstract
Potassium has a very important role for plant growth. Potassium is needed in large quantities after nutrients N and P. However, the available potassium in the soil is lower than nutrients N. Vinasse is a chemical waste from liquid ethanol. Vinasse has a rich content of organic matter and potassium nutrients. Utilization of vinasse as fertilizer can already be found in several places. This waste is usually used as fertilizer by farmers in liquid form. But the rate of rapid release of potassium needs to be combined by using a combination of certain ingredients to be available to the plant in the time and quantities needed by sugar cane. This research was conducted in Ecophysiology Laboratory of Indonesian Crops and Fiber Crops Research Institute (BALITTAS), Malang from May to July 2017. Meanwhile, the analysis was conducted at Soil Chemistry Laboratory of Soil Department, Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya. The research design used in this study is incubation with simple Randomized Block Design. The dosage of fertilizer used is 180 kg.ha-1 K2O where the treatment amounted to seven treatments with the number of replications four times so that the number of research units as many as 28 units. Observation variables include pH, Cation Exchange Capacity, K-total, K-exchangeable which were observed every week during incubation. The results were analyzed using various analysis using Genstat 12th Edition application. If the variation analysis results are significantly different then proceed with DMRT test (Duncan's Multiple Range Test). The K-Slow Release fertilizer treatment consisting of ash vinasse and mixed with several combinations can increase the pH, CEC, K-exchangeable, and K-total soil. The result of treatment variety analysis showed the treatment has non significant effect to soil pH, significant effect on soil CEC observation 2 week after incubation, high significant on 6 and 8 week after incubation, also high significant on K-exchangeable soil in all week after incubation observation. While the G3 (vinasse ash + Si) treatment has the highest total K-averages of 306.71 mg.kg-1, and the lowest value at G2 (vinasse ash) is 212.48 mg.kg-1. Meanwhile, the lowest rate of potassium release in G3 (vinasse ash + Si) treatment is 57%. The effective value of this rate of potassium release is expected to withstand occasional times in a long time so that the need for sugarcane crops will always be available.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2018/76/051802162 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.6 Sugar, syrup, starch crop > 633.61 Sugarcane |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 23 May 2018 00:43 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 02:22 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/10848 |
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